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  • Pilihan Terapi untuk Penderita Misophonia, Gangguan Emosional Akibat Mendengar Suara Tertentu

Pilihan Terapi untuk Penderita Misophonia, Gangguan Emosional Akibat Mendengar Suara Tertentu

Pilihan Terapi untuk Penderita Misophonia, Gangguan Emosional Akibat Mendengar Suara Tertentu

Bagikan :


Suara-suara seperti embusan napas, ketukan jari ketukan bolpen, suara orang mengunyah adalah suara yang biasa kita dengar sehari-hari. Namun bagi sebagian orang, mendengarkan suara tersebut bisa jadi sangat mengesalkan bahkan bisa memicu reaksi emosional seperti cemas, marah, panik dan tertekan. Apabila Anda mengalami hal tersebut maka kemungkinan Anda mengalami misophonia.

Apa itu misophonia?

Misophonia adalah kondisi di mana Anda menunjukkan reaksi dan respon otomatis (fight-or-flight) ketika mendengar suara-suara tertentu. Umumnya suara yang memicu reaksi tersebut adalah suara buatan manusia dan merupakan hasil dari gerakan berulang seperti bersiul, bernapas, mengetuk, dan lain-lain. Sedangkan reaksi yang ditunjukkan antara lain merasa tidak nyaman, kesal, marah, panik, ingin segera lari dari sumber bunyi, hingga gangguan kecemasan.

Pada orang dengan misophonia, suara-suara yang berasal dari orang lain dapat terdengar sangat menggangu. Namun mereka tidak akan tergangu dengan suara yang mereka buat sendiri. Pada beberapa orang, mereka justru akan menirukan suara pemicu tersebut untuk membantu mengatasi rasa tidak nyaman yang dirasakan.

Terapi mengatasi misophonia

Untuk saat ini, belum ada pengobatan untuk misophonia. Namun ada beberapa terapi yang bisa dicoba untuk mengatasi misophonia, antara lain:

1. Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT)

Tinnitus retraining therapy adalah terapi yang biasa dilakukan untuk mengatasi tinnitus, yaitu kondisi yang menyebabkan seseorang mendengar dengungan pada telinga. Dalam terapi ini, pasien akan diperdengarkan suara-suara tertentu agar pasien terbiasa dengan bunyi yang dialami. Dengan begitu, pasien tidak akan menunjukkan reaksi negatif setiap mendengarkan bunyi-bunyi yang mengganggu.

2. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Cognitive-behavioral therapy atau terapi perilaku kognitif adalah salah satu jenis psikoterapi yang memadukan antara terapi perilaku dan terapi kognitif. Tujuan utama dari terapi ini adalah agar pasien dapat memahami dengan lebih baik reaksi mereka pada suara pemicu sambil mencari cara untuk menekan reaksi negatif yang muncul. Dalam sebuah penelitian disebutkan bahwa hampir 50% pengidap misophonia menunjukkan hasil perbaikan yang signifikan setelah menjalani terapi ini.

3. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

Pada dialectical behavior therapy atau terapi perilaku dialektis, terapi dilakukan dengan tujuan agar pasien dapat mengatur emosi negatif dan mengurangi konflik dalam sebuah hubungan. Pada kasus misophonia, terapi ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengubah pola pikiran negatif yang muncul akibat suara-suara pemicu, dan mendorong perubahan perilaku positif.

4. Relaksasi

Salah satu teknik relaksasi yang dianjurkan untuk mengatasi misophonia adalah relaksasi otot progresif, yaitu teknik relaksasi dengan cara memberi tegangan pada otot tertentu lalu dilanjutkan dengan relaksasi. Biasanya teknik ini dilakukan beriringan dengan teknik relaksasi lain seperti desensitiasi sistematik yang biasa digunakan untuk mengatasi fobia. Teknik relaksasi ini bisa dilakukan secara mandiri, sehingga ketika gangguan emosi akibat misophonia muncul, Anda dapat segera mengatasinya.

5. Mendengarkan white noise

White noise dapat diartikan sebagai bunyi latar yang dapat menutupi suara lain yang terjadi secara alami di suatu lingkungan. Ketika muncul sumber bunyi pengganggu, Anda bisa mendengarkan white noise dari ponsel atau membuat bunyi-bunyian sendiri seperti menggesek-gesekkan kertas untuk mengalihkan perhatian. Beberapa contoh white noise yang bisa didengarkan antara lain suara hujan, suara laju kendaraan, dan lain-lain.

6. Mengonsumsi obat-obatan

Untuk saat ini belum ada obat-obatan yang dapat mengatasi misophonia, namun dokter dapat meresepkan obat-obatan jika misophonia disertai dengan gangguan kecemasan serius atau depresi.

 

Gejala misophonia dapat terjadi secara ringan maupun berat. Bagi pengidap misophonia berat, dianjurkan untuk selalu membawa earplug untuk memblokir suara yang mengganggu. Apabila kondisi misophonia cukup parah, konsultasikan dengan dokter atau psikolog unutk mendapat penanganan yang tepat.

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Ayu Munawaroh, MKK
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 23:35

Cassoobhoy, A (2020). What is Misophobia. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/what-is-misophonia?

Evans, J (2021). Understanding Misophonia: When Everyday Sounds Cause Distress. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/misophonia

Renton J (2021). What is Misophonia?. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/misophonia-5190962

 

Dryden-Edwards, R (2020). Misophonia. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/misophonia/article.htm#

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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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