Komedo Putih dan Komedo Hitam Tidak Sama, Ini Perbedaannya

Komedo Putih dan Komedo Hitam Tidak Sama, Ini Perbedaannya
Credits: Freepik. Komedo hitam dan putih merupakan jenis jerawat yang ringan.

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Jerawat adalah masalah umum kulit yang hampir dirasakan semua orang. Jerawat dapat terjadi pada usia berapa pun, namun seringkali menjadi masalah besar di usia remaja akibat perubahan hormon di dalam tubuh.

Perubahan hormon memengaruhi produksi sebum/minyak, minyak akan melumasi kulit dan rambut untuk menjaga kelembapannya agar tidak kering. Sebum diproduksi di bawah kulit oleh kelenjar yang disebut kelenjar sebasea atau kelenjar minyak.

Terjadinya perubahan hormon juga dapat menyebabkan produksi minyak berlebihan yang dapat menyumbat pori-pori. Penyumbatan inilah yang kemudian menyebabkan jerawat.

 

Komedo, Jenis Jerawat yang paling Ringan

Ada beragam jenis jerawat, dari yang paling ringan hingga parah. Jerawat paling ringan dikenal dengan istilah komedo, di mana folikel rambut tersumbat oleh minyak, debu, kotoran, dan juga bakteri.

Tanpa perawatan yang tepat, kulit bisa mengalami peradangan dan infeksi bakteri sehingga bisa berkembang menjadi jerawat yang meradang.

Komedo dikategorikan menjadi dua, komedo putih dan komedo hitam. Walaupun proses pembentukannya sama, namun keduanya memiliki perbedaan.

 

Apa itu Komedo Putih?

Komedo putih adalah jenis jerawat yang juga disebut sebagai komedo tertutup. Komedo putih memiliki folikel yang berisi bahan yang sama dengan komedo hitam, namun hanya memiliki lubang mikroskopis di permukaan kulit.

Karena udara tidak dapat mencapai folikel, maka bagian dalamnya tidak teroksidasi dan tetap putih. Inilah sebabnya saat Anda mencoba memencet dan mengeluarkannya, Anda akan melihat material berwarna putih kekuningan.

 

Apa itu Komedo Hitam?

Komedo hitam adalah jenis jerawat yang disebut komedo terbuka. Komedo hitam memiliki folikel yang terbuka lebar yang terisi penumpukan sebum, keratin dan sel-sel kulit mati dan tidak bisa keluar dari pori-pori.

Reaksi kimia dengan udara menyebabkan oksidasi melanin sehingga warnanya terlihat hitam. Komedo jenis ini lebih sering ditemukan di hidung atau di area wajah dan tubuh.

 

Bagaimana Cara Mengatasi Komedo Putih dan Hitam?

Komedo putih dan hitam sama-sama disebabkan oleh penyumbatan pori-pori, yang artinya pengobatan dan perawatannya sebenarnya sama.

Ada beberapa jenis produk yang direkomendasikan untuk mengobati keluhan komedo, di antaranya:

Benzoil Peroksida

Benzoil peroksida memiliki efek antibakteri yang juga dapat menurunkan reaksi kimia yang mengubah lapisan folikel rambut. Bahan kimia ini dapat membantu mengurangi penyumbatan yang menyebabkan komedo, dan biasanya digunakan untuk mengatasi komedo ringan dan mencegah pembentukan komedo lainnya.

Retinoid topikal

Retinoid topikal biasanya diresepkan oleh dokter untuk mengatasi jenis komedo putih. Retinoid adalah turunan vitamin A yang bekerja meningkatkan pergantian sel, mengurangi penumpukan sel-sel kulit mati, dan membersihkan pori-pori kulit. Sebaiknya penggunaan retinoid harus mengikuti resep dan aturan pemakaian karena berisiko menyebabkan iritasi.

Antibiotik

Baik antibiotik topikal maupun oral dapat digunakan jika komedo telah terinfeksi. Penggunaan antibiotik tidak boleh sembarangan, dan hanya diberikan bila komedo benar-benar telah meradang dan terinfeksi.

Isotretinoin

Isotretinoin adalah pengobatan untuk jerawat batu parah yang juga efektif digunakan merawat komedo. Karena biasanya tidak diresepkan untuk kondisi jerawat ringan maka penggunaannya harus di bawah pengawasan dokter.

Pada ibu hamil, isotretinoin berisiko menyebabkan cacat lahir dan efek samping lainnya, sehingga sebaiknya tidak digunakan sembarangan.

 

Sebagian besar komedo juga bisa diatasi dengan ekstraksi, yang hanya direkomendasikan dilakukan oleh ahli kecantikan untuk mengatasi komedo terbuka. Anda tidak disarankan melakukan ekstraksi sendiri karena berisiko menyebabkan infeksi, baik dengan maupun tanpa alat.

Selain infeksi, ekstraksi yang dilakukan sembarangan juga berisiko meninggalkan bekas luka yang akan lebih sulit diatasi. Untuk hasil terbaik, kunjungi dokter kulit atau klinik perawatan kulit yang terpercaya.

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 09:46

Medicine.net (2021). What Is the Difference Between Acne Blackheads and Whiteheads?. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/difference_between_blackheads_and_whiteheads/article.htm

Kelly Everson (2022). A Closer Look at Blackheads vs. Whiteheads: Causes, Treatment, and More. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/blackheads-vs-whiteheads

Cleveland Clinic (2021). Whiteheads. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22039-whiteheads

Cleveland Clinic (2021). Blackheads. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22038-blackheads

 

Heather L. Brannon, MD (2022). Blackheads and Whiteheads in Acne. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/acne-blackheads-and-whiteheads-1068705

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.47msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3140 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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