Ternyata, Ini Beda Otak Orang yang Introvert dan Ekstrovert

Ternyata, Ini Beda Otak Orang yang Introvert dan Ekstrovert

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Perbedaan antara kepribadian introvert dan ekstrovert sering menjadi perbincangan menarik di masyarakat. Carl Jung, pakar psikolog ternama membagi kepribadian manusia menjadi dua tipe yaitu kepribadian introvert dan ekstrovert.

Masyarakat awam sering menganggap bahwa introvert adalah sosok yang pendiam, pemalu dan suka menutup diri. Sementara itu kepribadian ekstrovert sering digambarkan sebagai orang yang ceria, ramah dan mudah berteman. Namun sebenarnya, perbedaan introvert dan ekstrovert tidak dilihat dari sudut pandang tersebut.

Menurut Carl Jung, yang membedakan dua tipe kepribadian ini sebenarnya adalah bagaimana cara seseorang menyerap dan menghabiskan energi mereka. Orang introvert lebih menyukai pemikirannya sendiri daripada bicara dengan orang lain, sehingga mereka lebih nyaman bekerja sendirian daripada dalam grup. Mereka juga lebih nyaman saat sendirian dan butuh waktu lama untuk membuat keputusan.

Sebaliknya, orang dengan kepribadian ekstrovert mendapatkan energinya dari orang lain. Mereka lebih mudah untuk berteman dengan orang lain, gemar berdiskusi, dan merasa nyaman bekerja dalam kelompok.

Lalu, apa penyebab seseorang memiliki kepribadian introvert atau ekstrovert?

Baca Juga: Tips Bekerja di Kantor Jika Anda Seorang Introvert

Perbedaan Otak Introvert dan Ekstrovert

Pada dasarnya, tidak ada orang yang sepenuhnya introvert atau sepenuhnya ekstrovert. Setiap orang memiliki satu sisi kepribadian yang lebih dominan dibanding sisi lainnya.

Penyebab seseorang dapat dapat memiliki kepribadian introvert atau ekstrovert pun tidak dapat diketahui secara pasti. Namun dilansir dari Medicine Net, ada perbedaan dalam otak orang introvert dan ekstrovert yang menyebabkan perilaku keduanya berbeda.

Perbedaan aliran darah

Dalam sebuah penelitian terungkap bahwa orang introvert memiliki lebih banyak aliran darah ke otak bagian lobus frontal daripada orang ekstrovert. Bagian otak yang berada di depan ini berperan penting dalam proses berpikir, menalar, dan pengambilan keputusan.

Aliran darah yang lebih banyak di lobus frontal menunjukkan seseorang lebih banyak mendapat stimulus dari internal. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan sikap suka berpikir dan suka terlibat pada kegiatan yang melibatkan perencanaan dan analisis mendalam.

Perbedaan respon dopamin

Otak introvert dan ekstrovert juga menunjukkan perbedaan dalam merespon dopamin, senyawa otak yang mengatur emosi dan fungsi organ tubuh. Orang introvert menunjukkan level dopamin lebih rendah ketika mereka berada dalam keramaian sehingga mereka mudah merasa kelelahan dan tidak nyaman berlama-lama di keramaian.

Sebaliknya, orang ekstrovert menunjukkan level dopamin tinggi ketika berinteraksi dengan orang lain sehingga mereka lebih menikmati berada di engah banyak orang.

Baca Juga: Tips Meningkatkan Rasa Percaya Diri pada Remaja Pemalu

Bagaimana Mengetahui Seseorang Termasuk Introvert atau Ekstrovert?

Untuk mengetahui apakah Anda termasuk introvert atau ekstrovert bisa dilakukan melalui tes psikologi seperti Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) atau SAPA Project. Selain itu, Anda juga dapat mengenali perbedaan kepribadian introvert dan ekstrovert melalui tanda-tanda berikut:

  • Introvert
    • Lebih mudah konsentrasi di tempat yang tenang
    • Tipe reflektif
    • Sadar diri dan waspada
    • Butuh waktu lama dalam mengambil keputusan
    • Lebih suka menghabiskan waktu sendirian
    • Tidak suka bekerja dalam grup
    • Mudah lelah jika berada di keramaian
    • Memiliki banyak teman namun hanya sedikit yang menjadi teman dekat
    • Sering menggunakan imajinasi untuk mencari jalan keluar
  • Ekstrovert
    • Mudah berteman dengan orang baru
    • Lebih suka berada di keramaian dan menjadi pusat perhatuan
    • Tidak suka menghabiskan waktu sendirian
    • Lebih suka berdiskusi dan mengemukakan pendapatnya secara langsung
    • Lebih berani dan terbuka
    • Cenderung bersikap spontan

Faktanya, sebagian besar orang selalu berada di tengah-tengah antara kepribadian introvert dan ekstrovert. Sangat jarang orang yang memiliki satu kepribadian sangat dominan.

Kepribadian seseorang pun dapat berubah seiring berjalannya waktu dan pengaruh lingkungan sekitar. Orang yang awalnya merupakan seseorang yang introvert, namun karena pengaruh orang-orang di sekitarnya dapat berubah menjadi ekstrovert, begitu juga sebaliknya.

Bagi Anda yang membutuhkan konsultasi dan informasi seputar kesehatan, bisa memanfaatkan layanan aplikasi AiCare yang berbasis artificial intelligence.

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Ayu Munawaroh, MKK
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 22:53

WebMD. Introvert Personality. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/balance/introvert-personality-overview.

Medicine Net. How do You Tell If You'e an Introvert?. Available from: https://www.medicinenet.com/how_do_you_tell_if_you_are_an_introvert/article.htm.

Cherry, K. (2022). 8 Signs You’re an Introvert. Available from: https://www.verywellmind.com/signs-you-are-an-introvert-2795427

 

Cherry, K (2023). 5 Extrovert Personality Traits. Available from: https://www.verywellmind.com/signs-you-are-an-extrovert-2795426

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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