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  • Mengenal Trauma Bonding Penyebab Seseorang Sulit Lepas dari Hubungan Toksik

Mengenal Trauma Bonding Penyebab Seseorang Sulit Lepas dari Hubungan Toksik

Mengenal Trauma Bonding Penyebab Seseorang Sulit Lepas dari Hubungan Toksik
Ilustrasi trauma bonding. | Credit: Freepik

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Anda mungkin pernah mendengar cerita korban kekerasan dalam sebuah hubungan namun sulit untuk lepas dari pelaku kekerasan tersebut. Memang tidak mudah melepaskan diri dalam situasi tersebut. Jika Anda pernah mengalaminya, kondisi ini dikenal dengan istilah trauma bonding.

 

Apa Itu Trauma Bonding?

Dilansir dari Verywell Health, trauma bonding adalah situasi di mana seseorang terikat kuat dan tidak bisa melepaskan diri dari pasangannya meskipun ia telah mengalami kekerasan secara fisik, emosional atau seksual akibat pasangannya. Trauma bonding bukan hanya dapat terjadi pada hubungan antar pasangan, namun juga dapat dialami anak-anak yang pernah mengalami kekerasan.

Kondisi ini sering dianggap sebagai tindakan masokisme atau penganiayaan secara sadar, namun sebenarnya trauma bonding merupakan akibat dari persepsi yang salah mengenai arti hubungan yang sehat.

Baca Juga: Tanda Toxic Relationship, Ini Bahaya Gaslighting dalam Jangka Panjang

 

Tanda-Tanda Mengalami Trauma Bonding

Trauma bonding dapat terjadi ketika seseorang terus membangun ikatan dengan pelaku kekerasan pada dirinya. Kondisi ini biasanya disebabkan oleh anggapan yang salah mengenai hubungan yang sehat. Korban mulai merasakan simpati atau bahkan kasih sayang pada seseorang yang telah menyakitinya. Mereka juga bisa "mewajarkan" tindakan pelaku.

Tanda-tanda trauma bonding terkadang sulit dikenali dan diketahui alasannya. Namun beberapa tanda yang bisa digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi situasi ini antara lain: 

Siklus yang terus berulang

Amati kembali hubungan yang sedang Anda jalani. Pernahkah Anda mengalami kekerasan baik fisik, verbal maupun seksual dari pasangan lebih dari sekali? Lalu, apa yang dilakukan pasangan selanjutnya? Apakah pasangan tidak melakukan kekerasan lagi?

Normalnya, Anda akan lebih mudah untuk lepas dari hubungan yang tidak sehat atau penuh kekerasan. Namun pada trauma bonding hal ini sulit terjadi. Biasanya hal ini disebabkan oleh keyakinan Anda bahwa pasangan Anda akan memperbaiki sikapnya dengan sendirinya.

Pada hubungan yang tidak sehat, pelaku kekerasan bisa berjanji bahwa mereka akan berubah. Setelah pasangan melakukan kekerasan pada Anda, ia kemudian akan memperlakukan Anda dengan baik seperti memuji Anda, membawakan hadiah, dan menghujani Anda dengan berbagai perhatian lainnya (love bombing). Akibatnya Anda semakin sulit melepaskan diri. 

Siklus ini bisa terus berlanjut dan berulang, membuat korban sulit melepaskan diri dari hubungan yang tidak sehat. Sikap yang memperlihatkan bahwa mereka seolah merasa bersalah bisa membuat korban merasa bersyukur, hal ini terutama bisa terjadi karena korban sudah terbiasa menerima perlakuan yang buruk.

Baca Juga: Cara Menghadapi Pasangan yang Melakukan Gaslighting

Ketimpangan kuasa

Ketimpangan kuasa dalam hubungan ditandai dengan membiarkan pasangan dapat mengendalikan Anda sepenuhnya hingga Anda merasa tidak berdaya, sulit untuk melawan, membela dan melepaskan diri. 

Bahkan jika Anda berhasil meninggalkan hubungan tersebut, Anda mungkin mengalami kesulitan untuk memutuskan ikatan tersebut tanpa bantuan profesional. Anda mungkin merasa sulit untuk hidup tanpanya hingga akhirnya memilih untuk kembali lagi. Hal ini bisa terjadi karena siklus kekerasan yang sudah biasa terjadi dan Anda tidak tahu bagaimana hidup tanpanya.

Tanda-tanda penting lainnya

Selain kedua tanda di atas, beberapa tanda yang bisa menjadi penanda Anda berada dalam hubungan trauma bonding antara lain:

  • Anda merasa tidak bahagia dan mungkin tidak lagi mencintai pasangan Anda namun tetap memilih bertahan dan sulit mengakhiri hubungan
  • Ketika Anda mencoba mengakhiri hubungan dan pergi, Anda justru merasa tertekan secara fisik dan emosional
  • Anda terpaku pada momen indah yang sudah dilewati bersama dan menganggapnya sebagai bukti bahwa pasangan Anda mencintai Anda
  • Anda menekan kenangan buruk mengenai kekerasan yang dilakukan pasangan pada Anda
  • Anda mencoba melindungi pelaku kekerasan, misalnya rela membuat alasan dan membela perilakunya ketika orang lain mengungkapkan kekhawatirannya pada Anda
  • Anda terus mempercayai pelaku kekerasan dan berharap untuk dapat mengubahnya

Trauma bonding dapat bertahan lama, bahkan ketika pelecehan telah terjadi sejak lama. Anda mungkin merasa sulit untuk berhenti memikirkan pasangan yang telah menyakiti Anda sehingga enggan untuk membuka hati dengan orang yang baru. 

 

Jika Anda merasa mengalami trauma bonding sebaiknya bicarakan terlebih dahulu dengan pasangan atau psikolog. Selalu ingat bahwa apa pun yang terjadi, Anda tidak berhak disalahkan atas terjadinya kekerasan dalam hubungan. Bila membutuhkan bantuan konsultasi, Anda juga dapat memanfaatkan fitur konsultasi dalam aplikasi Ai Care yang dapat diunduh di ponsel Anda. 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 22 April 2024 | 04:38

Zoppi, L. (2023). What is trauma bonding?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/trauma-bonding

Porrey, M. (2023). How to Tell if You’re in a Trauma-Binding Relationship. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/trauma-bonding-5210779

Raypole, C., Rush, T. (2023). How to Recognize and Break Traumatic Bonds. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/trauma-bonding#signs

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.9msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 348 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 5795
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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