Tanda-Tanda Anda Membutuhkan Kolonoskopi (Colonoscopy)

Tanda-Tanda Anda Membutuhkan Kolonoskopi (Colonoscopy)
Ilustrasi prosedur medis. Credits: Freepik.

Bagikan :


Kolonoskopi adalah prosedur medis yang digunakan untuk memeriksa usus besar dan rektum. Pemeriksaan pencitraan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat yang disebut kolonoskop, yaitu selang panjang dan fleksibel yang dilengkapi dengan kamera video di ujungnya.

Kolonoskopi biasanya dilakukan sebagai skrining kanker usus besar atau mendiagnosis gejala terkait perubahan dalam kebiasaan buang air besar, perdarahan rektum atau nyeri perut. Apabila selama pemeriksaan ditemukan suatu jaringan abnormal misalnya polip, maka dokter bisa mengangkat polip tersebut dan merekomendasikan tindakan selanjutnya.

 

Manfaat Prosedur Kolonoskopi

Kolonoskopi umumnya direkomendasikan oleh dokter untuk mengatasi beberapa kondisi kesehatan, di antaranya:

Membantu diagnosis gangguan pencernaan

Kolonoskopi sering digunakan pada masalah pencernaan yang dicurigai perlu pemeriksaan lebih lanjut. Pasien dengan kondisi sakit perut persisten, perdarahan dari dubur, diare kronis, penurunan berat badan atau gejala-gejala lain yang tidak jelas penyebabnya bisa disarankan untuk melakukan kolonoskopi.

Kolonoskopi membantu memperlihatkan gambaran usus besar dan mengetahui bila ada kondisi yang mencurigakan pada usus besar, seperti adanya massa abnormal. 

 

Skrining kanker usus besar

Usia lanjut adalah salah satu faktor risiko dari kanker usus besar. Bagi lansia atau orang-orang dengan faktor risiko kanker usus besar, disarankan untuk melakukan skrining dengan kolonoskopi. Pada orang lanjut usia tanpa faktor risiko, kolonoskopi bisa dilakukan setiap 10 tahun sekali.

Baca Juga: Jenis-Jenis Polip Usus, Diagnosis dan Penanganannya

 

Mencari polip di usus

Apabila seseorang memiliki riwayat pernah mengalami polip, maka risiko polip untuk muncul kembali di kemudian hari sangat tinggi. Biasanya kolonoskopi dilakukan untuk mencari adanya polip lain yang tumbuh di area lain. Apabila ditemukan polip, maka jaringan polip akan diangkat untuk mencegah jaringan berkembang menjadi ganas atau menyebar ke bagian lain.

 

Menangani masalah lain di usus

Selain sebagai skrining dan diagnosis gejala, kolonoskopi juga bisa membantu dalam prosedur terapi yang dilakukan di usus besar, di antaranya:

  1. Mengangkat jaringan abnormal atau benda asing yang terjebak di usus besar
  2. Memasang stent di usus besar untuk membuka penyempitan usus yang tersumbat
  3. Memberi terapi laser pada jaringan 

 

Tanda-Tanda Anda Membutuhkan Kolonoskopi

Kolonoskopi biasanya direkomendasikan apabila Anda memiliki beberapa gejala terkait pencernaan yang sudah lama dirasakan atau tidak diketahui dengan jelas sebabnya, di antaranya:

  • Adanya cairan atau darah yang keluar dari anus
  • Perubahan kebiasaan buang air besar seperti diare atau sembelit
  • Nyeri perut terus-menerus 
  • Penurunan berat badan yang tidak diketahui penyebabnya

Baca Juga: Tanda-Tanda Sakit Perut Akibat Usus Buntu

Secara umum, kolonoskopi adalah prosedur yang aman dilakukan. Prosedur ini biasanya memakan waktu sekitar 30-45 menit saja. Walaupun demikian, ada beberapa risiko yang mungkin terjadi selama prosedur yaitu reaksi dari obat bius, perdarahan saat pengambilan sampel jaringan, perdarahan saat pengangkatan polip atau robeknya dinding usus besar atau rektum.

Apabila Anda merasa khawatir akan keberhasilan prosedur kolonoskopi dan risikonya, Anda bisa berkonsultasi dan berdiskusi terlebih dahulu dengan dokter atau memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Selasa, 12 Desember 2023 | 07:05

WebMD (2022). Colonoscopy. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/colorectal-cancer/colonoscopy-what-you-need-to-know 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Colonoscopy. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/4949-colonoscopy 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Colonoscopy. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/colonoscopy/about/pac-20393569 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Diverticulitis. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diverticulitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20371758 

Medline Plus (2022). Colorectal Cancer. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/colorectalcancer.html 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Colon Polyps. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15370-colon-polyps 

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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