Tanda-Tanda Jika Alergi Terhadap Udara Dingin

Tanda-Tanda Jika Alergi Terhadap Udara Dingin
Credits: Freepik

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Alergi dapat terjadi ketika sistem kekebalan tubuh Anda salah mengenali suatu zat yang memasuki tubuh sebagai hal yang berbahaya. Tubuh kemudian menghasilkan antibodi dan senyawa lainnya sehingga ketika tubuh bersentuhan dengan alergen, maka sistem kekebalan tubuh akan membuat kulit, sinus, saluran udara atau sistem pencernaan meradang.

 

Mengenal Alergi Dingin

Salah satu jenis alergi yang cukup banyak dialami adalah alergi udara dingin. Salah satu ciri khas alergi terhadap udara dingin adalah gatal-gatal dan munculnya benjolan merah pada kulit yang disebut urtikaria dingin.

Seperti jenis alergi lainnya, urtikaria dingin bisa berkembang menjadi gejala yang lebih buruk sehingga menyebabkan kesulitan bernapas, pembengkakan di tenggorokan, anafilaksis, pingsan, turunnya tekanan darah hingga syok.

Untuk itu, mereka yang alergi terhadap dingin disarankan untuk menghindari paparan udara yang terlalu dingin atau mengonsumsi obat tertentu saat harus terpapar udara dingin.

Baca Juga: Hati-Hati, Jenis Bunga Ini Dapat Menyebabkan Alergi

 

Tanda-Tanda Alergi Udara Dingin

Anda mungkin alergi terhadap dingin apabila mengalami beberapa gejala, baik gejala ringan maupun yang lebih berat.

Gejala ringan alergi dingin, di antaranya:

  • Munculnya bintik-bintik kemerahan di area kulit yang terpapar hawa dingin
  • Memburuknya reaksi saat kulit menghangat
  • Pembengkakan tangan saat memegang benda dingin
  • Demam
  • Sakit kepala
  • Nyeri sendi
  • Kelelahan
  • Kecemasan
  • Pembengkakan bibir saat mengonsumsi makanan atau minuman dingin

Gejala berat yang dapat berkembang karena reaksi alergi di antaranya:

  • Anafilaksis
  • Mengi atau kesulitan bernapas
  • Pembengkakan di lidah atau tenggorokan
  • Palpitasi jantung (jantung berdebar-debar)
  • Tekanan darah turun
  • Pingsan
  • Syok

Baca Juga: Anafilaksis, Reaksi Alergi yang Kerap Membahayakan Jiwa

 

Perlukah ke Dokter bila Ada Tanda Alergi Dingin?

Anda mungkin perlu mengunjungi dokter bila menyadari adanya tanda-tanda alergi dingin. Dokter bisa membantu memastikan apakah gejala yang Anda alami memang disebabkan oleh alergi dingin atau tidak.

Pemeriksaan diperlukan karena urtikaria juga mungkin disebabkan oleh penyakit lain seperti:

  • Chilblains, pembengkakan kulit sebagai reaksi pembuluh darah tubuh terhadap udara dingin
  • Penyakit Raynaud
  • Penyakit aglutinin dingin, tubuh menyerang sel darah merah sebagai respons terhadap penurunan suhu tubuh
  • Hemoglobinuria dingin paroksismal, jenis anemia yang langka di mana antibodi menyerang sel darah merah sehat

Setelah mendapatkan pemeriksaan, dokter akan merekomendasikan pengobatan yang sesuai dengan kondisi Anda. Apabila urtikaria disebabkan oleh alergi dingin, dokter mungkin meresepkan antihistamin untuk membantu mengelola gejalanya dan mengatasi ruam di kulit Anda.

Anda juga mungkin perlu menghindari makanan atau minuman yang terlalu dingin, menghindari olahraga yang berisiko terpapar udara dingin, menghindari tugas-tugas yang berkaitan dengan udara dingin seperti defrosting (mencairkan es) atau tugas rumah tangga yang menyebabkan Anda harus terlibat lama dengan air.

Selain itu, siapkan jaket, sarung tangan, pakaian yang lebih hangat saat cuaca sedang dingin, mandi air hangat, minum atau makan minuman dan makanan yang hangat untuk mencegah gejala alergi muncul kembali. Bila memiliki pertanyaan lebih jauh terkait alergi dingin, Anda bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi dengan dokter melalui aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh di App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Jumat, 8 Desember 2023 | 04:01

Natalie Silver (2019). Can You Be Allergic to the Cold?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/cold-allergy 

Mount Sinai. Types of Allergies. Available from: https://www.mountsinai.org/care/allergy-immunology/allergy-types 

Cyrus Wahome (2022). What Is Cold Urticaria?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/what-is-cold-urticaria 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Allergies. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/allergies/symptoms-causes/syc-20351497 

Mayo Clinic (2021). Cold urticaria. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cold-urticaria/symptoms-causes/syc-20371046 

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    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 10155 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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