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  • Selain Berdiri Terlalu Lama, Ketahui Penyebab dan Faktor Risiko Varises

Selain Berdiri Terlalu Lama, Ketahui Penyebab dan Faktor Risiko Varises

Selain Berdiri Terlalu Lama, Ketahui Penyebab dan Faktor Risiko Varises

Bagikan :


Orang-orang yang memiliki kebiasaan beraktivitas dengan berdiri dalam waktu lama berisiko mengalami varises. Hal ini dibenarkan para ahli. Varises adalah vena yang terpuntir dan membesar, bisa terlihat pada kulit, di mana vena yang paling sering terkena adalah vena di kaki.

Varises merupakan kondisi yang umum terjadi dan dapat menyebabkan rasa sakit serta tidak nyaman. Bila meradang, area tempat vena membengkak bisa terasa nyeri saat ditekan dan sirkulasi darah vena bisa terhambat. Hal ini bisa menimbulkan gejala seperti kaki yang bengkak, sampai terbentuk gumpalan darah.

 

Penyebab varises

Arteri bertugas membawa darah yang mengandung banyak oksigen dari jantung ke seluruh jaringan, sedangkan vena mengembalikan darah dari seluruh tubuh ke jantung sehingga darah dapat membawakan kembali oksigen ke seluruh jaringan tubuh. Untuk mengembalikan darah ke jantung, pembuluh darah di vena kaki harus bekerja melawan gravitasi.

Dibantu dengan kontraksi otot di kaki bagian bawah yang bertindak sebagai pompa, vena mengantarkan darah kembali ke jantung. Pada vena terdapat katup kecil untuk mencegah darah yang sudah naik menuju jantung untuk kembali ke kaki. Jika katup ini melemah atau rusak, darah dapat mengalir ke bawah dan berkumpul di vena, menyebabkan vena membengkak atau terpuntir dan terbentuklah varises.

 

Faktor risiko

Ada beberapa faktor yang berisiko menyebabkan terbentuknya varises, di antaranya:

Usia

Seiring bertambahnya usia, maka katup di pembuluh darah yang membantu mencegah aliran darah balik dapat mengalami penurunan fungsi dan cedera. Hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan katup tidak berfungsi dengan optimal dan membiarkan sebagian darah mengalir balik dan tidak menuju jantung.

Jenis kelamin

Wanita cenderung lebih mungkin mengembangkan varises dibandingkan pria. Perubahan hormon selama kehamilan atau menopause menjadi faktor utama karena hormon yang dapat merelaksasikan dinding vena. Terapi hormon atau pil KB juga dapat meningkatkan risiko varises.

Kehamilan

Selama hamil, volume darah di dalam tubuh akan meningkat. Di satu sisi, perubahan ini mendukung pertumbuhan janin di dalam perut, namun juga menghasilkan efek samping tidak menguntungkan seperti pembesaran pembuluh darah di kaki.

Faktor genetik

Apabila ada anggota keluarga lain yang menderita varises, maka kemungkinan Anda mengalami varises lebih besar.

Kegemukan

Kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas memberi tekanan tambahan pada pembuluh darah. Terutama apabila Anda berdiri atau duduk dalam waktu lama, darah tidak akan mengalir dengan baik, sehingga risiko terbentuknya varises akan meningkat.

 

Apabila saat ini Anda sering mengalami nyeri di kaki dengan pembuluh darah yang menonjol, Anda dapat melakukan memeriksakan diri ke dokter. Untuk mendiagnosis varises, dokter akan melakukan pemeriksaan fisik, termasuk melihat kaki Anda saat berdiri dan memeriksa pembengkakannya. Anda mungkin juga memerlukan tes USG untuk melihat apakah katup di pembuluh darah Anda masih berfungsi normal atau tidak.

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Jumat, 14 April 2023 | 15:24

Brazier, Y. (2022). How to treat, what causes, and how painful are varicose, or spider, veins?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/240129

WebMD (2021). Understanding Varicose Veins: The Basics. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-varicose-veins-basics

Medline Plus (2022). Varicose Veins. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/varicoseveins.html

Mayo Clinic (2021). Varicose veins. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/varicose-veins/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350649

Gabbey, A. (2019). Varicose Veins. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/varicose-veins

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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