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  • Bukan Hanya Melalui Droplet, Begini Penularan Campak yang Perlu Diwaspadai

Bukan Hanya Melalui Droplet, Begini Penularan Campak yang Perlu Diwaspadai

Bukan Hanya Melalui Droplet, Begini Penularan Campak yang Perlu Diwaspadai
Ilustrasi anak mengalami demam akibat campak. Credit: Freepik

Bagikan :


Penyakit campak adalah salah satu jenis penyakit yang dapat dialami anak-anak dan dewasa. Sering kali penyakit campak dianggap sama dengan infeksi virus lainnya, padahal penyakit ini sangat mudah menular dan dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius jika tidak ditangani dengan tepat.

Seperti apa penularan dan pencegahan campak? Simak ulasannya berikut ini

 

Apa Itu Campak?

Campak adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dan bersifat sangat menular. Gejala campak umumnya baru muncul 8-12 hari setelah terpapar virus. Gejala campak dapat berlangsung selama 10-14 hari.

Penyakit campak ditandai dengan demam tinggi, badan terasa lelah, hidung berair dan munculnya ruam. Selain gejala di atas, beberapa gejala yang mungkin muncul antara lain sakit tenggorokan, muncul bercak putih di mulut, nyeri otot dan sensitivitas pada cahaya.

Orang yang terinfeksi campak umumnya diawali dengan demam sedang hingga tinggi, diiringi dengan batuk, hidung berair, mata merah dan nyeri tenggorokan. Gejala ini akan bertahan selama 2-3 hari lalu muncul ruam merah.

Orang yang terinfeksi campak sebaiknya membatasi kontak dengan orang lain karena dapat menularkan virus campak, baik sebelum ataupun sesudah ruam campak muncul.

Baca Juga: Mudah Menular, Kenali Penyebab dan Gejala Penyakit Campak

 

Bagaimana Penularan Penyakit Campak?

Penyakit campak adalah salah satu penyakit yang paling mudah menular. Menurut CDC, hampir 90% orang yang berada di sekitar orang yang terinfeksi campak akan mudah tertular. Dari satu orang yang terinfeksi campak, ia dapat menularkan virus campak hingga ke 12-18 orang di sekitarnya.

Pengidap campak dapat menularkan campak selama 8 hari, mulai dari 4 hari sebelum gejala ruam muncul hingga 4 hari berikutnya setelah ruam tampak di kulit.

Beberapa cara penularan campak antara lain:

Penyebaran percikan air liur di udara

Campak sangat mudah menular melalui percikan air liur saat penderita mengalami batuk dan bersin. Selain itu, virus campak juga dapat menular melalui udara yang terkontaminasi.

Campak juga dapat mudah menular pada bayi dan anak-anak. Untuk itu, jika dalam anggota keluarga Anda terdapat seseorang yang terinfeksi campak sebaiknya jauhkan anak-anak dari pasien campak tersebut.

Kontak langsung dengan pengidap campak

Sebagian besar pengidap campak mengalami batuk-batuk, bersin dan nyeri tenggorokan. Jika ada pengidap campak di sekitar Anda, sebaiknya batasi kontak langsung secara fisik dengan pengidap campak termasuk bersalaman dan memeluk.

Apabila seorang ibu terkena virus campak sebaiknya membatasi kontak langsung dengan anak sejak sebelum muncul ruam hingga 4 hari munculnya ruam. Jika ibu sedang menyusui, sebaiknya konsultasikan terlebih dahulu dengan dokter apakah ibu boleh menyusui si kecil atau justru berisiko.

Menyentuh benda yang terkontaminasi virus

Virus campak dapat bertahan di luar tubuh hingga 2 jam. Artinya, virus campak dapat menempel pada perabotan seperti meja, gagang pintu, ponsel, dan benda yang sering disentuh oleh pasien campak.

Untuk mencegah tertular virus, sebaiknya hindari penggunaan alat makan secara bergantian dan menyentuh barang-barang yang berada di sekitar pengidap campak.

Baca Juga: Kenali Gejala dan Penanganan Penyakit Campak pada Bayi

 

Campak adalah penyakit yang disebabkan okeh infeksi virus. Sebagai langkah pencegahan, Anda dapat menerapkan kebiasaan sehat mencuci tangan dengan sabun dan air mengalir. Selain itu, berikan vaksin pada anak-anak Anda untuk mencegah keparahan jika terinfeksi campak.

Apabila Anda hendak bepergian ke luar negeri, sebaiknya lakukan vaksinasi campak terlebih dahulu terutama jika negara tujuan Anda adalah negara endemi campak. Konsultasikan dengan dokter mengenai pilihan vaksinasi campak yang tersedia dan segera periksakan ke dokter jika Anda mengalami gejala campak. 

Anda juga dapat memanfaatkan fitur konsultasi bersama dokter dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care di Playstore atau Appstore. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Jumat, 4 Agustus 2023 | 04:25

WebMD Editorial Contributors. Measles. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/children/vaccines/what-is-measles

CDC. Top 4 Things Parents Need to Know about Measles. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/measles/about/parents-top4.html

CDC. Transmission of Measles. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/measles/transmission.html#

Mayo Clinic. Measles. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/measles/symptoms-causes/syc-20374857

ECDC. Factsheet About Measles. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/measles/facts

Kids Health. Measles. Available from: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/measles.html

 

Cleveland Clinic. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8584-measles

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.04msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2303 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.78msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5141 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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