Berbahayakah Mysophobia, Ketakutan Berlebih pada Kuman?

Berbahayakah Mysophobia, Ketakutan Berlebih pada Kuman?
Ilustrasi penderita mysophobia sedang mencuci tangan. Credit: Freepik

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Menyentuh benda-benda kotor memang terasa menjijikkan. Meski tidak terlihat oleh mata telanjang, namun benda kotor mengandung berbagai kuman yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit.

Merasa jijik terhadap kuman adalah hal yang wajar, namun bagaimana jika rasa jijik ini berkembang menjadi phobia pada kuman (mysophobia)? Simak ulasan mengenai mysophobia berikut ini.

 

Apa Itu Mysophobia?

Mysophobia juga dikenal dengan beberapa nama lainnya, seperti germaphobia, germophobia, verminiophobia, bacteriophobia atau bacillophobia. Mysophobia dapat diartikan sebagai ketakutan berlebihan pada kontaminasi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri, kotoran, debu, dan kuman. Singkatnya, mysophobia adalah fobia kuman atau fobia kotor.

Merasa jijik pada kuman dan hal kotor lainnya adalah hal yang wajar. Namun pada pengidap mysophobia, ia akan melakukan berbagai cara untuk menghindari kontak fisik dengan benda-benda di sekitarnya demi menghindari kontaminasi.

Misalnya, seseorang akan menghindari memencet tombol lift, menghindari berjabat tangan, hingga menghindari makanan yang menurutnya kotor dan dapat menyebabkan penyakit. Kondisi ini terkadang mengganggu aktivitas pengidapnya karena sulit untuk mengendalikan perilaku dan pikiran.

Baca Juga: Mengenal Penyebab Fobia Ketinggian (Acrophobia) dan Cara Mengatasinya

 

Gejala Mengidap Mysophobia

Jika Anda mengidap mysophobia, Anda akan merasakah kekhawatiran terus-menerus mengenai kuman. Misalnya, Anda akan menghindari debu dan kotoran lain yang menurut Anda mengandung banyak kuman, menghindari makanan yang terkontaminasi, menghindari menyentuh barang dan permukaan lain yang tidak diketahui apakah benar-benar bersih atau tidak.

Beberapa gejala mysophobia lainnya yang sering muncul antara lain:

  • Muncul rasa cemas takut terpapar kuman
  • Menghindari lokasi, orang, situasi dan lokasi yang banyak mengandung kuman
  • Merasa tidak nyaman, cemas, dada sesak, berkeringat dan menangis jika berada di tempat kotor

Beberapa perilaku yang menunjukkan tanda mysophobia di antaranya:

  • Mencuci tangan secara berlebihan
  • Menggunakan tisu atau sarung tangan sebelum menyentuh barang-barang di luar ruang pribadi Anda
  • Menggunakan produk pembersih secara berlebihan
  • Membawa produk sanitasi sendiri untuk penggunaan pribadi 
  • Menghindari menyentuh dan menggunakan benda publik seperti gagang pintu toilet umum
  • Meyakini bahwa hanya rumah Anda tempat yang aman dan bebas kuman
  • Menghindari berbagi makanan atau minuman (termasuk prasmanan atau gerai makanan dan minuman di supermarket)
  • Tidak mampu menggunakan transportasi umum
  • Mandi beberapa kali sehari
  • Menganggap orang asing selalu penuh dengan kuman sedangkan diri sendiri selalu bersih

Tidak ada gejala atau panduan perilaku yang dapat mengindikasikan mysophobia. Bagaimana ketakutan pada kuman dapat mengontrol kehidupan Anda dapat ditunjukkan dengan perilaku yang berbeda-beda bagi setiap orang.

Baca Juga: Jenis-Jenis Terapi untuk Mengatasi Fobia

 

Berbahayakah Mysophobia?

Mysophobia sering disamakan dengan OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder), namun sebenarnya mysophobia dan OCD adalah hal yang berbeda. Mysophobia merupakan ketakutan pada kuman yang sering kali tidak beralasan, hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh kondisi yang memang kotor atau penyebab lainnya.

Sedangkan OCD merupakan gangguan kesehatan mental dimana seseorang perlu melakukan sesuatu berulang kali karena pola pikir tertentu. Jika pengidap OCD tidak memenuhi perilaku kompulsif tersebut, ia akan merasakan kecemasan lainnya.

Dengan mysophobia, seseorang akan terus hidup dibayangi rasa takut terhadap kuman. Orang dengan ketakutan ini akan menghindari semua aktivitas yang mengakibatkan kontaminasi termasuk makan di restoran, menggunakan kamar mandi umum, pergi ke tempat wisata, bersosialisasi bersama teman-teman hingga berhubungan seks.

Ketakutan pada kuman ini juga memicu perilaku kompulsif seperti mandi atau berulang kali mencuci tangan. Meskipun tindakan ini memang dapat mengurangi risiko kontaminasi, namun tindakan ini dapat mengalihkan fokus seseorang pada hal yang seharusnya. 

Meskipun tidak memiliki dampak berbahaya secara fisik, namun mysophobia dapat menyebabkan gangguan dalam hubungan sosial dan kejiwaan seseorang. Ketakutan berlebihan dapat memicu gangguan kecemasan yang membatasi kehidupan sosial penderitanya. 

Bagi Anda yang mengalami ketakutan pada kuman berlebihan, sebaiknya konsultasikan kondisi tersebut ke psikolog atau psikiater. Dokter dapat merekomendasikan pengobatan untuk mengatasi kecemasan atau terapi untuk meredakan ketakutan tersebut.

Anda juga dapat berkonsultasi bersama dokter menggunakan aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diundih di Play Store atau App Store. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Rabu, 23 Agustus 2023 | 06:43

Cleveland Clinic. Mysophobia. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22436-mysophobia-germophobia#

Guo, L. (2019). Mysophobia. Available from: https://www.osmosis.org/answers/mysophobia

Smit, K. (2019). Mysophobia (Germophobia): The Fear of Germs. Available from: https://www.psycom.net/mysophobia-germophobia

 

Gillette, H. (2022). Fear of Dirt, Germs, and Contamination: Mysophobia Explained. Available from: https://psychcentral.com/health/mysophobia-germophobia

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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.14msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9330 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9330
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 3654
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8357
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.02msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9350 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9350
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 10123
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8949
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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