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  • Bukan Hanya Batuk, Kenali Gejala Bronkitis pada Dewasa dan Anak-Anak

Bukan Hanya Batuk, Kenali Gejala Bronkitis pada Dewasa dan Anak-Anak

Bukan Hanya Batuk, Kenali Gejala Bronkitis pada Dewasa dan Anak-Anak

Bagikan :


Batuk dapat menjadi gejala umum berbagai penyakit. Hal ini kadang membuat penanganan pada penyebab batuk tidak tepat sasaran. Salah satu penyebab batuk adalah bronkitis. Agar bronkitis dapat ditangani dengan tepat, penting untuk mengenali gejala bronkitis termasuk gejala bronkitis pada anak-anak.

 

Apa itu bronkitis?

Bronkitis adalah peradangan yang terjadi pada saluran bronkus, yaitu saluran yang menghubungkan tenggorokan ke paru-paru. Akibatnya, terjadi penumpukan lendir di area bronkus dan memicu batuk terus-menerus. Selain batuk, kondisi ini juga dapat disertai sesak napas dan demam.

Bronkitis dapat bersifat akut yang sembuh dalam beberapa hari atau minggu, namun juga bisa bersifat kronis yang berlangsung menahun.

 

Gejala bronkitis yang perlu diketahui

Beberapa gejala bronkitis mirip dengan gejala flu, yaitu bersin-bersin, demam, nyeri otot, meriang, sakit tenggorokan, pilek dan badan mudah terasa lelah. Setelah infeksi awal, Anda mungkin akan mengalami batuk kering yang lama-kelamaan berkembang menjadi batuk berdahak. Batuk berdahak dan sering adalah salah satu gejala yang umum terjadi pada penderita bronkitis. Kondisi ini dapat berlangsung mulai dari 10 hari hingga 3 minggu.

Pada batuk berdahak, kadang juga disertai perubahan warna dahak mulai dari putih yang berubah menjadi hijau atau kuning. Hal ini bukan pertanda infeksi semakin parah namun tanda bahwa sistem kekebalan sedang bekerja.

Pada anak, gejala bronkitis umumnya sama dengan gejala pada dewasa. Namun pada anak umumnya diiringi demam yang tidak kunjung mereda, badan lemas dan susah tidur. Selain itu anak mungkin mengalami batuk berdarah dan batuk yang berlangsung lebih dari 3 minggu.

Bronkitis pada anak bisa disebabkan oleh virus, bakteri, paparan zat iritan seperti asap rokok, polusi udara, debu dan gas kimia. Anak yang memiliki riwayat penyakit asma dan alergi juga dapat mengalami bronkitis kronis.

 

Cara mendiagnosis bronkitis

Untuk melakukan pemeriksaan bronkitis, dokter umumnya akan melakukan pemeriksaan fisik untuk memeriksa gejala lainnya seperti mengi dan memeriksa batuk yang berlendir. Jika diperlukan, dokter akan meminta Anda untuk melakukan rontgen dada untuk memeriksa kemungkinan menderita pneumonia.

 

Penanganan bronkitis

Penanganan bronkitis dapat dilakukan sesuai dengan penyebabnya. Umumnya bronkitis dapat diatasi dengan antibiotik, antivirus atau obat-obatan antijamur. Selain itu untuk perawatan rumahan, pasien umumnya disarankan untuk minum banyak air putih, banyak istirahat dan mandi air hangat untuk meredakan produksi lendir.

 

Writer: Ratih

Edited by: dr. Anita Larasati Priyono

Last updated: 8-July-2021

 

Sumber:

  1. Marks J, Weatherspoon D. What Are the Symptoms of Bronchitis?. Healthline. 2018. https://www.healthline.com/health/bronchitis-symptoms 
  2. Davis CP. Balentine JR. Acute Bronchitis. 2021. https://www.medicinenet.com/bronchitis_acute/article.htm
  3. Kinkade S, Long NA. Acute Bronchitis. Am Fam Physician. 2016 Oct 1;94(7):560-565. PMID: 27929206.
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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