Begini Cara Mencegah Pneumonia saat Berlibur

Begini Cara Mencegah Pneumonia saat Berlibur
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Kasus pneumonia saat ini makin banyak dilaporkan di berbagai belahan dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Bertepatan dengan datangnya musim hujan dan momen liburan, tentunya Anda juga perlu lebih berhati-hati agar tidak tertular pneumonia.

Pneumonia adalah infeksi paru-paru yang disebabkan oleh virus atau bakteri. Infeksi ini bisa menyerang siapa saja baik anak-anak, orang dewasa maupun orang lanjut usia.

 

Tanda dan Gejala Pneumonia

Gejala pneumonia bisa bervariasi, tergantung pada usia, kondisi kesehatan yang dimiliki, keparahan infeksi dan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Secara umum, tanda dan gejala pneumonia adalah sebagai berikut:

  • Pernapasan cepat
  • Kesulitan bernapas
  • Demam
  • Perasaan tidak sehat
  • Kehilangan selera makan
  • Sakit perut
  • Sakit kepala
  • Nyeri dada
  • Batuk
  • Kulit berwarna biru di sekitar mulut (sianosis) akibat kekurangan oksigen

 

Baca Juga: Tak Hanya Demam, Ini Gejala Pneumonia di China yang Perlu Anda Ketahui

 

Cara Mencegah Pneumonia saat Berlibur

Pneumonia bisa menular melalui udara maupun kontak langsung. Untuk itu, agar liburan Anda tetap menyenangkan dan terhindar dari risiko infeksi pneumonia, berikut adalah beberapa langkah yang bisa dilakukan:

Menggunakan masker

Pneumonia bisa menyebar melalui droplets orang yang terinfeksi saat mereka berbicara, batuk, bersin atau tertawa. Masker menjadi alat yang efektif untuk mengurangi risiko penularan penyakit ini dengan mencegah droplets menyebar ke lingkungan sekitar.

Penting untuk diingat bahwa masker bukanlah langkah tunggal untuk mencegah penularan pneumonia. Anda tetap perlu mengombinasikannya dengan praktik hidup sehat lain seperti mencuci tangan secara teratur, menjaga jarak fisik, mendapatkan vaksin yang direkomendasikan dan mengikuti pedoman kesehatan lain yang disarankan.

Menghindari orang yang sedang sakit

Hindari kontak dengan orang yang sedang sakit, khususnya saat mereka batuk atau bersin. Selalu jaga kebersihan tangan sebelum makan, setelah memegang benda-benda umum seperti pegangan pintu, meja atau pegangan tangga.

Mendapatkan vaksinasi

Vaksin pneumonia dapat membantu menurunkan risiko terkena penyakit ini dan mengurangi keparahan gejala ketika terinfeksi.

Orang lanjut usia, memiliki kesehatan kronis, orang yang memiliki sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah sebaiknya mendapatkan vaksinasi pneumonia.

 

Baca Juga: Beragam Jenis Vaksin untuk Mencegah Pneumonia

 

Mengurangi paparan iritan

Jaga kesehatan paru-paru Anda dengan menghindari paparan iritan seperti asap rokok, asap pembakaran, asap kendaraan bermotor, asap industri yang dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit pernapasan.

Jauhi pula keramaian terutama di masa-masa di mana kasus pneumonia atau penyakit menular lain sedang tinggi.

Menjaga kebersihan mulut

Kesehatan mulut yang buruk dapat berdampak pada kesehatan paru-paru. Plak gigi yang dapat menumpuk di sekitar gigi dan gusi mengandung banyak bakteri. Apabila plak tidak dihilangkan secara teratur, bakteri dapat berkembang biak dan menyebabkan masalah kesehatan mulut serta meningkatkan risiko kesehatan di paru-paru.

Beristirahat cukup saat sedang flu

Flu dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena pneumonia terutama pada orang dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah atau memiliki kondisi medis tertentu. Apabila Anda sedang dalam pemulihan flu atau pilek yang parah sebaiknya Anda memberikan waktu tubuh untuk pulih dengan beristirahat yang cukup.

Anda juga perlu memperbanyak asupan cairan untuk membantu menjaga tubuh tetap terhidrasi dan membantu mengencerkan lendir di saluran pernapasan. Selain itu, konsumsi vitamin C dan seng yang dapat membantu meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh.

Segera periksakan diri ke dokter apabila Anda memiliki gejala pilek atau flu yang memburuk, adanya tanda infeksi pada paru-paru seperti sesak napas, demam tinggi dan nyeri dada yang tajam.

Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App store atau Play Store.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Selasa, 5 Desember 2023 | 04:16

American Lung Association (2023). Keep Your Lungs Happy during Holiday Travel. Available from: https://www.lung.org/blog/holiday-travel 

Better Health Channel. Pneumonia. Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/pneumonia 

Zawn Villines (2023). Is pneumonia contagious?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319581 

Taylyn Washington-Harmon (2023). 5 Benefits of Wearing a Mask (Besides COVID). Available from: https://www.health.com/condition/infectious-diseases/coronavirus/why-you-should-wear-a-mask 

CDC (2023). Pneumococcal Vaccination: What Everyone Should Know. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/pneumo/public/index.html 

Kelli Miller (2022). Do I Need a Pneumonia Vaccine?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/lung/pneumococcal-vaccine-schedule 

American Thoracic Society (2019). Dental Health and Lung Disease. Available from: https://www.thoracic.org/patients/patient-resources/resources/dental-health.pdf 

Rachel Zimlich, RN, BSN (2021). 5 Tips for Preventing Pneumonia. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-prevent-pneumonia 

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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