Apa itu Penyakit Graves dan Gejalanya

Apa itu Penyakit Graves dan Gejalanya
Ilustrasi penyakit Graves. Credits: Freepik

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Penyakit Graves bukan penyakit yang umum dialami banyak orang. Penyakit ini termasuk penyakit autoimun yang memengaruhi kelenjar tiroid. Seperti apakah penyakit Graves memengaruhi tubuh dan bagaimana gejalanya? Simak dalam ulasan berikut.

 

Apa itu Penyakit Graves?

Penyakit Graves adalah gangguan autoimun yang memengaruhi kelenjar tiroid. Pada orang dengan penyakit ini, sistem kekebalan tubuh menyerang kelenjar tiroid dan menyebabkan produksi hormon tiroid yang berlebihan, atau yang juga dikenal sebagai hipertiroidisme.

Penyebab pasti penyakit Graves belum sepenuhnya diketahui. Diyakini bahwa faktor genetik dan lingkungan berperan besar dalam terjadinya penyakit ini.

Memiliki anggota keluarga dengan penyakit Graves atau gangguan autoimun lainnya dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit Graves. Wanita juga lebih rentan terhadap penyakit Graves dibandingkan pria. Hal ini karena wanita memiliki kadar estrogen yang tinggi, yang dapat memengaruhi sistem kekebalan tubuh dan meningkatkan risiko gangguan autoimun.

Baca Juga: Daftar Penyakit yang Disebabkan Oleh Kondisi Autoimun

 

Gejala Penyakit Graves

Penyakit Graves bisa memengaruhi banyak aspek kesehatan seseorang. Gejala yang dialami juga bisa bervariasi, di antaranya:

  • Merasa gugup dan mudah marah
  • Gemetar atau tremor pada tangan atau jari
  • Sensitif terhadap panas sehingga lebih banyak berkeringat
  • Penurunan berat badan tiba-tiba
  • Mengalami perubahan siklus menstruasi
  • Pembesaran kelenjar tiroid atau gondok
  • Tidak bisa mempertahankan ereksi atau berkurangnya gairah seksual
  • Sering buang air besar
  • Mata tampak menonjol keluar 
  • Mudah merasa lelah
  • Detak jantung yang cepat (takikardia)
  • Kesulitan untuk tidur nyenyak

 

Pengobatan Penyakit Graves

Karena penyakit Graves merupakan penyakit kronis dan berlangsung seumur hidup, maka pengobatan harus diberikan secara terus-menerus. Pengelolaan gejala perlu dilakukan untuk mengendalikan produksi hormon tiroid yang berlebihan dan mengatasi gejala yang dialami.

Adapun pengobatan yang diberikan untuk mengelola gejala penyakit Graves di antaranya:

  • Obat antitiroid yang berfungsi mengurangi produksi hormon tiroid.
  • Terapi iodine radioaktif yang membantu mengurangi produksi hormon tiroid.
  • Obat untuk mengatasi gejala seperti jantung berdebar, tremor, dan kecemasan.
  • Pengangkatan sebagian atau seluruh kelenjar tiroid terutama bila pengobatan lain tidak efektif dan ada komplikasi yang terjadi.
  • Pengobatan mata khususnya bila terjadi peradangan dan gejala mata menonjol.

Baca Juga: Mengapa Perempuan Cenderung Mengalami Penyakit Autoimun?

Pengobatan pada penyakit Graves juga umumnya dibutuhkan untuk mencegah komplikasi seperti gagal jantung, osteoporosis, gangguan pencernaan, komplikasi organ mata, badai tiroid, gangguan pada sistem reproduksi, serta dampak psikologis.

 

Apabila Anda memiliki gejala seperti penyakit Graves, sebaiknya konsultasikan dengan dokter dan dapatkan pemeriksaan serta evaluasi. Anda mungkin perlu menjalani pemeriksaan fisik, tes darah, dan mengukur kadar hormon tiroid. Persiapkan segala riwayat kesehatan pribadi dan keluarga yang dibutuhkan oleh dokter untuk membantu menegakkan diagnosis dan merekomendasikan pengobatan yang tepat.

Memiliki pertanyaan lain terkait penyakit Graves? Anda bisa berkonsultasi dengan dokter kami melalui aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh di App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 26 Agustus 2024 | 09:01

Mayo Clinic (2024). Graves' disease. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/graves-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20356240 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Graves’ Disease. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15244-graves-disease 

Cleveland Clinic (2024). Thyroid Disease. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8541-thyroid-disease 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperthyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20373659 

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8357
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8959
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.25msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9723 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 6104
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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    App\User
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