Ada Infeksi Jamur di Telinga, Ketahui Penyebabnya

Ada Infeksi Jamur di Telinga, Ketahui Penyebabnya
Ilustrasi infeksi jamur di telinga. Credits: Freepik

Bagikan :


Infeksi jamur bisa terjadi di bagian tubuh mana saja, termasuk telinga. Infeksi ini biasanya memengaruhi telinga bagian luar dan sering kali menyebabkan rasa tidak nyaman, seperti nyeri, gatal, dan keluarnya cairan dari telinga. Walaupun biasanya tidak berbahaya, kondisi ini bisa sangat mengganggu.

 

Apa itu Otomikosis?

Otomikosis adalah infeksi pada saluran telinga bagian luar yang disebabkan oleh jamur. Beberapa jenis jamur, seperti Aspergillus dan Candida, sering kali menjadi penyebab infeksi telinga. Jamur-jamur ini cenderung berkembang di lingkungan yang lembap dan hangat, sehingga lebih rentan muncul di saluran telinga.

Infeksi jamur dapat menyerang siapa saja, tetapi beberapa orang lebih rentan terhadap infeksi ini, misalnya perenang, memiliki imunitas yang lemah, atau mereka yang tinggal di daerah dengan iklim tropis. Umumnya, infeksi jamur ini terjadi di salah satu telinga saja, namun infeksinya bisa menular dan memengaruhi kedua telinga.

Baca Juga: Ragam Penyebab Tinnitus (Telinga Berdenging)

 

Gejala Infeksi Jamur di Telinga

Infeksi jamur di telinga umumnya ditandai dengan beberapa gejala berikut:

  • Nyeri
  • Gatal
  • Peradangan
  • Pembengkakan
  • Kemerahan
  • Kulit mengelupas
  • Telinga berdenging
  • Rasa penuh di telinga
  • Keluarnya cairan dari telinga yang bisa berwarna putih, kuning, hitam, abu-abu, atau hijau
  • Masalah pendengaran

Baca Juga: Tanda-Tanda Gendang Telinga Pecah dan Penanganan yang Harus Dilakukan

 

Penyebab Infeksi Jamur di Telinga

Infeksi jamur dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, di antaranya:

Lingkungan yang lembap

Jamur tumbuh subur di lingkungan yang lembap dan hangat. Telinga yang terlalu sering terpapar air menciptakan kondisi ideal bagi jamur untuk berkembang biak. Mereka yang tinggal di daerah tropis atau sering terpapar air seperti perenang, lebih rentan terkena infeksi jamur telinga.

Cara membersihkan telinga yang kurang tepat

Terlalu sering membersihkan telinga dengan cara yang salah, seperti penggunaan cotton bud berlebihan, dapat merusak lapisan pelindung di saluran telinga. Lapisan ini berfungsi sebagai penghalang alami yang penting dalam mencegah infeksi.

Penggunaan cotton bud atau alat pembersih telinga secara tidak hati-hati dapat menyebabkan luka kecil pada telinga, dan mempermudah jamur masuk yang kemudian memicu infeksi.

Penggunaan alat bantu dengar atau earphone yang tidak bersih

Penggunaan alat bantu dengar, earphone, atau earplug yang tidak dijaga kebersihannya, menyebabkan telinga menjadi lembap dan hangat. Kondisi ini menciptakan lingkungan yang ideal bagi pertumbuhan jamur. Selain itu, kotoran dan bakteri yang menumpuk pada alat yang tidak dibersihkan akan memperburuk infeksi.

Sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah

Orang dengan sistem kekebalan tubuh yang lemah, seperti penderita HIV/AIDS, diabetes, atau yang sedang menjalani terapi imunosupresif, memiliki risiko lebih tinggi terkena infeksi jamur di telinga. Ketika sistem kekebalan tubuh menjadi lemah, tubuh menjadi kurang efektif dalam melawan infeksi jamur yang mengancam tubuh.

Penggunaan obat tetes telinga atau antibiotik jangka panjang

Di setiap label kemasan obat tetes telinga atau antibiotik tetes telinga selalu disematkan informasi larangan penggunaan jangka panjang. Penggunaan obat tetes telinga atau antibiotik jangka panjang dapat mengubah keseimbangan flora normal di telinga.

Flora normal ini termasuk bakteri baik yang dapat melawan pertumbuhan jamur. Jika pertumbuhannya terganggu, maka jamur akan mudah berkembang biak dan menyebabkan infeksi.

 

Infeksi jamur di telinga biasanya membutuhkan pengobatan antijamur dalam bentuk tetes telinga maupun salep. Apabila infeksi ini tidak segera diobati maka dapat menyebabkan komplikasi yang lebih serius, seperti infeksi telinga tengah atau gangguan pendengaran.

Segera konsultasikan dengan dokter jika mengalami infeksi jamur telinga. Anda juga dapat melakukan konsultasi melalui aplikasi Ai Care yang dapat diunduh di App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainya? Cek di sini, yah!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Selasa, 1 Oktober 2024 | 15:30

Lana Bandoim (2024). Otomycosis: What You Need to Know. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/otomycosis 

Cleveland Clinic (2023). Fungal Ear Infection (Otomycosis). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/25009-fungal-ear-infection 

WebMD (2023). What Is Otomycosis?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-otomycosis 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Aspergillosis. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/aspergillosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20369619 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Candidiasis. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23198-candidiasis 

Christopher Hilton, MD. What to know about Q-tips and safer ways to keep your ears clean. Available from: https://www.healthpartners.com/blog/are-q-tips-dangerous/ 

Health Direct (2024). Ear infection. Available from: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/ear-infection 

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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.68msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1067 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8591
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.61msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5440 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5440
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.54msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8021 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8021
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 9096
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.1msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8865 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8865
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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