Glibenclamide

Glibenclamide
Glibenclamide adalah obat diabetes golongan sulfonilurea

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Condiabet, Daonil, Diacella, Euuglucon, Glidanil, Gluconic, Gluconin, Glucovance, Glulo, Glyamid, Renabetic, Harmida, Latibet, Libronil, Merzanil, Minkosa, Padonil, Prodiabet, Trodeb, Vorbet

 

Cara Kerja

Glibenclamide adalah obat diabetes golongan sulfonilurea, bekerja pada sel-sel penghasil hormon insulin dalam kelenjar pankreas. Hormon insulin adalah hormon yang berperan untuk mengendalikan kadar gula darah seseorang.

Dengan bekerjanya obat ini pada sel penghasil insulin, hormon insulin akan lebih banyak dikeluarkan dalam aliran darah dan sensitivitas tubuh terhadap insulin meningkat. Selain itu, pengeluaran glukosa dari organ hati juga berkurang, sehingga kadar gula darah yang tinggi pada penderita diabetes dapat diturunkan. 

 

Indikasi

Obat ini digunakan untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Namun, penggunaan obat ini harus diiringi dengan olahraga dan pengaturan makan yang sehat agar pengobatan diabetes mellitus dapat berhasil.

 

Kontraindikasi

Obat ini tidak boleh diberikan pada:

  • Riwayat alergi terhadap obat-obatan diabetes golongan sulfonilurea.
  • Diabetes mellitus tipe 1
  • Ketoasidosis diabetik, komplikasi gawat darurat pada diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di mana tubuh memproduksi asam darah (keton) yang berlebihan.
  • Infeksi berat.
  • Kondisi pasca operasi atau cedera berat.
  • Gangguan ginjal dan hati berat.
  • Usia di atas 70 tahun.
  • Wanita hamil.
  • Sedang dalam terapi obat bosentan (obat penurun tekanan darah paru).

 

Efek Samping

Efek samping yang bisa terjadi akibat penggunaan glibenclamide adalah kadar gula darah yang terlalu rendah (hipoglikemia), dengan gejala yang mungkin timbul antara lain:

  • Lemas
  • Keringat dingin
  • Tangan bergetar
  • Denyut jantung meningkat
  • Lapar
  • Pusing
  • Kesemutan pada daerah tangan dan kaki

Untuk itu, orang yang mengonsumsi obat ini harus memiliki jadwal makan yang teratur serta tidak boleh melewati waktu makan. Obat ini juga perlu dikonsumsi sewaktu makan atau sesaat setelah makan. Efek samping lain yang juga sering terjadi adalah peningkatan berat badan.

 

Sediaan

Tablet 2,5 mg dan 5 mg.

 

Dosis

Dosis awal 2,5-5 mg sekali sehari saat sarapan, dosis dapat dinaikkan 2,5 mg dengan interval satu minggu berdasarkan respon pasien. Dosis maksimal glibenclamide 20 mg per hari. 

 

Keamanan

Obat ini memiliki kategori kehamilan C, yaitu tidak terdapat data yang memadai dari penelitian, baik dari hewan atau dari manusia. Terdapat efek merugikan pada janin dalam penelitian yang dilakukan pada hewan uji coba, tetapi belum terdapat data pada manusia. Pengobatan lini pertama diabetes selama kehamilan adalah insulin, sehingga terapi obat minum diabetes sebaiknya diganti menjadi terapi suntikan insulin ketika kehamilan diketahui.

 

Interaksi Obat

  • Kadar gula darah rendah bisa meningkat bila glibenclamide digunakan bersama obat berikut:
    • Antibiotik kloramfenikol, siprofloksasin, kotrimoksazol
    • Antiansietas golongan TCA dan MAOI
    • Antihipertensi ACE inhibitor seperti kaptopril dan beta-blocker seperti bisoprolol.
  • Terjadi penurunan efektivitas glibenclamide jika digunakan bersama
    • Antituberkulosis rifampisin
    • Antikejang barbiturat
    • Obat pil kontrasepsi 
  • Kadar glibenclamide dalam darah dapat meningkat jika digunakan bersama obat antijamur mikonazol dan flukonazol.
  • Obat ini dapat memengaruhi efek obat pengencer darah warfarin.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Arifin Muhammad Siregar
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Kamis, 13 April 2023 | 13:24

MIMS Indonesia. (2022). Glibenclamide: Indication, Dosage, Side Effect, Precaution. Retrieved 3 October 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/glibenclamide?mtype=generic

Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional. (2022). GLIBENKLAMID. Retrieved 3 October 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/glibenklamid

European Medicines Agency. (2022). Amglidia - European Medicines Agency. Retrieved 3 October 2022, from https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/amglidia

PB Perkeni. (2021). Pedoman Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Indonesia.

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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