Antitoksin Difteri

Antitoksin Difteri
Credit: WHO. Antitoksin difteri bisa menyelamatkan nyawa pasien.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Tidak terdapat nama dagang khusus untuk antitoksin difteri.

 

Cara Kerja

Antitoksin difteri ini mengandung protein globulin spesifik yang digunakan untuk melawan efek toksin yang diproduksi bakteri corynebacterium diphteriae. Difteri adalah infeksi bakteri serius yang dapat menyebabkan kondisi berbahaya seperti kesulitan bernapas, kelumpuhan, sampai kematian.

 

Indikasi

Antitoksin difteri digunakan untuk pengobatan pasien yang diduga atau sudah terkonfirmasi menderita difteri pernapasan. Obat ini juga bisa diberikan untuk pemeriksaan hipersensitivitas difteri.

 

Kontraindikasi

Obat ini tidak dapat digunakan pada orang yang menunjukkan reaksi alergi pada antitoksin difteri atau komponennya. Orang-orang dengan riwayat asma perlu mendapat perhatian khusus sebelum diberikan antitoksin ini.

 

Efek Samping

Terdapat beberapa efek samping yang bisa terjadi setelah menggunakan obat ini, yaitu:

  • Demam.
  • Kaku sendi.
  • Ruam kulit.
  • Gatal-gatal.
  • Urtikaria.
  • Kelelahan dan kelemahan.

Selain itu, terdapat juga efek samping fatal yang dapat terjadi, seperti syok organ, tekanan darah rendah, hingga reaksi alergi berat yang ditandai dengan gejala pembengkakan pada kulit sampai kesulitan bernapas.

 

Sediaan

Obat ini tersedia dalam bentuk cairan obat suntik.

 

Dosis

Dosis obat bervariasi tergantung dengan tujuan pemberian obat dan jenis difteri.

 

Pemeriksaan Hipersensitivitas Difteri

0,1 ml antitoksin difteri akan dicairkan dalam cairan NaCL 0,9%, lalu disuntikkan ke kulit. Setelah 20 menit, area kulit yang disuntikkan ke pasien akan dilihat apakah ada reaksi alergi atau tidak.

 

Difteri Hidung Derajat Ringan-Sedang

Antitoksin diberikan melalui infus pelan dengan dosis 10.000-20.000 unit ke dalam pembuluh darah.

 

Difteri Tonsil Derajat Ringan-Sedang

Antitoksin diberikan melalui infus pelan dengan dosis 15.000-25.000 unit ke dalam pembuluh darah.

 

Difteri Laring atau Faring

Antitoksin diberikan melalui infus pelan dengan dosis 20.000-40.000 unit ke dalam pembuluh darah.

 

Difteri Berat

Antitoksin diberikan melalui infus pelan dengan dosis hingga 100.000 unit.

 

Keamanan

Penggunaan antitoksin difteri pada ibu menyusui menunjukkan adanya risiko minimal yang dapat terjadi pada bayi. Sementara itu, keamanan pada ibu hamil belum ada data yang cukup memadai. Beritahu dokter terlebih dahulu bila Anda sedang dalam kondisi hamil atau menyusui, agar dokter bisa menentukan pengobatan yang tepat.

 

Interaksi Obat

Tidak terdapat data pasti mengenai interaksi antitoksin difteri dengan berbagai obat. Sebaiknya Anda menginformasikan dokter jika sedang menggunakan obat rutin tertentu.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Luluk Ummaimah A
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 20:07

Diphteria Antitoxin – Mims Indonesia. (2022). Retrieved 6 August 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/diphtheria%20antitoxin?mtype=generic

Diphteria Antitoxin (Injection Route)  - Mayo Clinic. Mayoclinic.org. (2021). Retrieved 6 August 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/diphtheria-antitoxin-injection-route/side-effects/drg-20063452?p=1

Diphteria Antitoxin (Injection Route) – Drugs.com. (2022). Retrieved 6 August 2022, from https://www.drugs.com/cons/diphtheria-antitoxin-injection.html

Antitoksin Difteri – BPOM. (2022). Retrieved 6 August 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/ioni/bab-14-produk-imunologis-dan-vaksin/144-vaksin-dan-antisera/vaksin-difteri/antitoksin-difteri

Diphteria Antitoxin - CDC.com. Retrieved 25 August 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/diphtheria/dat.html.

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