Mood swings are normal for children, just like they are for adults. However, for some children, these mood swings can develop into depression if they feel persistently sad.

Depression in children typically occurs between the ages of 3 and 17, and its causes can vary. These include family issues, health conditions, the home and school environment, traumatic events, or substance abuse.

Traumatic events, such as recent bullying at school, can contribute to the development of depression, particularly if parents are unsure how to address their child's depression.

Bullying can take various forms, including physical bullying (e.g., pinching, hitting, extortion), psychological bullying (e.g., intimidation, neglect, discrimination), or verbal bullying (e.g., cursing, teasing, slander). These types of abuse can have a lasting negative impact on a child's mental health.

Signs of Depression in Children

Since children spend a significant amount of time at school, parents need to be vigilant in noticing changes in their child’s behavior. Children who are experiencing depression may show the following symptoms:

• Decreased appetite or refusal to eat

• Difficulty sleeping

• Persistent sadness or feelings of hopelessness

• Appearing tired or lacking energy

• Mood swings and irritability

• Spending time without doing anything productive

• Losing interest in activities they once enjoyed

• Trouble concentrating

• Frequent complaints of headaches or stomachaches that don't improve with medication

• In severe cases, thoughts of or attempts at suicide

What Should You Do If Your Child Is Depressed?

Some parents may assume that signs of depression in children are temporary and will improve on their own. However, depression is a serious warning sign that a child needs more attention. In some cases, children may need medical treatment for their condition.

If you notice any signs of depression in your child, here's what you can do:

Don’t Scold Your Child; Have a Heart-to-Heart Talk

Encourage your child to open up about their feelings of sadness and depression. Avoid scolding them, and instead, offer a safe space for them to talk about what’s troubling them. Listening and offering emotional support are what children need most during this time.

Be Patient

Dealing with a depressed child, especially during adolescence, can be challenging. Rapid mood swings and emotional changes can be overwhelming. If you respond with anger, it may shut down communication, so it's important to remain calm and patient. Let them open up when they are ready.

Spend Quality Time Together

Parents often use their busy schedules as an excuse for not spending enough time with their children. Plan time for quality interactions where you can give your child your full attention.

Perhaps engage in outdoor activities, which can help lift their mood and bring positivity. When your child feels comfortable, encourage them to talk.

Visit a Doctor

In addition to being a good listener, you may need to take your child to a doctor, particularly if depression is affecting their sleep, appetite, or energy.

A doctor may prescribe medications for sleep or eating disorders and may recommend therapy with a child psychiatrist to help them manage their depression.

Parents play a vital role in helping their children overcome depression. It’s essential to stay involved and supportive during this challenging time, no matter your child’s age.

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