Anak Mengalami Disleksia, Ini yang Bisa Dilakukan Orang Tua

Anak Mengalami Disleksia, Ini yang Bisa Dilakukan Orang Tua
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Gangguan belajar pada anak dapat memngaruhi proses tumbuh kembang anak. Salah satu gangguan belajar yang paling umum adalah disleksia. Anak yang mengalami disleksia kesulitan untuk mengeja, membaca, dan menulis. Hingga saat ini belum dapat diketahui penyebab dan cara mengobati disleksia. Namun dengan penanganan yang tepat, anak yang mengalami disleksia dapat meningkatkan performa belajar di sekolah.

 

Penyebab Disleksia pada Anak

Disleksia adalah gangguan belajar dimana anak kesulitan membaca, menulis, dan mengeja. Pada anak yang mengalami disleksia, mereka mampu mengenali dan mengucapkan masing-masing huruf, namun ketika harus menulis atau membaca, mereka mengalami kesulitan melakukannya.

Menurut Mayo Clinic, gangguan belajar ini merupakan kelainan saraf di area otak yang memproses bahasa. Ganguan ini dapat disebabkan oleh faktor genetik atau kondisi lainnya seperti kelahiran prematur atau kelainan pada struktur otak.

Anak dengan disleksia memiliki penglihatan yang normal dan kecerdasan yang baik. Dengan terapi yang tepat, anak dengan disleksia dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca dan menulis yang dapat membantu prestasi anak di sekolah dan di tempat kerja.

 

Cara Menangani Anak yang Disleksia

Orang tua tentu khawatir ketika mengetahui anaknya didiagnosis disleksia. Namun orang tua perlu memahami bahwa anak yang mengalami disleksia bukan berarti selamanya akan tidak bisa membaca dan menulis. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan belajar anak yang disleksia, ada beberapa terapi yang bisa dilakukan, antara lain:

 

1. Membuat IEP (Individualized Education Program)

(Individualized Education Program) adalah program belajar yang biasa digunakan bagi anak yang mengalami gangguan belajar atau berkebutuhan khusus. Program ini disusun oleh guru, orang tua, dan terapis yang berisi rencana dan program belajar anak dalam kurun waktu tertentu. Materi pembelajaran akan disesuaikan dengan jenis disleksia anak. Setiap akhir program akan dilakukan evaluasi untuk melihat proses perkembangan anak.

 

2. Membaca bersama

Anak dengan disleksia perlu mendapat stimulus bacaan dan suara agar mampu memahami bacaan dengan benar. Sebagai latihan, Anda dapat membacakan buku dengan lantang agar anak mengenali bacaan dengan baik. Ketika anak sudah mulai bisa membaca, Anda bisa membaca buku bersama-sama lalu mendiskusikan isinya. Dengan membaca bersama-sama, anak akan semakin terlatih memahami kata dan bacaan yang sedang dibaca serta mampu berlatih membuat kalimat dengan baik.

 

3. Membuat suasana belajar menyenangkan

Proses pembelajaran pada anak disleksia dapat berlangsung sangat panjang dan melelahkan. Untuk itu, orang tua perlu membangun suasana belajar jadi menyenangkan agar anak semangat belajar. Hindari mencela atau memarahi anak ketika mereka melakukan kesalahan dalam membaca atau menulis. Sebaliknya, terus motivasi anak agar ia semakin percaya diri dalam berbicara dan menulis. Agar anak makin semangat, Anda bisa memulai pembelajaran dengan berlatih membaca dan menulis dari tema yang mereka sukai.

Disleksia adalah gangguan belajar dalam membaca dan menulis, namun bukan gangguan kecerdasan. Anak dengan disleksia dapat meraih prestasi dan kesuksesan apabila mendapat perawatan yang tepat. Bantu anak untuk memahami kondisinya dan terus beri motivasi belajar. Dengan begitu, ia tidak akan merasa berbeda dan memiliki kesempatan yang sama untuk berkarya dengan teman-temannya yang lain. 

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar kehamilan, menyusui, kesehatan wanita dan anak-anak? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 05:07

NHS. Management Dyslexia. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dyslexia/living-with/

Child Mind Institute. Understanding Dyslexia. Available from: https://childmind.org/article/understanding-dyslexia/

WebMD. If Your Child Has Dyslexia: Tips for Parents. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/children/helping-children-with-dyslexia

Mayo Clinic. Dyslexia. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dyslexia/symptoms-causes/syc-20353552

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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.29msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8351 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.24msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8373 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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