Penyebab Harus Melahirkan dengan Operasi Caesar (Bedah Sesar)

Penyebab Harus Melahirkan dengan Operasi Caesar (Bedah Sesar)

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Operasi caesar (bedah sesar) adalah prosedur pembedahan yang dilakukan untuk membantu ibu melahirkan bayi melalui sayatan yang dibuat di perut. Beberapa operasi caesar direncanakan, namun ada banyak kasus di mana masalah tak terduga terjadi selama persalinan dan menyebabkan dokter harus melakukan bedah sesar.

Operasi bedah sesar ini relatif aman untuk ibu dan bayi, pun demikian operasi besar selalu membawa risiko tersendiri dan membutuhkan waktu lebih lama untuk pulih dibandingkan kelahiran pervaginam. Untuk menjalani operasi caesar, biasanya dokter akan melakukan pemeriksaan dan pengamatan perkembangan kehamilan Anda. Kemudian dokter akan merekomendasikan apakah Anda bisa menjalani persalinan pervaginam atau harus melalui operasi caesar.

Persalinan melalui bedah caesar umumnya direkomendasikan oleh dokter, terutama apabila ada kondisi darurat pada ibu atau bayi. Berikut adalah beberapa alasan yang menjadi dasar pertimbangan dokter untuk melakukan bedah caesar untuk membantu persalinan tetap aman.

 

Persalinan Tak Maju atau Macet (PTM)

Partus tidak maju (PTM) atau persalinan macet dapat terjadi ketika pembukaan jalan lahir tidak bertambah sehingga persalinan melambat atau tertunda. Kondisi ini bisa disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, salah satunya serviks yang mungkin tidak tipis dan tidak terbuka sebagaimana mestinya, bayi tidak bisa masuk melalui panggul ibu, bayi tidak dalam posisi yang benar atau kontraksi yang lemah atau tidak cukup sering terjadi.

 

Gawat Janin

Gawat janin atau fetal distress adalah tanda bahwa bayi tidak menerima cukup oksigen melalui plasenta. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan bayi menghirup cairan ketuban yang mengandung mekonium (kotoran) dan membuat mereka sulit bernapas setelah lahir, atau mungkin bahkan berhenti bernapas.

 

Posisi Bayi Tidak Normal

Operasi caesar merupakan cara paling aman untuk melahirkan bila bayi tidak dalam posisi normal, kaki atau bokong masuk ke jalan lahir (sungsang) atau posisi bayi menyamping dengan bahu terlebih dahulu (melintang).

 

Bayi Kembar

Ketika Anda mengandung bayi kembar, maka operasi caesar mungkin diperlukan untuk membantu persalinan. Terutama bila bayi kembar lebih dari tiga.

 

Plasenta Previa

Plasenta previa dapat terjadi ketika plasenta bayi menutupi sebagian atau seluruh jalan lahir. Plasenta previa dapat menyebabkan perdarahan hebat selama kehamilan atau persalinan. Dokter akan merekomendasikan untuk menghindari aktivitas yang dapat menyebabkan kontraksi termasuk berhubungan seks, melakukan ratus, menggunakan tampon atau melakukan aktivitas yang dapat meningkatkan risiko pendarahan seperti berlari, jongkok dan melompat.

 

Prolaps Tali Pusat

Kondisi ini terjadi ketika tali pusat turun (prolaps) melewati leher rahim dan berada di depan bayi. Kondisi ini termasuk kegawatdaruratan obstetrik yang jarang terjadi namun berpotensi fatal. Bila selama persalinan tali pusat yang prolaps tertekan maka dapat menyebabkan terputusnya pasokan oksigen ke janin, dan bahkan mengakibatkan lahir mati.

 

Riwayat Persalinan Caesar

Apabila pada persalinan sebelumnya Anda menjalani operasi caesar, maka potensi untuk melahirkan kembali melalui bedah sesar sangat besar. Namun, beberapa wanita dapat mencoba VBAC (persalinan pervaginam setelah persalinan caesar) apabila kondisi memungkinkan.

 

Obstruksi Mekanis

Anda mungkin memerlukan operasi caesar apabila memiliki fibroid berukuran besar yang menghalangi jalan lahir, patah tulang panggul yang parah, atau bayi memiliki kondisi hidrosefalus parah (kepala berukuran besar).

 

Kondisi Kesehatan Tertentu

Apabila Anda memiliki riwayat kesehatan tertentu seperti penyakit jantung, penyakit otak, infeksi herpes genital yang aktif, maka dokter akan merekomendasikan Anda untuk menjalani persalinan dengan bedah caesar.

 

Sebagian wanita mungkin memilih menjalani persalinan dengan bedah caesar tanpa alasan medis apapun. Namun, dokter akan tetap memberikan pertimbangan manfaat dan risiko yang dapat terjadi selama operasi caesar. Anda dapat melakukan konsultasi dengan dokter apabila Anda mempertimbangkan persalinan dengan bedah caesar.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar kehamilan, menyusui, kesehatan wanita dan anak-anak? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 02:04

Better Health. Caesarean section. Available from: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/caesarean-section#reasons-for-a-planned-caesarean-section

Medline Plus (2021). Cesarean Section. Available from: https://medlineplus.gov/cesareansection.html

Mayo Clinic (2020). C-section. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/c-section/about/pac-20393655

Beth Israel Lahey Health. Failure to Progress. Available from: https://www.winchesterhospital.org/health-library/article?id=101291

Pregnancy Birth and Baby (2020). Fetal distress. Available from: https://www.pregnancybirthbaby.org.au/fetal-distress

Mayo Clinic (2020). Placenta previa. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/placenta-previa/symptoms-causes/syc-20352768

Cleveland Clinic (2020). Umbilical Cord Prolapse. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12345-umbilical-cord-prolapse

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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.65msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7000 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.64msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1327 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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