Panduan Memilih Obat Pilek untuk Ibu Hamil

Panduan Memilih Obat Pilek untuk Ibu Hamil
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Pilek adalah penyakit umum yang biasanya ringan dan tidak membahayakan, terutama pada orang dewasa sehat. Namun, ketika Anda hamil, pilek bisa menjadi lebih serius karena perubahan sistem kekebalan tubuh selama kehamilan.

Selama kehamilan, sistem kekebalan tubuh melemah agar tubuh tidak menolak janin yang berkembang. Akibatnya, Anda lebih rentan terhadap infeksi seperti pilek dan flu. Dalam beberapa kasus, ibu hamil mungkin memerlukan obat pilek untuk mengatasi gejalanya. Penting untuk memilih obat pilek yang aman dikonsumsi selama kehamilan.

 

Panduan Memilih Obat Pilek untuk Ibu Hamil

Obat pilek biasanya dijual bebas dan aman digunakan. Namun beberapa label kemasan menyarankan ibu hamil untuk berkonsultasi dengan dokter terlebih dahulu sebelum mengonsumsinya.

Adapun beberapa jenis obat pilek yang aman dikonsumsi ibu hamil, di antaranya:

Parasetamol

Parasetamol aman digunakan oleh ibu hamil untuk meredakan demam serta sakit kepala saat sedang pilek. Untuk mengonsumsinya dengan aman, Anda hanya perlu mengikuti dosis yang disarankan atau atas petunjuk dokter.

Antihistamin

Antihistamin seperti klorfeniramin dan difenhidramin dapat membantu mengurangi gejala alergi seperti hidung tersumbat dan bersin-bersin selama ibu hamil pilek.

Selain itu, Anda juga bisa memilih loratadin, obat antihistamin yang juga dianggap aman.

Dextromethorphan

Dextromethorphan adalah obat penekan batuk yang digunakan untuk meredakan batuk yang tidak produktif.

Baca Juga: Penyebab Pilek Tidak Kunjung Sembuh

 

Guaifenesin

Guaifenesin adalah ekspektoran yang membantu mengencerkan dan membersihkan lendir dari saluran pernapasan.

Nasal spray

Nasal spray yang aman digunakan bagi ibu hamil saat pilek adalah jenis semprotan hidung nonsteroid yang mengandung oksimetazolin. Ini digunakan untuk meredakan hidung tersumbat yang disebabkan oleh pilek dan alergi. Oksimetazolin bekerja dengan menyempitkan pembuluh darah di dalam hidung sehingga mengurangi pembengkakan dan memungkinkan udara lebih mudah masuk.

Penting untuk mengikuti dosis yang direkomendasikan oleh produsen atau dokter. Penggunaan berlebihan bisa menyebabkan masalah ketergantungan, efek samping yang tidak diinginkan dan kerusakan pada saluran hidung.

 

Obat yang Sebaiknya Tidak Dikonsumsi saat Hamil

Ada beberapa obat pilek yang harus dihindari saat hamil, kecuali direkomendasikan oleh dokter, di antaranya:

Obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid (NSAID)

Obat golongan NSAID seperti ibuprofen, aspirin, naproksen tidak direkomendasikan pada ibu hamil karena meningkatkan risiko komplikasi pada janin terutama jika digunakan setelah minggu ke-20 kehamilan. Penggunaan aspirin di trimester akhir juga meningkatkan risiko komplikasi persalinan dan efek buruk pada bayi baru lahir.

Codein

Codein boleh digunakan selama kehamilan namun tidak direkomendasikan dalam penggunaan jangka panjang karena dapat menyebabkan ketergantungan. Selain itu, penggunaan Codein tidak bisa sembarangan dan hanya boleh digunakan dengan resep dan petunjuk dokter.

Baca Juga: Panduan Membeli Obat Over-the-Counter (Obat Bebas) untuk Pilek dan Flu

 

Baktrim (kombinasi sulfametoksazol dan trimetoprim)

Baktrim adalah jenis obat antibiotik yang salah satu komponennya adalah trimetoprim. Komponen ini bersifat antagonis pada asam folat yang dapat mengganggu produksi asam folat. Penggunaan trimetoprim selama trimester pertama kehamilan dikaitkan dengan risiko cacat tabung saraf dan cacat jantung. Sedangkan penggunaan setelah 32 minggu kehamilan dikaitkan dengan risiko penyakit kuning pada janin.

Pseudoephedrine dan phenylephrine

Pseudoephedrine dan phenylephrine adalah obat yang digunakan untuk meredakan hidung tersumbat. Penggunaannya selama kehamilan harus dilakukan dengan hati-hati karena dapat meningkatkan risiko cacat bawaan pada janin.

Pilek selama kehamilan biasanya bisa diatasi dengan obat pilek yang dijual bebas. Namun, apabila gejala pilek sangat parah atau tidak membaik, disertai demam tinggi, menyebabkan kesulitan bernapas atau Anda merasa pergerakan janin berkurang, maka sebaiknya periksakan diri dan konsultasikan dengan dokter. Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store atau Play Store.

Mau tahu informasi seputar kehamilan, menyusui, kesehatan wanita dan anak-anak? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Rabu, 8 Mei 2024 | 05:27

Nationwide Children's (2021). Pregnancy, Breastfeeding and the Common Cold. Available from: https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/family-resources-education/700childrens/2021/12/pregnancy-breastfeeding-and-the-common-cold 

Mayo Clinic (2023). Common cold. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/symptoms-causes/syc-20351605 

WebMD (2022). Safe OTC Cold and Flu Treatment to Use During Pregnancy. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/baby/safe-otc-cold-and-flu-treatment-to-use-during-pregnancy 

Ayesha Gulzar, PharmD (2023). What Cold Medicine Can I Take While Pregnant?. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-cold-medicine-can-i-take-while-pregnant-7546503 

Robyn Horsager-Boehrer, MD (2022). Acetaminophen is still safe in pregnancy, despite controversy. Available from: https://utswmed.org/medblog/acetaminophen-pregnancy-safety/ 

Drugs.com (2023). Dextromethorphan Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings. Available from: https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/dextromethorphan.html 

Drugs.com (2023). Guaifenesin Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings. Available from: https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/guaifenesin.html 

Kandis Lake, R.N (2021). Is it safe to use a nasal spray decongestant during pregnancy?. Available from: https://www.babycenter.com/pregnancy/health-and-safety/is-it-safe-to-use-a-nasal-spray-decongestant-during-pregnanc_1246891 

NHS UK (2021). Pregnancy, breastfeeding and fertility while taking or using ibuprofen. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/ibuprofen-for-adults/pregnancy-breastfeeding-and-fertility-while-taking-ibuprofen 

Mary Marnach, M.D. (2022). Is it safe to take aspirin during pregnancy?. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/pregnancy-week-by-week/expert-answers/aspirin-during-pregnancy/faq-20058167 

NHS UK (2022). Pregnancy, breastfeeding and fertility while taking codeine. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/codeine/pregnancy-breastfeeding-and-fertility-while-taking-codeine/ 

NHS UK (2021). Trimethoprim. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/trimethoprim/ 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.9msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 873 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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