Tuberkulosis (TB) Kutis

Tuberkulosis (TB) Kutis
Gambaran TB kutis pada leher seorang pengidapnya.

Bagikan :


Definisi

Tuberkulosis (TB) kutis merupakan penyakit kulit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang ditemukan pada kebanyakan kasus. Tuberkulosis biasanya terjadi di paru yang dikenal sebagai TB paru atau TBC. Apabila terjadi di luar paru, disebut sebagai TB ekstra paru, dan apabila terjadi di kulit disebut sebagai TB kutis.

TB kutis termasuk penyakit yang cukup jarang terjadi di negara maju. Dari seluruh pasien dengan tuberkulosis ektra paru, angka kejadian TB kulit sekitar 1-2%. Meskipun demikian, penyakit ini termasuk cukup banyak terjadi di bagian negara tertentu dengan angka kejadian infeksi HIV yang tinggi atau seseorang dengan sistem imun yang rendah akibat alasan tertentu. Pada negara berkembang, kasus TB masih menjadi permasalahan yang rumit untuk diselesaikan.

TB kutis memiliki beberapa gejala yang dapat terjadi pada seseorang. TB kutis primer merupakan TB kutis yang terjadi akibat kuman TB berkontak langsung kulit, biasanya melalui luka di kulit dan membentuk inokulasi 'membiaknya bakteri di suatu titik' yang disebut tuberculous chancre. Namun, TB kutis yang lebih sering terjadi adalah yang sekunder, yaitu skrofuloderma.

Skrofuloderma merupakan TB kutis yang terjadi pada leher akibat kelenjar getah bening yang mengalami radang dan iritasi. Di Amerika Serikat, angka kejadian skrofuloderma mencapai 10% dari seluruh kasus TB yang didiagnosis oleh dokter. TB kutis lainnya yang merupakan bentuk reinfeksi atau infeksi berulang adalah lupus vulgaris. Lupus vulgaris dapat terjadi di mana saja, namun tempat yang sering dilaporkan biasanya di kepala dan leher. Selain itu, ada TB verukosa kutis merupakan bentuk TB kutis yang berbentuk berbenjol-benjol akibat kontak langsung dengan pengidap.

 

Penyebab

Penyebab dari TB kutis adalah bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB kutis merupakan penyakit yang ditularkan dari pengidap TB kutis ke orang lain. Meskipun demikian, TB kutis juga dapat disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium sp. lainnya seperti Mycobacterium bovis namun jarang ditemukan. Mycobacteria sp. termasuk dalam kuman basal tahan asam (BTA) yang merupakan kuman yang tahan terhadap pH rendah atau lingkungan asam.

 

Faktor Risiko

Mengetahui faktor risiko TB sangat berperan penting dalam pencegahan hingga pengobatan TB kutis. Semua orang dapat saja berisiko mengalami TB kutis. Namun, ada beberapa faktor risiko yang lebih menentukan apakah seseorang akan mengalami TB kutis atau tidak di masa depan.

Beberapa faktor risiko yang meningkatkan kemungkinan seseorang mengalami TB kutis di antaranya:

  • riwayat kontak erat dengan pasien TB aktif
  • tinggal atau mengunjungi negara atau komunitas dengan angka kejadian TB yang tinggi
  • tinggal di area padat penduduk
  • bekerja di rumah sakit dan lingkungan yang berhubungan dengan pelayanan kesehatan lainnya
  • kurangnya pencahayaan sinar matahari yang masuk di dalam rumah
  • memiliki riwayat sistem imun atau pertahanan tubuh yang buruk (imunokompromais) seperti sedang dalam pengobatan tertentu, atau sedang menderita HIV atau kanker

Meskipun demikian, tidak semua yang terpapar oleh bakteri M. tuberculosis akan mengalami TB. Hal ini bergantung sistem imun masing-masing individu. Diperkirakan sekitar 10% kasus yang terinfeksi akan berkembang menjadi tuberkulosis aktif.

 

Gejala

Gejala yang dapat terjadi, terutama pada bentuk skrofuloderma, adalah pembengkakan dan luka pada area leher. Pembengkakan yang terjadi merupakan kelenjar getah bening yang membengkak akibat proses radang yang merupakan respon pertahanan tubuh terhadap kuman. Kelenjar yang membengkak ini tidak terasa nyeri saat ditekan atau tidak teraba hangat. Meskipun demikian, area benjolan tersebut dapat bertambah besar bahkan hingga mengeluarkan cairan nanah atau cairan lainnya setelah beberapa minggu.

Beberapa keluhan lain yang dapat muncul di antaranya demam, lemas atau tubuh terasa tidak berenergi, keringat malam, dan berat badan yang menurun tanpa sebab yang jelas.

 

Diagnosis

Diagnosis TB kutis merupakan diagnosis patologis, artinya dokter dapat menegakkan diagnosis TB kutis terutama melalui pemeriksaan mikroskop dengan perantara biopsi kulit. Pada pemeriksaan mikroskopik akan ditemukan kuman basal tahan asam (BTA) yang membentuk gumpalan tertentu.

Pemeriksaan penunjang lainnya yang dapat menemukan adanya kuman TB adalah pemeriksaan PCR dan kultur di laboratorium. Selain itu, ada pemeriksaan tes tuberculin yang disuntikkan di bawah kulit. Apabila terdapat bakteri tuberkulosis di dalam tubuh, area suntikan akan menjadi meninggi dalam beberapa milimeter

Meskipun pemeriksaan penunjang memiliki kemampuan diagnostik yang baik, dokter juga tetap melakukan wawancara medis khusus dan pemeriksaan fisik pada umumnya melalui penampakan bercak atau luka yang khas pada area yang terkena TB kutis.

Sebaiknya Anda beritahu dokter bila Anda atau seseorang di keluarga Anda pernah mengalami Tuberkulosis atau TB kutis sebelumnya. Informasi seperti kapan pertama kali gejala muncul juga akan membantu dokter mendiagnosis dan menentukan penanganan terbaik pada saat pasien pertama kali diperiksa oleh dokter.

 

Tata Laksana

Penderita TB, baik TB paru atau ekstra paru seperti kulit (TB kutis) membutuhkan pengobatan dan terapi dengan regimen obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) yang telah disepakati di seluruh negara, yang dikenal dengan multi drug therapy. Pengobatan ini terdiri dari kombinasi obat-obatan seperti rifampicin, isoniazid, pirazinamid dan etambutol dengan lama pengobatan selama minimal 6 bulan.

Pada beberapa kasus, pembedahan TB kutis tertentu seperti lupus vulgaris dan skrofuloderma direkomendasikan untuk memperbaiki penampilan pengidapnya. Rekonstruksi bedah plastik juga dapat diperlukan pada beberapa bentuk TB kutis yang tidak beraturan misalnya lupus vulgaris.

 

Komplikasi

Beberapa bentuk TB kutis mempunyai keterkaitan dengan rendahnya sistem imun terhadap M. tuberculosis. Pada beberapa kasus yang jarang, TB kutis dapat menyebar ke area sekitar.

Bentuk TB kutis yang berupa lupus vulgaris dan skrofuloderma dapat bersifat merusak area kulit sekitar dan dapat sembuh dengan meninggalkan bekas luka yang tidak beraturan. Lupus vulgaris dapat berkembang lebih jauh menjadi karsinoma sel skuamosa (sejenis kanker kulit) atau kanker kulit lainnya pada bekas luka dalam 25-30 tahun kemudian pada sekitar 10% kasus.

 

Pencegahan

Setelah mengenali beberapa faktor risiko yang Anda miliki, langkah berikutnya adalah perbaikan faktor risiko yang dapat diperbaiki. Berikut langkah-langkah yang dapat Anda lakukan:

  • Hindari kontak erat dengan pengidap TB
  • Hindari bertempat tinggal di area padat penduduk
  • Disarankan memiliki ventilasi udara yang baik di rumah
  • Memiliki bentuk rumah yang memungkinkan sinar matahari dapat masuk
  • Jangan lupa untuk mengikuti regimen obat Anda sesuai arahan dokter

Selain langkah-langkah diatas, apabila Anda tidak pernah memeriksakan diri ke dokter, sebaiknya lakukan pemeriksaan umum dan bila ditemukan kondisi atau penyakit dapat meningkatkan risiko Anda mengalami TB kutis, maka dapat dimulai pengobatan sedini mungkin sebelum kondisi semakin parah.

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Jika Anda mengalami gejala yang persisten dan terus-menerus pada kulit, dan bercak bertambah lebar, sebaiknya Anda memeriksakan diri lebih lanjut ke dokter spesialis kulit dan kelamin (Sp.KK) atau spesialis dermatologi dan venerologi (Sp.DV). Dokter akan melakukan wawancara medis, pemeriksaan fisik, hingga pemeriksaan penunjang tertentu untuk menetapkan diagnosis pasti dan tata laksana yang tepat.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Apri Haryono Hafid
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Senin, 30 Mei 2022 | 08:19

Dermnet NZ. Cutaneous tuberculosis. March 2021. https://dermnetnz.org/topics/cutaneous-tuberculosis

Charifa A, Mangat R, Oakley AM. Cutaneous Tuberculosis. [Updated 2021 Aug 30]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482220/

Healthline. Scrofula. September 2018. https://www.healthline.com/health/scrofula#symptoms

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        Backtrace
        • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
        • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • CategoryHealtTopics.php#11aicare_prod_new940μsselect * from `categories` where (`slug` != 'penyakit-a-z' and `slug` != 'obat-a-z' and `slug` != 'pemeriksaan-a-z' and `parent_id` = '0') and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null order by `order` asc
        Bindings
        • 0: penyakit-a-z
        • 1: obat-a-z
        • 2: pemeriksaan-a-z
        • 3: 0
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
        • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:376
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new139msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-06 22:58:18' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
        Bindings
        • 0: 1
        • 1: 2025-04-06 22:58:18
        • 2: article
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
        Backtrace
        • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new6.21msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 726 where `id` = 3686
        Bindings
        • 0: 726
        • 1: 3686
        Backtrace
        • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
      • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new5.61msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 3686, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-06 22:58:18', '2025-04-06 22:58:18')
        Bindings
        • 0: default
        • 1: []
        • 2: 
        • 3: updated
        • 4: 3686
        • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
        • 6: updated
        • 7: 2025-04-06 22:58:18
        • 8: 2025-04-06 22:58:18
        Backtrace
        • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
        • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
        • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new820μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 35 limit 1
        Bindings
        • 0: 35
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.93msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6547 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 6547
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.98msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8329 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 8329
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.79msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1088 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 1088
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new750μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 5 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
        Bindings
        • 0: 5
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.64msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4997 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 4997
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.35msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5238 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 5238
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.21msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9592 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 9592
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.06msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1026 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 1026
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.74msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2838 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 2838
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.15msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2840 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 2840
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.34msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5051 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 5051
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.12msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5878 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 5878
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.07msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6054 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Bindings
        • 0: 6054
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new890μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
        Bindings
        • 0: about-us
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new660μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new830μsselect * from `term_policies`
        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
        • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      App\Models\Admin\Post
      209Post.php#?
      App\Models\Admin\Category
      26Category.php#?
      App\Models\Admin\Tag
      6Tag.php#?
      App\User
      3User.php#?
      App\Models\TermPolicy
      3TermPolicy.php#?
      App\Models\Admin\Page
      1Page.php#?
      App\Models\Admin\Faq
      1Faq.php#?
          locale
          id
          _token
          y2o3nDcRxeZPRwGNBsy8kF5ulNlCbLOPrcGwBET3
          _previous
          array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/tuberkulosis-kutis" ]
          _flash
          array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
          path_info
          /healthpedia-penyakit/tuberkulosis-kutis
          status_code
          200
          
          status_text
          OK
          format
          html
          content_type
          text/html; charset=UTF-8
          request_query
          []
          
          request_request
          []
          
          request_headers
          0 of 0
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          request_cookies
          0 of 0
          array:2 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "y2o3nDcRxeZPRwGNBsy8kF5ulNlCbLOPrcGwBET3" "laravel_session" => "NbrOIl2k1btPqHQP2LjRBAuHXPwEbsrt09N3oSBN" ]
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