Sindrom Horner

Sindrom Horner
Pada kondisi tertentu, sindrom ini juga bisa berasal dari kondisi medis tertentu yang mungkin bisa menjadi masalah kesehatan serius. Bahkan pada beberapa kasus, penyebab dari penyakit ini tid

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Definisi

Sindrom horner atau disebut juga Horner-Bernard syndrome merupakan kumpulan gejala pada satu sisi wajah dan salah satu mata akibat gangguan pada jalur saraf yang berjalan dari otak ke wajah. Sindrom horner dapat dialami semua jenis kelamin di segala usia. Kasus ini juga bisa memengaruhi semua ras dan kelompok etnis. Terjadi gangguan pada jalur saraf simpatis yang mensarafi kepala, mata, dan leher. Karakteristik dari sindrom horner ini terdiri dari trias gejala seperti kelopak mata terkulai (ptosis), pupil mata menyempit (miosis), dan penurunan keringat di satu sisi wajah (facial anhidrosis).

Biasanya, gejala yang ada tidak menyebabkan gangguan secara signifikan pada daya penglihatan atau kesehatan penderitanya. Namun, pada kondisi tertentu, sindrom ini juga bisa berasal dari kondisi medis tertentu yang mungkin bisa menjadi masalah kesehatan serius. Bahkan pada beberapa kasus, penyebab dari penyakit ini tidak diketahui dengan pasti. Pengobatan khusus untuk sindrom horner ini masih belum ditemukan. Tata laksana biasanya hanya untuk mengatasi penyakit yang mendasarinya. Sindrom horner adalah kondisi yang cukup langka, sekitar 5 % kasus sindrom ini sudah ada sejak lahir atau merupakan kondisi bawaan. 

 

Penyebab

Sindrom horner terutama disebabkan oleh adanya kerusakan atau gangguan pada jalur saraf simpatis. Sistem saraf ini mengatur banyak hal, termasuk pergerakan pupil mata, detak jantung, tekanan darah, keringat dan lain-lain. Sistem ini membantu tubuh untuk merespon segala perubahan lingkungan sekitar. 

Penyebab sindrom horner dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu:

 

Pada neuron tingkat pertama

Serat saraf berasal dari hipotalamus batang otak yang lalu berjalan ke area tulang belakang bagian leher dan punggung atas, dari C8-T2. Kondisi yang menyebabkan gangguan pada neuron tingkat pertama ini adalah stroke, tumor dan cedera leher. Jalur saraf simpatis ini berada dekat dengan traktus dan nukleus lainnya di batang otak.

Biasanya, bila ada penyakit lain yang menyebabkan gangguan di saraf tingkat pertama, penyakit-penyakit itu antara lain:

  • Infeksi, seperti ensefalitis atau meningitis
  • Keganasan, seperti tumor intrakranial di kelenjar hipofisis atau di basal tengkorak, tumor tulang belakang
  • Cedera, khususnya di tulang belakang bagian punggung (setinggi T2-T3)
  • Penyakit lain, seperti sklerosis multipel, malformasi Arnold-Chiari, siringomyelia

 

Pada neuron tingkat kedua

Serat saraf berasal dari tulang belakang dan leher bagian samping, melewati pleksus brakialis dan apeks paru-paru, sampai di mandibula. Berikut adalah penyakit penyebab yang berlokasi di dekat saraf tingkat kedua:

  • Keganasan, seperti tumor pancoast di apeks paru-paru, neuroblastoma, tumor myelin
  • Cedera, pada area tulang leher atau di pleksus brakialis
  • Limfadenopati mediastinum
  • Abses gigi di area mandibula
  • Kerusakan pembulah darah utama dari jantung (aorta)
  • Iatrogenik (operasi pembedahan di rongga dada atau leher, tonsilektomi, angiografi karotis, dll.)

 

Pada neuron tingkat tiga

Penyebabnya terdapat pada bagian samping leher menuju ke kulit wajah dan otot kelopak mata dan iris. Kerusakan pada sel saraf jenis ini dapat berhubungan dengan kerusakan arteri atau pembuluh darah lainnya di sepanjang leher, tumor atau infeksi di bagian dasar tengkorak, migrain serta cluster headaches. Pada kasus sindrom horner di anak-anak, biasa disebabkan oleh cedera pada leher atau bahu saat persalinan, kelainan aorta saat lahir, atau tumor yang terjadi pada sistem saraf hormon.

 

Faktor Risiko

Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada kecenderungan ras, jenis kelamin dan usia yang bisa meningkatkan risiko seseorang menderita sindrom horner.

 

Gejala

Gejala klinis dari sindrom horner bisa dilihat dari kelopak mata bagian bawah yang sedikit naik (upside down ptosis), sebagian wajah hanya sedikit mengeluarkan keringat atau tidak sama sekali, ukuran kedua pupil mata yang terlihat berbeda ukurannya secara jelas (anisokor), pupil mata mengecil secara terus-menerus, keterlambatan pupil untuk melebar (dilatasi ketika dalam kondisi rendah cahaya, kesulitan melihat dalam kegelapan). Pada anak yang berusia di bawah satu tahun, gejala dapat disertai warna iris lebih pucat pada matanya, bagian wajah yang terkena sindrom horner tidak tampak kemerahan (flushing) jika terkena terik matahari, latihan fisik, atau saat reaksi emosional.

Gejala yang muncul pada sindrom Horner bisa mengarahkan dokter untuk mencari tahu lokasi gangguan pada jalur saraf simpatis. Pada gangguan saraf tingkat pertama, bisa muncul gangguan keseimbangan, masalah pendengaran, sulit menelan makanan, dan gejala dari fungsi sensorik saraf.

Adanya gejala yang juga diserta dengan riwayat cedera atau operasi bedah di wajah, kepala, leher, punggung, atau bahu mungkin mengarah ke kelainan di saraf tingkat kedua. Bila terdapat trias ptosis, miosis, dan facial anhidrosis yang disertai dengan penglihatan ganda, rasa baal pada wajah, atau sakit kepala, mungkin bisa dicurigai adanya gangguan saraf di tingkat ketiga.

Dokter biasanya akan membandingkan gejala-gejala yang sudah dirasakan sejak dulu dengan sekarang, dan bagaimana progresifitas gejala saat ini. Bila ada nyeri, dokter akan menanyakan mengenai lokasi dan tingkat keparahan nyeri

 

Diagnosis

Sindrom horner dapat didiagnosis secara bertahap, dimulai dari wawancara mendalam (anamnesis) mengenai gejala yang dialami, awal mula terjadinya gejala, riwayat kelahiran pada anak-anak, serta gejala lain yang mungkin dialami. Pada pemeriksaan fisik akan terlihat adanya kelopak mata yang tidak seimbang dan pupil mata terlihat miosis.

Terdapat beberapa jenis pemeriksaan farmakologis yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan diagnosis sindrom Horner. Pertama adalah Cocaine drop test, menggunakan mekanisme kerja kokain yang memblok pengambilan kembali norepinepfrin, yang normalnya dilepaskan dari ujung-ujung saraf. Jika terjadi gangguan pada jalur simpatis, norepinefrin tidak dilepaskan sehingga pemberian kokain tidak berpengaruh dalam menyebabkan midriasis (dilatasi pupil). Pemeriksaan kedua adalah tes hidroksiamfetamin, yaitu tes yang membantu melokalisasi penyebab lesi. Dua tetes larutan akan diberikan pada kedua mata. Pada mata yang terkena, pupil mata tidak akan melebar seperti mata yang normal.

Selain itu untuk menunjang diagnosis dapat dilakukan tes pencitraan yaitu USG, rontgen, CT scan atau MRI pada pasien yang didiagnosis menderita kelainan struktural, luka atau lesi, hingga tumor.

 

Tata Laksana

Tidak ada pengobatan khusus untuk mengobati sindrom horner. Perawatan yang dilakukan adalah untuk mengurangi gejala. Perawatan ini akan disesuaikan dengan penyebab yang mendasarinya. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mendeteksi sindrom ini sejak dini dan merujuk lebih awal ke spesialis yang sesuai. Namun, tidak semua pengobatan efektif untuk menangani gejala sindrom ini. Bila ada indikasi yang membuat dokter menyarankan operasi untuk dilakukan, biasanya karena ada penyakit lain seperti aneurisma yang memerlukan perhatian bedah saraf, atau diseksi pembuluh darah karotis yang juga perlu perawatan bedah vaskular. Namun, ada juga operasi yang dilakukan dengan tujuan estetika untuk mengatasi kelopak mata yang terkulai.        

Komplikasi

Beberapa komplikasi yang dapat terjadi pada penderita sindrom horner seperti gangguan penglihatan, nyeri leher atau sakit kepala berat dan tiba-tiba menyerang, otot-otot melemah atau kesulitan mengontrol otot. 

Pencegahan

Tidak ada pencegahan khusus untuk sindrom horner, namun gejalanya dapat dikelola dengan terapi medis dan obat-obatan serta mengontrol faktor risiko yang terkait. 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter

Disarankan untuk segera pergi ke dokter apabila muncul gejala-gejala diatas secara mendadak setelah mengalami trauma fisik atau cedera atau bila muncul bersamaan dengan gejala tambahan seperti gangguan penglihatan, pusing, kelemahan otot atau kesulitan mengontrol otot, sakit kepala parah atau sakit leher yang muncul secara tiba-tiba.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!  

 

Writer : dr Vega Audina
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 13:59

Kedar, S. (2021). Horner’s Syndrome. Available from: https://eyewiki.aao.org/Horner_Syndrome

Black, E., Scruggs, R., Barmettler, A. (2018). Available from: https://www.aao.org/oculoplastics-center/horner-syndrome-8

Mayo Clinic (2020). Horner Syndrome. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/horner-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20373547

Cleveland Clinic (2018). Horner’s Syndrome: Diagnosis and Tests. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17836-horners-syndrome

Griff, A M. Healthline (2017). What is Horner’s Syndrome?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/horners-syndrome#symptoms

Khalan, Z., Bollu, P. (2021). Horner Syndrome. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500000/

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      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new10.5msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 611 where `id` = 2056
      Bindings
      • 0: 611
      • 1: 2056
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new6.67msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 2056, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-06 14:04:18', '2025-04-06 14:04:18')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 2056
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-06 14:04:18
      • 8: 2025-04-06 14:04:18
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new990μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 29 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 29
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.64msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5808 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5808
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.91msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9281 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9281
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.86msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3695 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3695
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.09msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3784 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3784
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.47msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8267 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8267
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.27msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7687 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7687
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.44msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4222 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4222
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.28msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2026 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2026
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.39msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5020 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5020
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.06msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1998 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1998
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.19msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2045 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2045
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.69msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5075 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5075
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new950μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new830μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new940μsselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    61Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    21Category.php#?
    App\User
    3User.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    2Tag.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        UPuSyH7Pf2ChMaExzl7nVtUZYk6VNIDZ2yVF9UR4
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/sindrom-horner" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/sindrom-horner
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.141.244.160" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.141.244.160" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
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