Infeksi Oportunistik pada Imunodefisiensi

Infeksi Oportunistik pada Imunodefisiensi

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Definisi

Infeksi oportunistik dari kondisi imunodefisiensi adalah suatu infeksi yang disebabkan oleh organisme yang normalnya tidak menyebabkan penyakit. Dengan kata lain, infeksi oportunistik terjadi pada orang dengan sistem imun yang lemah atau imunodefisiensi.

 

Penyebab

Penyebab infeksi oportunistik yang sering ditemukan (namun tidak terbatas pada hal ini saja), meliputi:

  • Infeksi jamur Candida, yang disebut dengan kandidiasis. Kandidiasis dapat melibatkan kulit, kuku, dan selaput lendir di seluruh tubuh. Orang dengan imunodefisiensi sering mengalami infeksi kandidiasis, terutama pada mulut dan vagina. Namun, kandidiasis hanya disebut sebagai infeksi oportunistik ketika menyebabkan infeksi yang berat atau menetap pada mulut, vagina, kerongkongan, saluran pernapasan bawah seperti trakea dan bronkus, atau jaringan paru yang lebih dalam.
  • Kanker serviks invasif. Kanker serviks dimulai dari serviks (leher rahim) dan menyebar menjadi invasif ke bagian tubuh lainnya.
  • Coccidioidomycosis. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh jamur Coccidioides. Penyakit ini terkadang disebut dengan valley fever, desert fever, atau San Joaquin Valley fever. Seseorang dapat terinfeksi jamur ini dengan menghirup spora jamurnya. Namun, penyakit ini paling sering ditemukan pada area yang panas dan kering.
  • Cryptococcosis. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh infeksi jamur Cryptococcus neoformans. Jamur biasanya masuk ke tubuh melalui paru-paru dan dapat menyebabkan infeksi paru (pneumonia). Cryptococcosis biasanya melibatkan paru-paru atau sistem saraf pusat (otak dan saraf tulang belakang), namun dapat juga melibatkan bagian tubuh yang lain.
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV dapat menginfeksi beberapa bagian tubuh dan menyebabkan peradangan pada paru, saluran cerna (terutama nyeri perut yang disebabkan oleh infeksi pada usus besar), radang otak, dan radang pada retina yang mengancam penglihatan.
  • Cryptosporidiosis. Crypto adalah penyakit diare yang disebabkan oleh parasit mungil yang disebut Cryptosporidium. Gejalanya meliputi kram perut dan diare air yang berat dan kronis.
  • Virus herpes simpleks (HSV). Infeksi HSV umumnya tidak menyebabkan masalah serius pada kebanyakan orang. Infeksi biasanya didapatkan melalui hubungan seksual atau ditularkan dari ibu ke anak saat persalinan. Pada kebanyakan orang dengan sistem imun yang baik, HSV biasanya tidak aktif. Stres, trauma, infeksi lainnya, atau penurunan sistem imun dapat mereaktivasi virus yang inaktif sehingga gejala dapat timbul. HSV dapat menyebabkan sariawan yang nyeri pada mulut dan sekitarnya, atau pada alat kelamin dan anus. Pada orang dnegan sistem imun yang sangat lemah, HSV juga dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada bronkus (saluran napas), paru dan kerongkongan.
  • Histoplasmosis, Histoplasmosis disebabkan oleh jamur Histoplasma. Infeksi ini paling sering terjadi pada paru dan menyebabkan gejala yang mirip dengan flu atau pneumonia. Pada orang dengan sistem imun yang sangat lemah, histoplasmosis dapat berlangsung lama dan menyebar ke bagian tubuh lainnya
  • Tuberkulosis (TBC). TBC disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bakteri ini menyebar melalui udara ketika penderitanya batuk, bersin, atau bicara. Menghirup bakteri juga dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada paru.
  • Toksoplasmosis. Infeksi ini disebabkan oleh parasit Toxoplasma gondii. Parasit ini dibawa oleh kucing, tikus, dan burung, lalu dikeluarkan melalui kotorannya. Orang dapat terinfeksi dengan menghirup debu atau memakan makanan yang terkontaminasi parasit. Toksoplasma juga dapat ditemukan pada daging komersial, terutama daging merah dan babi, namun jarang pada unggas. Infeksi dapat terjadi pada paru, retina mata, jantung, pankreas, hati, usus besar, buah zakar, dan otak.
  • Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). MAC disebabkan oleh infeksi beberapa tipe mycobacterium yang berbeda. Bakteri ini terdapat pada lingkungan, seperti tanah dan partikel debu. Infeksi ini menyebar ke seluruh tubuh dan dapat mengancam nyawa pada orang dengan sistem imun lemah
  • Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). PCP adalah infeksi paru yang disebabkan oleh jamur Pneumocystis jirovecii. PCP terjadi pada orang dengan sistem imun lemah.
  • Lainnya: infeksi Salmonella, infeksi menular seksual, sarcoma Kaposi, limfoma

 

Baca Juga: Herpes Simpleks - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Pengobatannya

 

Faktor Risiko

Faktor risiko untuk infeksi oportunistik, meliputi:

  • Penderita HIV/AIDS. Di negara maju, jumlah infeksi oportunistik pada orang dengan HIV sudah lebih berkurang dibandingkan tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Hal ini karena obat-obatan HIV saat ini sudah digunakan secara luas.
  • Riwayat kanker
  • Terapi obat penekan sistem imun atau penggunaan kortikosteroid jangka panjang
  • Imunodefisiensi primer, seperti severe combined immunodeficiency atau defisiensi IgA selektif

 

Gejala

Oleh karena terdapat banyak macam infeksi oportunistik, tanda dan gejalanya dapat sangat bervariasi. Namun, beberapa gejala yang umum terjadi dapat meliputi:

  • Demam
  • Nyeri kepala
  • Keringat malam hari atau menggigil
  • Nyeri sendi
  • Kehilangan nafsu makan
  • Penurunan berat badan yang tidak dapat dijelaskan
  • Pembesaran kelenjar getah bening
  • Bengkak pada bagian tubuh

 

Diagnosis

Diagnosis infeksi oportunistik berdasarkan beberapa faktor, meliputi:

  • Riwayat kesehatan dan pemeriksaan fisik
  • Hasil pemeriksaan darah
  • Pemeriksaan kultur dan sensitivitas untuk menentukan organisme penyebab

 

Tata Laksana

Tata laksana akan bergantung pada jenis infeksi, namun dapat meliputi:

  • Antibiotik (seperti azitromisin atau klaritromisin)
  • Antijamur (seperti flukonazol atau vorikonazol)
  • Antivirus (seperti asiklovir atau valasiklovir)
  • Terapi antiretrovirus untuk menurunkan infeksi oportunistik terkaid AIDS
  • Antibiotik profilaksis

 

Jika Anda ingin mengetahui selengkapnya mengenai asiklovir, Anda dapat membacanya di sini: Asiklovir - Cara Kerja, Kontraindikasi dan Interaksi Obat

 

Komplikasi

Infeksi oportunistik yang tidak ditangani dapat menyebar ke seluruh tubuh dan menyebabkan kerusakan organ tubuh yang dapat mengancam nyawa.

 

Pencegahan

Pencegahan infeksi oportunistik terutama dilakukan dengan menerapkan gaya hidup sehat yang meliputi:

  • Menghindari kontak dengan organisme yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi oportunistik. Organisme yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi oportunistik dapat menyebar dengan berbagai macam cara, termasuk melalui cairan tubuh atau feses. Untuk menghindari penyakit atau infeksi menular seksual (IMS), gunakan kondom setiap kali Anda berhubungan seksual. Jika Anda menyuntikkan obat, jangan berbagi alat penyuntik obat. Setelah setiap kontak dengan feses manusia atau hewan, selalu cuci tangan Anda dengan benar menggunakan air hangat dan sabun.
  • Berhati-hati untuk memilih makanan dan minuman. Makanan dan air dapat terkontaminasi oleh organisme yang menyebabkan infeksi oportunistik. Supaya aman, jangan memakan beberapa makanan, termasuk telur yang kurang matang, produk susu atau jus yang tidak dipasteurisasi, atau biji-bijian mentah dan bertunas. Semua daging merah mentah yang belum dibekukan setidaknya 24 jam harus dimasak dengan suhu inti minimal 64 derajat Celcius. Selain itu, jangan minum air secara langsung dari danau atau sungai
  • Patuh terhadap regimen pengobatan yang diberikan dokter. Sebagai contoh, jika Anda terdiagnosis dengan HIV, maka Anda sebaiknya rutin mengkonsumsi obat yang diberikan. Obat tersebut akan mencegah virus HIV dalam perusakan sistem imun sehingga akan menurunkan risiko terkena infeksi oportunistik
  • Berpergian dengan aman. Sebelum bepergian mengunjungi negara lain, pastikan Anda membaca informasi mengenai negara tersebut atau berkonsultasi dengan dokter terlebih dahulu. Hindari memakan makanan atau meminum air yang dapat membuat Anda sakit, misalnya air dari keran
  • Menerima imunisasi atau vaksinasi yang disarankan oleh dokter
  • Nutrisi yang seimbang dan cukup
  • Pembatasan kontak terhadap orang yang sedang sakit

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Jika Anda didiagnosis imunodefisiensi, Anda sebaiknya kontrol ke dokter secara rutin. Jika Anda mengalami gejala baru, terutama yang terkait dengan infeksi, sebaiknya segera temui dokter untuk mendapatkan evaluasi dan tata laksana dini.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Tea Karina Sudharso
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Rabu, 12 Juni 2024 | 05:49

What is an opportunistic infection? (2021) National Institutes of Health. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available at: https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/what-opportunistic-infection (Accessed: March 30, 2023). 

Opportunistic infections (2021) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livingwithhiv/opportunisticinfections.html (Accessed: March 30, 2023). 

Opportunistic infections (OIS) (2021) International Association of Providers of AIDS Care. Available at: https://www.iapac.org/fact-sheet/opportunistic-infections-ois/ (Accessed: March 30, 2023). 

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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
      Backtrace
      • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:376
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new105msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-08 02:03:55' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-08 02:03:55
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new7.47msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 951 where `id` = 6851
      Bindings
      • 0: 951
      • 1: 6851
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new5.36msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 6851, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-08 02:03:55', '2025-04-08 02:03:55')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 6851
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-08 02:03:55
      • 8: 2025-04-08 02:03:55
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new980μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 31 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 31
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.93msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5553 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5553
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.14msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1568 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1568
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8423 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8423
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.81msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1584 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1584
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.74msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8932 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8932
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.92msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2599 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2599
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.2msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6098 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6098
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.85msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6702 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6702
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.85msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3717 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3717
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.89msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2957 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2957
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.74msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2838 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2838
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.02msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6803 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6803
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new790μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new730μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new940μsselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    53Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    26Category.php#?
    App\User
    4User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    3Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
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        id
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        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/infeksi-oportunistik-pada-imu...
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        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/infeksi-oportunistik-pada-imunodefisiensi
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
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        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:2 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "nVdOJQyT57AZemWTIzZxrVBe52Jug0o5Ti1riQ62" "laravel_session" => "z8UeUqkXrCvLtuxIVyPB5Q4wlLGs41mkCcnqNT1C" ]
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