Defisiensi Vitamin K

Defisiensi Vitamin K
itamin K sendiri memiliki kontribusi dalam proses pembekuan darah, pengembangan tulang dan kesehatan jantung.

Bagikan :


Definisi

Vitamin merupakan salah satu zat yang dibutuhkan oleh tubuh, bisa didapat dari makanan yang kita konsumsi atau melalui multivitamin. Vitamin umumnya disimpan di dalam tubuh kita. Bila seseorang kekurangan vitamin yang disimpan di dalam tubuh, kondisi ini dapat disebutkan sebagai defisiensi vitamin. Vitamin K merupakan salah salah satu jenis vitamin yang dapat larut di dalam lemak. Vitamin K sendiri memiliki kontribusi dalam proses pembekuan darah, pertumbuhan tulang dan kesehatan jantung.

Vitamin K sendiri terdiri dari 2 tipe, yaitu vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) yang di dapat dari tanaman terutama sayuran daun hijau seperi bayam dan kale serta Vitamin K2 (menaquinone) yang secara alami dibuat oleh tubuh di dalam saluran cerna dan memiliki kerja yang mirip dengan K1. Vitamin K memiliki peran penting dalam proses pembekuan darah, yaitu membantu menghentikan pendarahan baik dari dalam maupun luar tubuh.

Tubuh Anda memerlukan vitamin K untuk membentuk protein yang berguna pada proses pembekuan darah. Bila Anda kekurangan vitamin K (defisiensi vitamin K), maka protein tersebut akan mengalami kekurangan sehingga akan terjadi gangguan pada saat proses pembekuan darah. Defisiensi vitamin K sendiri jarang terjadi pada orang dewasa karena sudah cukup mendapatkan asupan K1 dari makanan yang dikonsumsi sehari-hari dan K2 dari dalam tubuh serta tubuh memiliki kemampuan yang baik untuk mendaur ulang kebutuhan dari vitamin K.

Pada kondisi atau penggunaan obat tertentu dapat mengganggu metabolisme vitamin K dan menyebabkan kekurangan vitamin K. Defisiensi vitamin K umum terjadi pada bayi, kondisi ini disebut VKDB (Vitamin K deficiency bleeding).

 

Penyebab

Defisiensi vitamin K jarang terjadi pada orang dewasa, tetapi dapat terjadi pada kondisi seperti mengonsumsi obat pengencer darah atau anti-koagulan, mengonsumsi antibiotik yang dapat mengganggu produksi dan absorpsi vitamin K, tidak mendapatkan vitamin K yang cukup dari makanan yang dikonsumsi, mengonsumsi vitamin A atau E dalam dosis tinggi.

Selain itu, beberapa kondisi menyebabkan defisiensi vitamin K dapat terjadi dimana tubuh dapat menyerap sedikit lemak (atau dikenal sebagai malabsorpsi lemak), yaitu penyakit celiac, fibrosis kistik, gangguan saluran cerna atau empedu, memiliki bagian pada saluran cerna yang diangkat seperti operasi bariatrik.

Pada bayi baru lahir, terdapat beberapa penyebab dari defisiensi vitamin K seperti air susu ibu yang memiliki vitamin K yang rendah, vitamin K yang tidak tersalurkan dengan baik dari plasenta ke bayi, hati dari bayi baru lahir belum dapat menggunakan vitamin K secara efisien, dan saluran ceran belum dapat menghasilkan vitamin K2 sendiri pada beberapa hari pertama.

 

Jika Anda ingin mengetahui selengkapnya mengenai vitamin A, Anda dapat membacanya di sini: Vitamin A - Cara Kerja, Kontraindikasi dan Efek Samping

 

Faktor Risiko

Defisiensi vitamin K dapat meningkat pada konsumsi obat-obat tertentu, seperti:

  • Anti-koagulan kumarin atau anti pembekuan darah seperti warfarin yang dapat mengencerkan darah. Hal ini disebabkan obat tersebut dapat mengganggu proses pembentukan protein yang terlibat dalam proses pembekuan darah
  • Mengonsumsi antibiotik tertentu. Beberapa antibiotik dapat menyebabkan tubuh menghasilkan vitamin K lebih sedikit atau kurang efektif di dalam tubuh
  • Kondisi dimana tubuh tidak dapat menyerap lemak dengan baik
  • Menjalani diet yang rendah vitamin K

 

Gejala

Gejala utama dari defisiensi vitamin K yaitu pendarahan yang berlebih. Perlu diperhatikan bahwa pendarahan yang dapat terjadi pada area selain area luka. Pendarahan ini dapat terjadi bila seseorang mudah lebam, terdapat gumpalan darah dibawah kuku, pendarahan pada membran mukus di area dalam tubuh, buang air besar yang nampak lebih gelap (seperti tar) dan mengandung darah.

 

Diagnosis

Dokter dapat memberikan diagnosis kekurangan vitamin K dengan menanyakan mengenai riwayat kesehatan Anda untuk mengetahui apakah Anda memiliki risiko dari defisiensi kekurangan vitamin K. Umumnya, orang dengan risiko tersebut mengonsumsi anti-koagulan, antibiotik , dan atau memiliki kondisi permasalahan pada penyerapan lemak.

Dokter juga akan menyarankan Anda melakukan pemeriksaan pembekuan darah yang disebut dengan pemeriksaan waktu prothrombin (prothrombin time test/PTT) untuk melihat bila defisiensi vitamin K yang menyebabkan gejala Anda. Pemeriksaan tersebut mengukur berapa lama tubuh Anda membentuk gumpalan darah. Pada umumnya, darah akan membutuhkan waktu 11 sampai 13.5 detik untuk membentuk gumpalan darah. Bila waktu yang diperlukan lebih lama dari waktu tersebut, dapat menandakan indikasi defisiensi vitamin K.

Pada bayi baru lahir, dokter akan melakukan pengamatan defisiensi vitamin K bila ditemukan adanya pendarahan pada area tali pusar dilepas, pada kulit, hidung, saluran cerna atau area lain, pada area kelamin (penis) bila bayi disunat, pendarahan mendadak pada otak juga dapat berbahaya dan mengancam nyawa.

 

Tata Laksana

Pengobatan pada vitamin K menggunakan obat phytonadione yang berisikan vitamin K1. Pada kebanyakan kasus, dokter akan meresepkan obat tersebut dalam bentuk obat minum. Dokter juga dapat memberikan obat tersebut dalam bentuk injeksi di bawah kulit (pada pembuluh darah atau pada otot). Dosis pada orang dewasa bervariasi antara 1 sampai 25 miligram (mg).

Dokter juga akan meresepkan phytodione dalam dosis kecil pada pasien yang mengonsumsi anti-koagulan. Dosis tersebut antara 1 sampai 10 mg. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menghindari komplikasi yang disebabkan oleh gangguan anti-koagulan dengan produksi vitamin K di dalam tubuh.

Perawatan pada bayi baru lahir menurut American Academy of Pediatrics menyarankan untuk memberikan suntikan vitamin K1 sebesar 0.5 sampai 1 mg dalam satu kali suntikan pada saat kelahiran. Dosis lebih tinggi dapat diberikan bila ibu bayi tersebut mengonsumsi obat anti-koagulan atau anti-kejang.

 

Komplikasi

Pendarahan merupakan komplikasi yang paling berdampak dari defisiensi vitamin K dan umumnya bersifat fatal pada bayi baru lahir. Gangguan jantung juga dapat menjadi komplikasi tetapi diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut.

 

Pencegahan

Tidak ada jumlah vitamin K yang harus Anda konsumsi setiap harinya. Ahli nutrisi menyarankan Anda mengonsumsi harian vitamin K sebesar 120 mcg untuk laki-laki dan 90 mcg untuk perempuan. Beberapa makanan, sayuran dengan daun hijau memberikan vitamin K yang tinggi dan memberikan kebutuhan Anda dalam satu kali saji. Injeksi vitamin K sekali pada saat kelahiran dapat mencegah permasalahan pada kelahiran.

Pada pasien dengan kondisi malabsorpsi lemak sebaiknya membicarakan hal tersebut dengan dokter terkait mengonsumsi suplemen vitamin K dan mendapatkan pengawasan terkait kadar vitamin K.

Hal ini juga berlaku pada pasien yang mengonsumsi warfarin dan anti-koagulan yang serupa.

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Hubungi dokter Anda bila Anda merasa ada gejala kekurangan vitamin K. Segera ke rumah sakit bila Anda mengalami pendarahan yang tidak berhenti. Pemeriksaan rutin perlu dilakukan dengan dokter Anda untuk menjaga kebutuhan vitamin K Anda.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Kevin Luke
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Rabu, 12 April 2023 | 09:12

Vitamin K Deficiency. (2022). Retrieved 13 February 2023, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536983/

Understanding Vitamin K Deficiency. (2019). Retrieved 13 February 2023, from https://www.healthline.com/health/vitamin-k-deficiency

Vitamin K Deficiency. (2022). Retrieved 13 February 2023, from https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/nutritional-disorders/vitamin-deficiency,-dependency,-and-toxicity/vitamin-k-deficiency

Vitamin K Deficiency : What You Need to Know. (2020). Retrieved 13 February 2023, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320394

Vitamin K. (2023). Retrieved 13 February 2023, from https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamin-k/

Vitamin K. (2021). Retrieved 13 February 2023, from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002407.htm

Vitamin K. (2023). Retrieved 13 February 2023, from https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/vitamink/facts.html#: 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new132msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-07 03:30:15' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-07 03:30:15
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new6.52msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 818 where `id` = 6476
      Bindings
      • 0: 818
      • 1: 6476
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new5.43msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 6476, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-07 03:30:15', '2025-04-07 03:30:15')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 6476
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-07 03:30:15
      • 8: 2025-04-07 03:30:15
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new1.28msselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 43 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 43
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new22.93msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7658 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7658
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.49msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 319 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 319
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.11msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9803 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9803
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.95msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5350 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5350
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.35msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7857 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7857
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.21msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7856 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7856
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.39msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5790 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5790
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.45msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6258 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6258
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.6msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6475 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6475
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.79msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5934 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5934
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.15msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2225 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2225
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.2msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6831 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6831
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new950μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new880μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new1.14msselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    37Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    22Category.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    4Tag.php#?
    App\User
    3User.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        2A0Pb0Del5TjQb2sCVUBk4MVfGcaVGrI1AR6oUxt
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/defisiensi-vitamin-k" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/defisiensi-vitamin-k
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.142.240.149" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "3.142.240.149" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
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