Testosteron

Testosteron
Ilustrasi sampel darah untuk pemeriksaan testosteron. Credit: Freepik

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Definisi

Pemeriksaan testosteron adalah pemeriksaan untuk mengukur kadar hormon testosteron. Hormon testosteron dihasilkan oleh testis pada laki-laki, ovarium pada perempuan, dan kelenjar adrenal. 

Testosteron merupakan hormon seksual utama pada pria. Hormon ini menyebabkan beberapa perubahan pada tubuh laki-laki saat masa pubertas, misalnya tumbuhnya rambut di area tertentu, massa otot bertambah, dan suara menjadi lebih berat. 

Pada pria dewasa, hormon testosteron berfungsi untuk mengontrol gairah seksual dan membantu dalam pembuatan sperma. Meskipun hormon ini lebih banyak jumlahnya pada laki-laki, namun perempuan juga memiliki hormon testosteron dalam jumlah yang sedikit.

Pada perempuan, hormon ini berfungsi dalam pertumbuhan tulang dan otot, serta membangun kesehatan organ lainnya.  

Sebagian besar hormon testosteron berikatan dengan protein di dalam darah, namun ada juga yang tidak atau yang disebut testosteron bebas (free testosteron). Bentuk testosteron ini dapat diukur di dalam darah, dan berfungsi untuk membantu mendiagnosis masalah kesehatan tertentu. 

  • Testosteron total, mengukur jumlah testosteron baik yang terikat protein maupun yang bebas
  • Testosteron bebas (free testosteron), mengukur jumlah testosteron yang tidak berikatan dengan protein 

 

Indikasi

Pemeriksaan ini dilakukan pada beberapa kondisi sebagai berikut, yaitu:

  • Untuk mendiagnosis penyakit yang berkaitan dengan rendah atau tingginya kadar hormon testosteron 
  • Untuk mencari penyebab pubertas terlalu dini atau tertunda pada anak dan remaja 

Pemeriksaan ini juga dapat disarankan oleh dokter jika:

  • Kesulitan hamil
  • Memiliki masalah ereksi (disfungsi ereksi)
  • Kehilangan gairah seksual 
  • Pada perempuan muncul tanda-tanda maskulinitas, seperti tumbuhnya rambut yang berlebih atau perubahan suara menyerupai laki-laki
  • Tumor testis

 

Kontraindikasi

Tidak ada kontraindikasi khusus yang menyebabkan pemeriksaan testosteron tidak dapat dilakukan. Pemeriksaan ini umumnya aman dilakukan pada semua kelompok usia.

Baca Juga: Penyakit Disfungsi Seksual pada Pria - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Tata Laksana | AI Care (ai-care.id)

 

Persiapan Sebelum pemeriksaan

Pemeriksaan testosteron tidak membutuhkan persiapan khusus. Pemeriksaan ini biasanya dilakukan di pagi hari (jam 7-10 pagi) dan bisa dilakukan dalam keadaan tidak berpuasa.

Meskipun demikian, Anda disarankan untuk melakukan konsultasi medis terlebih dahulu kepada dokter sebelum melakukan pemeriksaan testosteron sebab ada beberapa kondisi tertentu yang dapat menganggu hasil laboratorium sehingga tidak menggambarkan kondisi Anda yang sesungguhnya..

Anda dapat memberikan informasi mengenai obat-obatan atau suplemen yang sedang dikonsumsi saat ini. Biasanya, dokter akan meminta Anda untuk menghentikan konsumsi obat sebelum pemeriksaan.

  

Prosedur Pemeriksaan 

Pemeriksaan testosteron umumnya menggunakan sampel serum darah sebanyak 0,25 - 0,5 ml. Sampel serum darah ini diambil dari pembuluh darah vena dan akan dikumpulkan ke dalam tabung khusus. Petugas laboratorium akan memakai sarung tangan khusus dan APD (Alat Pelindung Diri) saat mengambil sampel pemeriksaan.

Sebelum mengambil darah, petugas akan memasang pita elastis dan membersihkan area penusukan jarum dengan kasa antiseptik. Biasanya petugas mengambil darah di area lipatan siku. Setelah darah diambil dan dimasukkan ke dalam tabung khusus, petugas akan melepas pita elastis yang terpasang, menekan dan membersihkan area penusukan dengan kasa antiseptik.

Prosedur pemeriksaan ini hanya berlangsung selama beberapa menit saja. Sampel darah yang telah didapatkan akan diperiksakan menggunakan alat khusus di laboratorium, dan hasilnya bisa diketahui dalam beberapa jam kemudian.

 

Nilai Normal dan Abnormal

Rentang nilai normal pemeriksaan testosteron bervariasi bergantung jenis kelamin dan usia. Berikut ini merupakan rentang nilai normal dari hasil pemeriksaan testosteron.

Laki-laki 

Usia

Nilai normal Testosteron (ng/dL)

< 49 tahun 

300 - 1070 

> 50 tahun

193 - 740

Perempuan

Usia

Nilai normal Testosteron (ng/dL)

< 49 tahun 

15 - 70

> 50 tahun

2 - 41

Berdasarkan tabel di atas dapat diketahui bahwa kadar testosteron dalam darah memiliki nilai rentang normal dengan batas atas dan bawah yang bervariasi sesuai dengan usia dan jenis kelamin. Kadar testosteron darah dianggap tidak normal bila hasilnya lebih rendah atau lebih tinggi dari rentang nilai normal yang tercantum pada tabel. 

Meskipun demikian, setiap laboratorium memiliki rentang nilai yang sedikit berbeda antara satu laboratorium dengan laboratorium lainnya. Hal ini terjadi karena perbedaan alat atau mesin yang digunakan.

Baca Juga: Pemeriksaan Progesteron - Indikasi, Prosedur, dan Hasil Pemeriksaan | AI Care (ai-care.id)

 

Hasil dan Saran (Pemeriksaan Lanjutan)

Rendah

Jika hasil pemeriksaan testosteron Anda menunjukkan nilai rendah, sebaiknya Anda berkonsultasi dengan dokter. Kadar testosteron yang rendah pada laki-laki, menandakan adanya kondisi berikut:

  • Penyakit kronis, seperti penyakit hati atau ginjal 
  • Kelainan pada kelenjar hipofisis, kelenjar kecil yang terletak dibagian bawah otak
  • Tumor jinak
  • Cedera pada testis 
  • Penyalahgunaan alkohol
  • Kelainan genetik seperti sindrom Klinefelter 

Pada perempuan, hasil pemeriksaan testosteron yang rendah adalah normal. Namun jika nilainya terlalu rendah hal ini dapat menandakan adanya kondisi berikut:

  • Kelainan pada kelenjar adrenal, kelenjar kecil yang berada di atas ginjal 
  • Kelainan pada kelenjar hipofisis
  • Adanya gangguan pada ovarium

Normal

Jika hasil pemeriksaan testosteron menunjukkan nilai normal, kemungkinan Anda telah menjalankan pola hidup sehat dengan baik dan tidak ada kelainan yang berhubungan dengan testis, ovarium atau kelenjar hipofisis apabila tidak ada gejala dan tanda klinis tertentu.

Anda disarankan untuk tetap mempertahankan pola hidup sehat Anda saat ini sehingga dapat mencegah beberapa kondisi seperti penyakit kronis dan tumor yang ditandai oleh kadar testosteron yang terlalu rendah atau tinggi.

Tinggi 

Jika hasil pemeriksaan testosteron menunjukkan nilai tinggi pada laki-laki, maka kemungkinan mengalami kondisi berikut:

  • Tumor testis
  • Penggunaan obat golongan steroid 
  • Kelainan pada kelenjar adrenal, seperti hiperplasia adrenal kongenital, kelainan bawaan yang memengaruhi produksi hormon pada kelenjar adrenal 

Sedangkan pada perempuan, hasil pemeriksaan testosteron yang tinggi dapat disebabkan beberapa kondisi berikut:

  • Sindrom ovarium polikistik (PCOS)
  • Kanker ovarium
  • Kelainan pada kelenjar adrenal, seperti hiperplasia adrenal kongenital, kelainan bawaan yang memengaruhi produksi hormon pada kelenjar adrenal 
  • Kelainan pada kelenjar hipofisis

 

Konsultasikan ke Dokter yang Tepat

Hasil pemeriksaan testosteron pada orang dewasa dapat dikonsultasikan dengan dokter umum, untuk selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan lanjutan ataupun memulai terapi untuk diagnosis yang sesuai. Anda juga dapat berkonsultasi dengan dokter spesialis andrologi atau kandungan untuk berdiskusi mengenai masalah testosteron Anda lebih jauh. Pada pasien anak, hasil pemeriksaan selain normal harus dikonsultasikan dengan dokter spesialis anak.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium, radiologi, dan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : dr Kevin Luke
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Kamis, 16 November 2023 | 07:43

What is Testosterone Test. (2021). Retrieved 12 September 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/testosterone-test

Testosterone Level Test. (2020). Retrieved 12 September 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/testosterone-levels-test/

When to Consider a Testosterone Test. (2022). Retrieved 12 September 2022, from https://www.healthline.com/health/testosterone-test

Testosterone Blood Test. (2022). Retrieved 12 September 2022, from https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/testosterone-test

Testosterone. (2022). Retrieved 12 September 2022, from https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/tests/testosterone

Total Testosterone. (2022). Retrieved 12 September 2022, from https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=testosterone_total

Testosterone. (2022). Retrieved 12 September 2022, from https://www.testing.com/tests/testosterone/

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      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:376
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new157msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-10 07:31:51' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-10 07:31:51
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new6.9msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 576 where `id` = 4955
      Bindings
      • 0: 576
      • 1: 4955
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new6.36msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 4955, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-10 07:31:51', '2025-04-10 07:31:51')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 4955
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-10 07:31:51
      • 8: 2025-04-10 07:31:51
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new840μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 43 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 43
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.15msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7823 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7823
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.68msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8684 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8684
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.68msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4462 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4462
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.58msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8172 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8172
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.25msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8497 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8497
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.46msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3859 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3859
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.03msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1084 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1084
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new710μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 3 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 3
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5191 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5191
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.63msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5253 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5253
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.47msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5260 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5260
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.24msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5279 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5279
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.63msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4693 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4693
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new740μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new650μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new800μsselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    30Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    21Category.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    4Tag.php#?
    App\User
    3User.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        YFWAHEIxbbN32WVfRJ1GTewsgOJd7F0Jalerqv3b
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-pemeriksaan/testosteron" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-pemeriksaan/testosteron
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.218.121.8" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.218.121.8" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
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