Dexmedetomidine

Dexmedetomidine
Credit: Wesley Medical Research.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Icunes, Kabimidine, Neodex, Precedex.

 

Cara Kerja

Dexmedetomidine merupakan obat sedatif, bekerja di sistem saraf pusat dengan memperlambat aktivitas otak. Dexmedetomidine juga memiliki efek anestesi, mengaktifkan proten khusus pada reseptor tertentu di batang otak, sehingga menghambat pelepasan hormon norepinefrin di otak. Salah satu peran hormon norepinefrin adalah pada kewaspadaan dan fokus manusia.

 

Indikasi

Dexmedetomidine merupakan obat yang digunakan pada pasien perawatan intensif, untuk memberikan efek sedasi atau menurunkan kesadarannya sebelum dipasang mesin ventilator sebagai alat bantu napas. Dexmedetomidine bisa merelaksasi pasien selama ventilator dan intubasi dilakukan.

Obat ini juga digunakan selama prosedur anestesi untuk menyiapkan pasien sebelum operasi atau prosedur medis lainnya.

 

Kontraindikasi

Dexmedetomidine tidak boleh diberikan pada orang-orang dengan kondisi berikut:

  • Memiliki alergi dengan dexmedetomidine
  • Pasien dengan riwayat hipotensi (tekanan darah rendah) yang tak terkendali
  • Gangguan irama jantung (AV blok tingkat 2 dan 3)
  • Gangguan serebrovaskular akut seperti:
    • Stroke
    • Penyempitan pembuluh darah otak
    • Penyempitan ruang antar sumsum tulang belakang
    • Aneurisma, yaitu pelebaran tidak normal pada pembuluh darah yang bisa pecah

 

Efek Samping

Beberapa efek samping yang dapat dialami oleh pasien selama 48 jam pertama setelah pasien berhenti menerima dexmedetomidine adalah:

  • Sakit kepala, bingung, cemas, gelisah
  • Sakit perut, diare, dan konstipasi
  • Kelemahan
  • Keringat berlebih
  • Berat badan menurun
  • Pandangan kabur
  • Nyeri di dada atau irama jantung tidak teratur

 

Sediaan

Sediaan Dexmedetomidin berupa vial cairan injeksi 100 mcg/mL.

 

Dosis

Obat ini diberikan dalam bentuk suntikan pada pasien dewasa. Dexmedetomidine bisa berbentuk sebagai serbuk obat, sehingga obat umumnya diencerkan terlebih dahulu pada konsentrasi 4 mcg/mL dalam larutan infus glukosa 5%, ringer laktat, manitol atau larutan NaCl 0,9% sebelum disuntikkan.

 

Keamanan

Dexmedetomidine harus diberikan oleh tenaga kesehatan terlatih di ruang rawat intensif dengan pengawasan yang ketat. Konsultasikan riwayat kesehatan Anda saat ini, seperti bila Anda sedang hamil atau menyusui, memiliki gangguan jantung atau gangguan hati pada dokter Anda. Hingga saat ini, belum ada studi keamanan dexmedetomidine pada ibu hamil dan janin. Pasien dengan kondisi menyusui tidak boleh menyusui dalam rentang waktu 10 jam setelah menerima dexmedetomidine.

 

Interaksi Obat

Dexmedetomidine dapat berinteraksi dengan obat lain yang menyebabkan rasa kantuk atau memperlambat pernapasan, dan bisa berakibat fatal hingga kematian. Oleh karena itu, Anda harus memberitahu dokter terkait obat-obatan yang sedang Anda konsumsi secara rutin.

Dexmedetomidin juga dapat meningkatkan efek sedatif bila diberikan bersaman dengan anestesi, sedatif lain, hiponotik dan opioid. Dexmedetomidin tidak dapat dikombinasikan dengan antijamur amphotericin B dan antikejang diazepam.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Kevin Luke
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 25 Juli 2022 | 06:23

Dexmetomidin. (2022). Retrieved 20 July 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/dexmedetomidine?mtype=generic

Dexmetomidin. (2022). Retrieved 20 July 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/dexmedetomidin 

Dexmetomidin. (2022). Retrieved 20 July 2022, from https://www.drugs.com/mtm/dexmedetomidine.html

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
      • 0: 9922
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.05msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7481 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7481
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.63msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2654 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.01msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4779 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Healthpedia
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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