Bagaimana Rokok dapat Memengaruhi Kesuburan Pria?

Bagaimana Rokok dapat Memengaruhi Kesuburan Pria?
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Bahaya merokok sudah sering didengungkan di masyarakat. Merokok dapat menyebabkan berbagai penyakit serius seperti kanker paru-paru, penyakit jantung, dan gangguan pernapasan lainnya. Bagi pria, merokok juga dapat memengaruhi kesuburan sehingga dapat menyebabkan Anda dan pasangan sulit memiliki anak. Bagaimana sebenarnya hubungan antara kebiasaan merokok dengan kesuburan pria?

 

Hubungan Antara Merokok dengan Kualitas Sperma

Selain menyebabkan penyakit serius, merokok juga dapat memengaruhi kesuburan Anda, baik pria maupun wanita. Pada pria, merokok diyakini dapat menurunkan kualitas sperma sehingga menyebabkan Anda memiliki masalah kesuburan. Dilansir dari Verywell Family, berikut ini penjelasan bagaimana merokok dapat memengaruhi kuaitas sperma:

1. Merokok dapat Mengurangi Jumlah Sperma

Sebuah penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan merokok tembakau dapat mengurangi jumlah sel sperma yang aktif. Kandungan dalam rokok diketahui dapat merusak antioksidan dan air mani. Sebuah studi menunjukkan bahwa perokok memiliki jumlah sel sperma lebih sedikit 23% jika dibandingkan dengan pria yang tidak merokok.

2. Merokok dapat Merusak DNA Sperma

Selain mengurangi jumlah sel sperma yang sehat, merokok juga dapat merusak DNA sel sperma. Sebuah studi menyebutkan bahwa sperma dari perokok dapat mengalami kerusakan sehingga menyebabkan masalah pada pembuahan, perkembangan embrio, implantasi embrio dan meningkatkan risiko keguguran. Selain itu perokok pria juga dapat memiliki kadar hormon yang abnormal sehingga dapat memengaruhi kesuburan.

3. Merokok Memengaruhi Bentuk Sperma

Morfologi atau bentuk sel sperma juga dapat memengaruhi kesuburan pria. Sel sperma yang bentuknya tidak normal akan sulit untuk berenang dengan lincah dan tidak dapat membuahi sel telur. Penelitian membuktikan bahwa pria yang merokok dapat memiliki sel sperma berbentuk abnormal jika dibandingkan dengan pria yang tidak merokok.

4. Merokok dapat Memengaruhi Motilitas Sel Sperma

Motilitas sel sperma adalah kemampuan sel sperma untuk berenang di dalam rahim sehingga dapat mencapai dan membuahi sel telur. Pada pria perokok, motilitas sel sperma dapat menurun hingga mencapai 13%.

5. Merokok dapat Menyebabkan Disfungsi Ereksi

Dilansir dari Cleveland Clinic, merokok merupakan salah satu faktor disfungsi ereksi sehingga membuat Anda dan pasangan sulit hamil. Menurut Journal of Andrology, pria perokok memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami disfungsi ereksi jika dibandingkan dengan pria yang tidak merokok. Penelitian menyebutkan bahwa pria yang merokok lebih dari 20 batang per hari memiliki kemungkinan 1,5 kali lebih besar mengalami disfungsi ereksi jika dibandingkan dengan pria yang tidak merokok.

Meskipun kualitas sperma dan kesuburan pria merupakan hal yang berbeda namun keduanya saling berkaitan. Kurangnya jumlah sel sperma dan kadar hormon abnormal tidak berarti Anda tidak subur. Namun jika sperma hanya berjumlah sedikit, sulit bergerak dan sulit membuahi sel telur maka hal ini berpengaruh pada keberhasilan peluang kehamilan.

Di sisi lain, kebiasaan merokok juga dapat memengaruhi kesuburan pasangan. Sebuah penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa merokok dapat mengurangi peluang keberhasilan program bayi tabung. Wanita yang memiliki pasangan bukan perokok memiliki tingkat keberhasilan program bayi tabung hingga 38% jika dibandingkan dengan pasangan perokok.

Merokok dapat memengaruhi kesehatan pria dari berbagai aspek. Jika Anda ingin meningkatkan peluang kesuburan dan kualitas sperma, Anda bisa memulai untuk berhenti merokok sekarang juga terutama bagi Anda yang sedang berencana memiliki anak dalam waktu dekat. Apabila Anda mengalami kesulitan untuk berhenti merokok, konsultasikan dengan dokter atau psikolog untuk membantu kondisi Anda.

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Anita Larasati Priyono
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 03:25

FDA. How Smoking Affects Reproductive Health. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/tobacco-products/health-effects-tobacco-use/how-smoking-affects-reproductive-health#

Tang, Q., Pan, F., Wu, X., Nichols, C. E., Wang, X., Xia, Y., London, S. J., & Wu, W. (2019). Semen quality and cigarette smoking in a cohort of healthy fertile men. Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 3(4), e055. https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000055

Gurevich, R. (2020). What Impact Does Male Smoking Have on Sperm and Fertility?. Available from: https://www.verywellfamily.com/male-fertility-and-smoking-1960256

Cleveland Clinic. (2019). How Stopping Smoking Boosts Your Fertility Naturally. Available from: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/how-stopping-smoking-boosts-your-fertility-naturally/

Your Fertility. Smoking. Available from: https://www.yourfertility.org.au/everyone/lifestyle/smoking

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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        Hints
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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