Bahaya Penggunaan Hydroquinone bagi Kulit

Bahaya Penggunaan Hydroquinone bagi Kulit
Credit: Freepik. Penggunaan hidrokuinon yang tepat dosis dapat memberikan manfaat pada kulit.

Bagikan :


Bagi Anda yang mencari skincare untuk mencerahkan wajah, Anda dapat memulai dengan produk eksfoliasi, krim pencerah wajah atau penggunaan vitamin C. Namun terkadang penggunaan produk tersebut tidak dapat menghilangkan bintik hitam membandel seperti hiperpigmentasi atau bekas jerawat. Untuk itu banyak orang memilih pengobatan lain seperti hydroquinone.

 

Apa Itu Hydroquinone?

Hydroquinone adalah senyawa kimia yang memiliki sifat mencerahkan wajah. Penggunaan hydroquinone dalam kosmetik dapat membantu memutihkan wajah dan mengatasi hiperpigmentasi (warna kulit tidak merata).

Pada kasus hiperpigmentasi, area kulit tertentu akan menjadi lebih gelap daripada warna kulit sekitarnya. Kondisi ini terjadi ketika sel kulit memproduksi terlalu banyak melanin yang merupakan zat pemberi warna pada kulit. Jika melanin diproduksi berlebihan, melanin akan menggumpal dan membentuk bercak yang lebih gelap dari kulit.

Ketika Anda menggunakan krim yang mengandung hydroquinone, senyawa tersebut akan mengurangi produksi melanosit penghasil melanin. Akibatnya jumlah melanin menjadi lebih sedikit sehingga kulit tampak lebih cerah. Umumnya perawatan dengan hydroquinone menunjukkan hasil dalam waktu 4 minggu.

 

Benarkah Hydroquinone Berbahaya?

Hydroquinone sering dianggap sebagai bahan kosmetik yang berbahaya bagi kulit. Dilansir dari Healthline, di tahun 1982 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mengungkapkan bahwa penggunaan hydroquinone aman dan efektif.

Namun beberapa tahun kemudian FDA menemukan bahwa banyak dari produk dengan hydroquinone mengandung kontaminan seperti merkuri. Kontaminan ini menimbulkan sejumlah efek samping seperti kulit terbakar dan mengelupas, sehingga produk kosmetik yang mengandung hydroquinone ditarik dari peredaran.

Meskipun demikian, dilansir dari laman Drugs, penggunaan hydroquinone dalam produk kecantikan sebenarnya aman digunakan. Produsen produk kecantikan diperbolehkan menggunakan hydroquinone asalkan tidak melebihih dosis yang dianjurkan yaitu 2-4%.

Dosis yang aman hydroquinone dalam produk kosmetik yaitu:

  • Krim topikal: 2-4%
  • Losion: 2%
  • Emulsi: 4%
  • Obat cair topikal: 2-3%
  • Gel topikal: 2-4%

Untuk mengatasi masalah hiperpigmentasi, produk dengan hydroquinone dapat dioleskan pada area yang mengalami hiperpigmentasi setiap 12 jam. Produk ini tidak dianjurkan untuk anak berusia di bawah 12 tahun. 

Penggunaan hydroquinone di atas dosis yang dianjurkan dapat menimbulkan beberapa efek samping di antaranya:

  • Kulit akan tampak kemerahan, menyengat dan muncul rasa terbakar
  • Kulit tampak pecah-pecah, kering dan berdarah
  • Munculnya lepuhan
  • Mengalami ochronosis, yaitu kulit menjadi kehitaman atau belang kebiruan 

Ochronosis biasanya dialami oleh orang yang menggunakan hydroquinone lebih dari 6 bulan. Kondisi ini bersifat permanen dan sulit dihilangkan.

Untuk itu, jika Anda menggunakan hydroquinone dan belum menunjukkan hasil selama 2 bulan maka sebaiknya segera periksakan ke dokter. Pemakaian hydroquinone terus-menerus dalam jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pigmen wajah.

 

Tips Aman Menggunakan Hydroquinone

Jika digunakan dalam dosis dan cara pakai yang tepat, hydroquinone efektif untuk mencerahkan kulit wajah, meratakan warna kulit dan menghilangkan bekas jerawat. Namun jika digunakan secara berlebihan, hydroquinone dapat menimbulkan sejumlah efek samping berbahaya seperti ochronosis.

Untuk mencegah kerusakan kulit lebih parah, berikut ini beberapa tips menggunakan hydroquinone yang bisa Anda coba:

  • Hindari menggunakan hydroquinone dengan dosis di atas 4%. Batasi penggunaan hydroquinone hanya selama 2 bulan, jika tidak menunjukkan hasil maka segera periksakan ke dokter.
  • Gunakan hydroquinone sesuai anjuran dokter. Hindari menggunakan hydroquinone secara sembarangan, terutama bagi Anda yang memiliki kulit kering dan sensitif.
  • Gunakan sunscreen saat menggunakan hydroquinone
  • Hindari mencampur hydroquinone dengan krim lain secara sembarangan. Beberapa bahan yang sebaiknya tidak digunakan bersamaan dengan hydroquinone di antaranya benzoyl peroxide dan hydrogen peroxide.

 

Secara umum, hydroquinone adalah senyawa yang aman digunakan untuk mencerahkan kulit asal digunakan sesuai anjuran. Apabila Anda mengalami masalah kulit ketika menggunakan hydroquinone maka sebaiknya segera periksakan ke dokter untuk mendapat penanganan. 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Kamis, 13 April 2023 | 12:00

WebMD. Hydroquinone Cream - Uses, Side Effects, and More. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-1347/hydroquinone-topical/details#

RXList. Hydroquinine. Available from: https://www.rxlist.com/consumer_hydroquinone_melquin_3/drugs-condition.htm

Cherney, K. (2022). Everything You Need to Know About Hydroquinone. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/hydroquinone

Multum, C. (2020). Hydroquinone Topical. Available from: https://www.drugs.com/mtm/hydroquinone-topical.html

 

Barrell, A. (2022). What to know about hydroquinone. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/hydroquinone

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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.84msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6381 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 6035
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.1msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8074 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8074
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.32msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2666 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2666
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 9872
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 10041
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.58msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9898 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9898
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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