Kenali Ruam Kulit yang Dapat Menjadi Gejala Covid-19

Kenali Ruam Kulit yang Dapat Menjadi Gejala Covid-19

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Ruam kulit dapat menjadi salah satu gejala Covid-19 yang perlu diwaspadai. Pada beberapa kasus, pasien justru hanya mengalami gejala tidak umum ini sebagai gejala Covid-19 dan bukan gejala utama seperti demam, batuk, dan sesak napas. Lalu, apa beda ruam kulit biasa dengan ruam pada gejala Covid-19?

 

Ruam Kulit sebagai Gejala Covid-19

Dilansir dari laman Health, sebuah penelitian dalam jurnal yang diterbitkan British Journal of Dermatology menyimpulkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara ruam dengan hasil swab positif pasien Covid-19. Dalam penelitian tersebut dinyatakan bahwa 8,8 persen pasien dengan swab posiitif Covid-19 menunjukkan gejala ruam kulit. Ruam tersebut dilaporkan mirip beberapa jenis penyakit kulit tertentu seperti urtikaria, cacar air, biang keringat, dan chilblains. Ruam ini pun dapat muncul dan menghilang secara tiba-tiba.

Beberapa jenis ruam kulit yang dapat muncul sebagai gejala Covid-19 di antaranya:

1. Covid toes

Covid toes atau yang dikenal dengan istilah chilblains adalah kondisi di mana munculnya benjolan warna merah atau keunguan pada jari tangan dan kaki yang nyeri jika ditekan. Ruam ini tidak menyebabkan gatal, namun saat ruam sembuh kemungkinan kulit akan terkelupas dari tempat benjolan tersebut dan meninggalkan bercak bersisik.

 

2. Eksim di leher dan dada

Ruam ini muncul di area leher dan dada yang terpapar sinar matahari. Ruam ini umumnya berwarna merah muda dan gatal. Ruam ini dapat timbul selama atau setelah infeksi berlangsung dan dapat berlangsung berkepanjangan. Jenis ruam ini juga dapat timbul pada pasien yang sebelumnya tidak memiliki riwayat eksim.

 

3. Ruam papular & vesikular

Ruam papular dan vesikular dapat muncul menyerupai biang keringat yang parah. Ruam ini bisa berbentuk benjolan padat menonjol atau berisi cairan. Ruam ini dapat muncul di mana saja, namun biasanya muncul di area siku, lutut, serta belakang tangan dan kaki. Secara umum ruam ini dapat terasa sangat gatal dan dapat bertahan lama setelah tahap menular berakhir.

 

4. Biduran atau urtikaria

Salah satu ruam kulit pada Covid-19 juga bisa tampak seperti gejala biduran. Gejala ini ditandai dengan munculnya bentol kemerahan dan rasa gatal yang hebat. Ruam ini bisa muncul di wajah, lengan, dada, punggung, serta bagian tubuh lainnya. Biduran ini dapat muncul sebagai gejala awal sebelum demam dan juga tetap muncul bahkan hingga masa penularan selesai.

 

5. Eksantema virus

Eksantema virus adalah ruam yang sering dijumpai pada orang yang terinfeksi virus termasuk pada pasien Covid-19. Eksantema adalah ruam dengan banyak bercak kemerahan atau benjolan di seluruh tubuh. Biasanya ruam ini muncul dengan gejala penyakit virus lainnya seperti demam atau batuk.

 

Infeksi virus Covid-19 bukanlah satu-satunya infeksi virus yang menimbulkan ruam, namun pada infeksi Covid-19 ruam menjadi salah satu gejala yang tidak umum dan ruam yang dimunculkan lebih beragam. Beberapa studi menyebutkan bahwa munculnya ruam berkaitan dengan daya imun tubuh saat melawan infeksi virus maupun efek samping obat-obatan.

Jika Anda mengalami ruam kulit kemudian disertai gejala utama seperti demam, batuk dan sesak napas, segera lakukan isolasi mandiri dan lakukan pemeriksaan Covid-19. Jangan lupa untuk selalu melakukan protokol kesehatan seperti menggunakan masker, menjaga jarak dan menjauhi kerumunan.

 

Mau tahu informasi dan artikel kesehatan mengenai penyakit Covid-19? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Ayu Munawaroh, MKK
Last Updated : Jumat, 14 April 2023 | 19:43
  1. Genovese G, et al. Skin Manifestations Associated with COVID-19: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Dermatology 2021;237:1–12.
  2. Sachdeva M, et al. Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: Report of three cases and a review of literature. J Dermatol Sci. 2020 May; 98(2): 75–81.
  3. 8 Types of Rashes That Can Be a Sign of COVID-19. https://www.health.com/condition/infectious-diseases/coronavirus/types-of-rashes-covid-19
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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