Tahapan Pendidikan Seks bagi Anak Sesuai Usianya

Tahapan Pendidikan Seks bagi Anak Sesuai Usianya
Credit: Freepik

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Setiap anak berhak mendapat pendidikan seks yang tepat. Anak-anak yang terbiasa berdiskusi dengan orang tua dan mendapat pendidikan seks akan memiliki perilaku seks yang sehat ketika dewasa. Sayangnya, banyak orang tua yang menunda memberi pendidikan seks pada anak karena merasa tabu atau belum saatnya. Padahal, Anda bisa memberikan pendidikan seks sejak dini sesuai dengan perkembangan anak.

 

Mengapa Anak Perlu Mendapat Pendidikan Seks dari Orang Tua?

Dilansir dari WebMD, orang tua perlu memberi pendidikan seks untuk anak termasuk membiasakan berdiskusi soal seks dengan anak di rumah. Dengan adanya pendidikan seks yang tepat, anak-anak akan terpenuhi rasa ingin tahunya, sehingga dapat mencegah anak-anak melakukan perilaku seksual yang berbahaya dan berisiko. Selain itu adanya pendidikan seks juga dapat meningkatkan kesadaran anak akan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan organ reproduksinya.

Pendidikan seks juga tidak hanya seputar kegiatan seksual. Anda bisa menjelaskan berbagai topik lainnya seperti kehamilan, kontrasepsi, penyakit menular seksual dan bahaya pornografi bagi anak-anak.

 

Pendidikan Seks Sesuai Usia Anak

Agar pendidikan seks bisa dipahami anak dengan baik, orang tua perlu menyampaikan pendidikan seks yang sesuai dengan usia anak-anak. Untuk memudahkan Anda dalam membicarakan seks dengan anak, berikut ini panduan pendidikan seks pada anak sesuai usianya:

Anak usia balita (di bawah 5 tahun)

Edukasi seks di usia balita bisa dimulai dengan mengenalkan anak-anak pada anggota tubuhnya. Anda bisa mengajarkan anak menyebut alat kelamin dengan istilah yang benar seperti “penis” atau “vagina”. Penggunaan bahasa kiasan untuk menyebut alat kelamin justru dapat membingungkan anak ketika berkomunikasi dengan guru atau orang lain.

Di usia ini orang tua juga dapat menjelaskan pada anak mengenai larangan untuk menyentuh organ pribadi orang lain dan sebaliknya, tidak semua orang boleh menyentuh anggota tubuh si kecil. Biasanya, anak juga akan bertanya mengenai bagaimana bayi dibuat. Anda dapat menjelaskannya dengan bahasa sederhana yang mudah dipahami anak seperti “Bayi terbentuk dari pertemuan sel sperma ayah dan sel telur di rahim ibu”. Dengan cara ini, anak akan paham konsep dasar mengenai kehamilan.

Anak usia 6-8 tahun

Setelah melewati usia balita, Anda dapat mulai menjelaskan pada anak mengenai pubertas dan perubahan fisik yang terjadi selama pubertas. Penting untuk memberitahu anak hal seperti apa yang pantas dan tidak pantas. Anjurkan anak untuk mengutarakan pendapatnya bila mereka merasa tidak nyaman dengan sesuatu, dan utarakan bahwa tidak boleh ada orang yang menyentuh tubuh mereka.

Anak usia 9-12 tahun

Di usia ini sebagian anak-anak sudah mulai menunjukkan tanda-tanda pubertas. Pada anak perempuan mereka akan mengalami perubahan ukuran payudara, pembesaran panggul dan menstruasi. Sementara pada anak laki-laki, mereka mereka akan mengalami mimpi basah, ejakulasi, ereksi, juga pembesaran penis dan buah zakar. Jelaskan pada anak bahwa apa yang mereka alami disebabkan oleh perubahan hormon dan merupakan hal yang wajar terjadi sehingga tidak perlu malu mengalaminya. Anda juga bisa menjawab "tidak tahu" bila memang ada pertanyaan anak yang memerlukan Anda untuk mencari tahu informasi lebih lanjut.

Usia 13-18 tahun

Pada usia ini, anak-anak sudah memasuki tahapan persiapan menjadi dewasa. Anda dapat membicarakan soal seks dalam pembahasan yang lebih serius. Misalnya, ketertarikan dengan lawan jenis, keintiman dengan lawan jenis, sexual consent, penyakit menular seksual, kekerasan dalam pacaran dan perilaku seksual berbahaya.

Membicarakan seksual di lingkup keluarga bukan hanya menjadi tantangan bagi orang tua, namun juga anak-anak. Anak-anak mungkin malu untuk berbicara mengenai seks sehingga ragu-ragu untuk bertanya. Agar lebih mudah mejelaskan pada anak, Anda bisa memanfaatkan media lainnya seperti film, buku, atau artikel di internet sebagai sumber referensi. Yang terpenting, anak-anak mendapatkan pendidikan seks dari sumber terpercaya dan tidak terjerumus pada perilaku seks yang berbahaya.

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Jumat, 14 April 2023 | 10:34

Guarnotta, E. (2022). How to Talk to Your Kids About Sex. Available from: https://www.choosingtherapy.com/talk-to-kids-about-sex/

Lindberg, S. (2020). How to Talk to Your Kids About Sex. Available from: https://www.verywellfamily.com/how-to-talk-to-your-kids-about-sex-5069520

Sex Education and Talking with Children about Sex: 9-11 Years. Available from: https://raisingchildren.net.au/pre-teens/development/puberty-sexual-development/sex-education

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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new1.01msselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 1 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.01msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4676 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4676
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8093
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.13msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 72 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 72
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 10093
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.51msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 10039 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 10039
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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        #12025-04-17 02:34:59GET/self-help/pendidikan-seks-sesuai-usia-anak41133148