Kenali Bahaya Polusi pada Kulit dan Cara Pencegahannya

Kenali Bahaya Polusi pada Kulit dan Cara Pencegahannya
Ilustrasi efek polusi pada kulit. Credit: Freepik

Bagikan :


Kulit merupakan bagian tubuh paling luas dalam tubuh manusia. Paparan polutan dan iritan setiap harinya dapat memengaruhi kesehatan kulit. Apa saja efek polusi udara pada kulit dan bisakah efek samping tersebut dicegah? Simak ulasannya berikut ini.

 

Efek Samping Polusi Udara pada Kulit

Polusi udara bukan hanya berbahaya bagi gangguan sistem pernapasan namun juga pada kesehatan kulit. Udara kotor mengandung berbagai zat berbahaya bagi kulit seperti karbon monoksida, ozon, merkuri dan timbal. Selain itu udara kotor juga dapat membawa berbagai bakteri dan jamur yang merusak kulit.

Setiap kulit memiliki mikrobiomanya masing-masing yang terdiri dari bakteri, jamur, dan virus. Kehadiran mikroorganisme tersebut sangat penting dalam membantu melawan zat berbahaya. Untuk dapat menjaga kesehatan kulit, mikrobioma harus tetap seimbang. 

Adanya paparan zat berbahaya seperti polutan udara dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan berlebih bakteri berbahaya. Partikel kabut asap juga dapat menempel di kulit dan menjebak bakteri di dalam pori-pori, menjadikannya tempat yang sempurna untuk berkembangnya jerawat. Mikrobioma yang terganggu juga dapat menyebabkan kerusakan barrier kulit, yaitu lapisan pelindung yang mencegah masuknya alergen.

Beberapa bahaya polusi udara bagi kulit, antara lain:

Jerawat

Jerawat adalah salah satu masalah kulit paling umum yang dapat disebabkan oleh paparan polusi kulit. Polusi dapat menyebabkan kulit menghasilkan sebum atau minyak alami kulit. Minyak alami ini berfungsi untuk melembapkan kulit dan mencegah pertumbuhan bakteri di kulit.

Peningkatan sebum dapat menyebabkan wajah terlalu berminyak sehingga memicu komedo dan jerawat. Selain itu partikel debu dan polutan yang menempel pada kulit wajah jika tidak dibersihkan dengan tuntas juga dapat menyebabkan jerawat.

Penuaan dini

Paparan sinar matahari, debu dan polutan pada udara kotor juga dapat memicu tanda-tanda penuaan dini. Semakin lama Anda terpapar sinar matahari tanpa menggunakan pelindung atau sunscreen yang memadai maka risiko mengalami penuaan dini seperti garis halus, kerutan dan kulit kusam juga semakin meningkat.

 

Baca Juga: Perawatan Harian Bila Memiliki Kulit Sensitif

 

Iritasi kulit

Bagi Anda yang memiliki kulit sensitif, paparan polusi juga dapat memicu iritasi kulit. Tanda iritasi kulit yang paling sering muncul akibat polusi antara lain kulit terasa gatal, kemerahan, bruntusan, kering dan bersisik hingga terasa perih atau nyeri. Meski umumnya tanda iritasi ini tidak berbahaya namun kondisi ini dapat mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari.

 

Alergi

Tanda alergi juga dapat muncul akibat polusi udara. Beberapa tanda alergi yang muncul antara lain kulit gatal, kering, hingga munculnya ruam dan bentol. Anda dapat mengonsumsi obat pereda alergi atau menghindari pencetus alergi yaitu udara kotor.

 

Risiko kanker kulit

Jika dibandingkan dengan polutan udara, faktor utama risiko kanker kulit adalah intensitas dan paparan sinar matahari dalam waktu lama dan tanpa pelindung memadai seperti sunscreen atau penghalang lainnya. Namun paparan polusi dalam jangka panjang juga dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena kanker kulit. 

 

Baca Juga: Masalah Kulit yang Paling Sering Terjadi pada Lansia

 

Cara Mencegah Efek Samping Polusi Udara bagi Kulit

Rajin membersihkan kulit 

Jangan biarkan kotoran sepertu debu dan partikel polutan lainnya mengendap di kulit wajah terlalu lama. Sebaiknya bersihkan kotoran wajah tersebut secara rutin menggunakan skincare yang sesuai dengan jenis kulit Anda.

Untuk membersihkan kulit hingga ke pori-pori, Anda juga bisa melakukan eksfoliasi secara rutin baik secara fisik maupun kimiawi. Setelah membersihkan kulit, gunakan toner dan pelembap untuk mencegah kulit semakin kering. Untuk perawatan kulit sehari-hari, Anda bisa menggunakan skincare yang mengandung antioksidan seperti serum vitamin C untuk menangkal radikal bebas. 

 

Menggunakan sunscreen

Selalu gunakan sunscreen ketika Anda beraktivitas di luar rumah. Pilih sunscreen dengan SPF minimal 30 untuk meminimalisir efek radikal bebas pada kulit.

 

Hindari polutan

Jika memungkinkan, hindari rute atau tempat tinggal yang dekat dengan sumber polutan. Selalu gunakan masker saat keluar rumah untuk mencegah debu masuk ke saluran pernapasan dan kerusakan kulit lebih parah. 

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Selasa, 5 September 2023 | 08:04

Tolia. G. (2023). Air Pollution and Skin Aging. Available from: https://www.icliniq.com/articles/skin-care/air-pollution-and-skin-aging#

Schikowski T, Hüls A. Air Pollution and Skin Aging. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2020 Mar;7(1):58-64. doi: 10.1007/s40572-020-00262-9. PMID: 31927691.

Knight, D. (2022). 10 Pollution-Proofing Products That Protect Your Skin From Smog. Available from: https://www.byrdie.com/pollution-proof-skincare-products-4684766

 

Bard, S. (2020). Brainy Beauty: Can Anti-Pollution Skin Care Really Protect Your Skin?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/brainy-beauty-what-is-anti-pollution-skincare-and-can-it-really-protect-your-skin

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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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