Bagaimana Melindungi Diri saat Terjadi Gunung Meletus

Bagaimana Melindungi Diri saat Terjadi Gunung Meletus
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Bencana alam seperti gunung meletus bisa datang kapan saja. Jika Anda tinggal di sekitar gunung berapi yang masih aktif,  maka sangat penting untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah melindungi diri ketika gunung berapi meletus. 
 

Apa yang Terjadi saat Gunung Berapi Meletus?

Gunung berapi adalah bentukan alam yang di dalamnya berisi bebatuan cair, gas panas, dan material lainnya. Gunung berapi membentuk bukit atau gunung karena lapisan batu atau abu yang terbentuk dari letusan berulang. 
 
Gunung berapi diklasifikasikan aktif, tidak aktif atau mati. Gunung berapi yang tidak aktif artinya tidak meletus untuk waktu yang lama, namun masih bisa meletus di waktu mendatang. Sedangkan gunung berapi yang sudah mati tidak akan meletus. 
 
Tekanan dari gas dan lava di dalam gunung berapi menjadi terlalu tinggi saat gunung bersiap meletus. Letusan dapat menciptakan aliran lahar yang eksplosif atau abu, bebatuan, gas dan kabut vulkanis yang bisa berbahaya bagi manusia dan makhluk hidup lainnya.
 
 

Yang Perlu Dipersiapkan Saat Evakuasi  

Jika Anda tinggal beberapa kilometer saja dari gunung berapi artinya Anda harus siap dievakuasi apabila gunung menunjukkan tanda-tanda erupsi. Menurut CDC, Anda perlu menyiapkan beberapa peralatan yang siap dibawa kapan pun di antaranya: 
  • Senter dan baterai cadangan 
  • Kotak P3K dan obat-obatan 
  • Makanan dan air minum darurat 
  • Pembuka kaleng manual 
  • Sepatu yang kokoh 
  • Masker yang dapat melindungi dari asap dan debu
  • Kacamata 
  • Radio bertenaga baterai 

 

Bahaya Abu Vulkanis bagi Kesehatan

Selain batu yang beterbangan dan lahar panas maupun dingin, abu vulkanis adalah yang paling mungkin menjangkau penduduk lokal. Sangatlah penting untuk menggunakan masker yang melindungi organ pernapasan dengan baik karena partikel abu bisa menyelinap ke paru-paru. 
 
Abu yang masuk ke saluran pernapasan dapat menyebabkan pilek, sakit tenggorokan, batuk kering dan masalah pernapasan lainnya. Anda, bahkan bisa mengalami sesak napas, batuk atau mengi yang bertahan lama. 
 
Abu juga bisa menyebabkan iritasi kulit dan kemerahan. Gunakan pakaian yang menutupi seluruh tubuh ketika hujan abu masih terus turun. 
 
 
 

Cara Melindungi Diri dari Erupsi Gunung Berapi 

Erupsi gunung berapi bisa sangat menakutkan dan membahayakan jiwa. Material vulkanis berupa awan panas maupun bebatuan atau lahar bisa menyebabkan kerusakan pada bangunan. Tinggal di dalam rumah tidak akan menyelamatkan jiwa sehingga ikuti panduan evakuasi dari petugas dan sukarelawan. 
 
Berikut adalah beberapa hal yang perlu diperhatikan untuk melindungi diri saat bencana gunung meletus: 
  • Memperhatikan sinyal, tanda, arahan evakuasi dari petugas dan sukarelawan 
  • Memperhatikan berita di televisi dan radio sebagai informasi tambahan 
  • Mematikan semua alat listrik, kompor dan menutup jendela serta pintu
  • Bersiap menggunakan masker apabila abu sudah sampai di rumah Anda 
  • Menghindar dari area di mana abu atau awan panas turun 
  • Menggunakan kacamata untuk melindungi mata dari abu 
  • Jangan mengendarai kendaraan terkecuali diarahkan untuk mengevakuasi diri 
  • Jangan minum air yang mengandung abu vulkanis 

 

Mengikuti instruksi evakuasi yang diberikan oleh BNPB dan badan-badan lokal merupakan hal yang penting untuk menjamin keselamatan warga yang tinggal di sekitar gunung berapi yang akan meletus. Dengan mengikuti instruksi evakuasi, Anda akan mendapatkan perlindungan yang diperlukan dan memastikan bahwa Anda dan semua masyarakat lain tetap aman ketika gunung berapi meletus.
 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 
Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 22:55
Alexandra Benisek (2022). What to Know About Volcanic Eruption Safety. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-to-know-about-volcanic-eruption-safety
CDC (2022). Key Facts About Preparing for a Volcanic Eruption. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/volcanoes/before.html
National Geographic (2022). Volcanoes. Available from: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/volcanoes
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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