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Pertolongan Pertama pada Luka Bakar Sengatan Sinar Matahari (Sunburn)

Pertolongan Pertama pada Luka Bakar Sengatan Sinar Matahari (Sunburn)
Credits: Freepik

Bagikan :


Luka bakar tidak hanya disebabkan oleh api. Luka bakar juga bisa disebabkan oleh paparan sinar UV matahari.

Luka bakar akibat sengatan matahari yang ringan bisa diobati di rumah, sedangkan luka bakar yang lebih berat perlu mendapatkan perawatan medis darurat. Ketahui bagaimana pertolongan pertama pada luka bakar sengatan sinar matahari.

 

Pertolongan Pertama Sesuai Jenis Luka Bakar Sunburn

Luka bakar akibat sengatan sinar matahari dikategorikan menjadi tiga. Setiap tingkatan luka bakar akan diberikan pertolongan yang berbeda-beda, di antaranya:

 

Luka sunburn tingkat pertama

Sunburn tingkat pertama, yaitu luka bakar akibat sengatan sinar matahari yang menyebabkan kerusakan di jaringan kulit bagian luar atau epidermis. Gejalanya termasuk kulit kemerahan, nyeri, sensasi panas, sensasi kulit yang ketat dan mungkin sedikit bengkak.

Biasanya, sunburn tingkat pertama sembuh dengan sendirinya dalam beberapa hari hingga seminggu. Selama masa pemulihan, kulit akan mengelupas atau terasa kering.

Untuk meredakan rasa nyeri pada sunburn tingkat pertama Anda disarankan melakukan beberapa hal berikut:

  • Mengonsumsi pereda nyeri dan demam seperti parasetamol atau ibuprofen
  • Mencukupi kebutuhan air minum
  • Mandi air dingin
  • Memberikan kompres dingin pada area yang terkena
  • Menghindari paparan sinar matahari sampai luka bakar sembuh
  • Mengaplikasikan pelembap yang mengandung aloe vera, atau krim hidrokortison di area yang terpapar
  • Bila perlu Anda bisa menutup luka dengan pembalut yang ringan untuk mencegah infeksi

 

Baca Juga: Luka Bakar Melepuh? Ini yang Boleh dan Tak Boleh Dilakukan

 

Luka sunburn tingkat dua

Pada luka bakar akibat sinar matahari tingkat dua, kerusakan terjadi pada lapisan tengah atau dermis. Akibatnya Anda akan mengalami lepuhan yang membutuhkan perhatian lebih.

Luka sunburn tingkat dua biasanya ditandai dengan beberapa gejala di antaranya:

  • Kulit yang terlihat berwarna merah lebih gelap
  • Pembengkakan atau lepuhan pada area yang lebih luas
  • Kulit terlihat basah dan berkilau
  • Nyeri
  • Perubahan warna putih di area kulit yang terbakar

Pada sunburn derajat dua, kulit membutuhkan waktu berminggu-minggu untuk sembuh sepenuhnya. Selama proses penyembuhan, penting untuk menjaga area yang terkena bersih dan terlindung.

Berikut adalah langkah pertolongan pertama yang disarankan:

  • Menghindari memecahkan lepuhan yang terbentuk di kulit
  • Memberikan kompres dingin untuk meredakan peradangan dan nyeri
  • Minum banyak air untuk mencegah dehidrasi
  • Menggunakan pelembap yang lembut dan bebas pewangi
  • Membiarkan kulit mengelupas secara alami

Luka sunburn tingkat dua mungkin mengalami infeksi sehingga Anda perlu memeriksakan diri ke dokter apabila suhu tubuh meningkat, merasa kepanasan atau menggigil, pusing, kram otot, kebingungan, kejang, berbicara melantur atau napas tidak teratur.

 

Baca Juga: Bukan dengan Pasta Gigi, Ini Pertolongan Pertama pada Luka Bakar

 

Luka sunburn tingkat tiga

Luka akibat sengatan sinar matahari tingkat tiga mungkin sangat jarang, namun membutuhkan perawatan darurat. Luka jenis ini bisa sangat merusak semua lapisan kulit termasuk lapisan lemak di bawah kulit.

Luka bakar tingkat tiga biasanya lebih sering disebabkan oleh luka bakar kimiawi dan api. Pada luka bakar jenis ini yang bisa dilakukan adalah segera mencari pertolongan medis darurat.

 

Luka sunburn bisa diturunkan risikonya dengan penggunaan tabir surya dengan SPF di atas 50 dan juga aplikasi ulang setiap 90-120 menit atau lebih sering. Batasi pula paparan sinar matahari di atas jam 10 hingga 4 sore, di mana paparan UV paling kuat.

Kenakan pula pakaian atau aksesori pelindung seperti kacamata antiUV, topi, dan pakaian panjang. Ingin tahu lebih banyak cara merawat kulit akibat luka bakar sunburn di rumah? Anda bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi dengan dokter melalui aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh di App Store atau Play Store.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr. Monica Salim
Last Updated : Senin, 10 Juli 2023 | 03:06

Cleveland Clinic (2023). Sunburn. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21858-sunburn 

Mayo Clinic (2022). First aid
Sunburn. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-sunburn/basics/art-20056643 

Joanne Lewsley (2021). What to know about first and second degree sunburn. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sunburn-severity 

Health Direct (2021). Sunburn and sun protection. Available from: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/sunburn 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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