Penyebab Perlengketan Usus dan Cara Pencegahannya

Penyebab Perlengketan Usus dan Cara Pencegahannya
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Pernahkah Anda mendengar usus lengket? Banyak anggapan beredar di masyarakat bahwa menyantap makanan tertentu seperti mi instan dapat membuat usus lengket. Faktanya, usus lengket bukan disebabkan oleh makanan yang kita konsumsi. Lantas, apa sebenarnya penyebab usus lengket?

 

Apa Itu Usus Lengket?

Usus lengket atau adhesi usus adalah kondisi menempelnya organ pencernaan (terutama usus halus) pada dinding abdomen karena adanya jaringan ikat.

Normalnya, jaringan dan organ pencernaan memiliki permukaan yang licin sehingga memudahkan pergerakan organ saat mencerna makanan. Permukaan organ pencernaan dengan dinding perut juga tidak akan menempel ketika Anda bergerak. Namun ketika terjadi luka atau setelah menjalani operasi pada perut, jaringan dan organ bisa menempel pada dinding perut. 

Baca Juga: 4 Cara Pencegahan Kanker Usus Besar

 

Penyebab dan Gejala Perlengketan Usus

Tak sedikit masyarakat kita yang menganggap bahwa penyebab usus lengket adalah makanan yang tidak sehat. Namun menurut National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, penyebab perlengketan usus utama adalah operasi perut. Luka setelah operasi adalah bagian dari proses penyembuhan normal, dan hal tersebut bisa membentuk suatu jaringan ikat antara organ saluran cerna. Kondisi ini dapat membuat organ menjadi mudah menempel pada dinding perut dan masih merupakan hal yang normal.

Selain karena luka operasi, perlengketan usus juga dapat disebabkan oleh suatu peradangan atau infeksi pada perut. Peradangan atau infeksi ini dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa penyakit seperti penyakit Crohn, divertikulitis, endometriosis, dan peritonitis. Pada beberapa kasus, perlengketan usus juga dapat terjadi karena bawaan lahir.

Sebagian besar perlengketan usus tidak menunjukkan gejala. Namun bila jaringan ikat yang menyebabkan perlengketan mulai membuat usus tersumbat atau terpuntir, bisa timbul gejala. Beberapa gejala yang dapat muncul antara lain nyeri perut kronis, perut kembung, konstipasi, sulit kentut, mual dan muntah. Apabila perlengketan usus menyebabkan terhambatnya pasokan darah dan menyebabkan peritonitis (peradangan pada dinding perut bagian dalam), gejala yang ditunjukkan antara lain demam, lemas atau nafsu makan menurun.

Baca Juga: Tanda-Tanda Sakit Perut Akibat Usus Buntu

 

Haruskah Perlengketan Usus Dioperasi?

Karena kondisi ini jarang menimbulkan gejala, langka sekali bagi seseorang untuk memerlukan operasi atas kondisinya. Prosedur operasi mungkin bisa menyebabkan usus semakin lengket atau memunculkan jaringan ikat baru, sehingga prosedur operasi biasanya dihindari, terutama bila pasien baik-baik saja.

Jika perlengketan usus menyebabkan gejala, Anda mungkin disarankan untuk melakukan sejumlah pemeriksaan seperti pemeriksaan fisik, riwayat kesehatan, tes darah, pemeriksaan CT scan, x-ray, atau pemeriksaan pencitraan lain untuk mengetahui keparahan perlengketan usus.

Setelah diketahui tingkat perlengketan usus yang dialami, dokter dapat merekomendasikan beberapa pengobatan, salah satunya dengan pemberian cairan infus. Setelah itu, dokter akan memasukkan suatu selang melalui hidung hingga ke perut pasien untuk mencegah kembung dan mengurangi mual. Pada kondisi di mana perlengketan usus menyebabkan sumbatan pada usus, baik yang baru muncul atau sumbatan berulang, dokter bisa mempertimbangkan prosedur operasi.

 

Bisakah Perlengketan Usus Dicegah?

Mengingat perlengketan usus sebagian besar disebabkan oleh luka operasi usus, maka pencegahan akan sulit dilakukan. Operasi perut umumnya dilakukan karena kebutuhan kesehatan Anda. Untuk itu, pencegahan yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan meminimalisir luka operasi dengan merekomendasikan laparoskopi dibandingkan operasi terbuka, karena luka sayatan pada prosedur laparoskopi lebih kecil.

Perlengketan usus umumnya disebabkan karena operasi perut. Apabila Anda pernah menjalani operasi perut dan merasakan nyeri perut, mual-mual dan perut bengkak maka sebaiknya segera periksakan ke dokter.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Rabu, 10 Mei 2023 | 09:15

What Are Abdominal Adhesions?. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15254-abdominal-adhesions#

Cleveland Clinic. (2020). 4 Best Ways to Take Control of Abdominal Adhesions. Available from: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/4-best-ways-to-take-control-of-abdominal-adhesions/

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease. Abdominal Adhesion. Available from: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/abdominal-adhesions#

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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