• Beranda
  • penyakit
  • Selain Gigi Berlubang, Ini Beberapa Penyakit yang Dapat Menyebabkan Bau Mulut

Selain Gigi Berlubang, Ini Beberapa Penyakit yang Dapat Menyebabkan Bau Mulut

Selain Gigi Berlubang, Ini Beberapa Penyakit yang Dapat Menyebabkan Bau Mulut

Bagikan :


Bau mulut atau halitosis adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan mulut yang sangat mengganggu. Bukan hanya karena makanan, bau mulut ternyata juga bisa disebabkan oleh berbagai kondisi medis lainnya. Umumnya bau mulut yang disebabkan oleh penyakit memiliki bau yang khas, tergantung pada penyebabnya dan organ yang mengalami masalah.

Masalah kesehatan yang menyebabkan bau mulut

Secara umum penyebab bau mulut adalah karena kebersihan mulut yang kurang terjaga. Bau mulut juga dapat disebabkan oleh makanan yang kita makan dan gaya hidup yang tidak sehat. Kebiasaan seperti tidak menyikat gigi secara rutin minimal dua kali sehari menyebabkan sisa makanan menumpuk sehingga memicu tumbuhnya bakteri di antara gigi, gusi dan lidah yang menyebabkan bau mulut.

Dilansir dari WebMD, bau mulut yang tak kunjung hilang juga dapat mengindikasikan gigi berlubang dan penyakit periodontitis atau infeksi gusi yang merusak gigi, jaringan lunak dan penyangga gigi. Penyakit ini perlu ditangani dengan segera agar kerusakan tulang dan gusi tidak bertambah parah.

Selain karena kebersihan mulut yang kurang baik, bau mulut juga dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa masalah kesehatan, di antaranya:

1. Sinusitis

Sinusitis adalah peradangan yang tejadi pada dinding sinus. Sinusitis bisa disebabkan oleh virus yang memicu sinus menghasilkan lendir berlebih sehingga menyebabkan penyumbatan pada hidung. Lendir ini dapat turun dari hidung menuju tenggorokan sehingga menyebabkan bau mulut.

Menurut Mayo Clinic, selain sinusitis, bau mulut juga bisa disebabkan oleh infeksi di area mulut, hidung dan tenggorokan seperti post-nasal drip atau sakit tenggorokan akibat infeksi bakteri juga cenderung mengalami masalah bau mulut.

2. Diabetes

Pada beberapa kasus pasien dengan komplikasi diabetes yang tidak terkontrol, pasien memiliki bau mulut yang khas. Ketika tubuh tidak memiliki insulin yang cukup, tubuh akan menggunakan lemak sebagai sumber energi sehingga menghasilkan keton (ketoasidosis). Senyawa ini memiliki aroma yang khas seperti aroma aseton atau aroma buah-buahan. Apabila senyawa ini tidak terkontrol, jumlahnya akan terakumulasi dalam darah dan dapat memicu kematian.

3. Penyakit asam lambung

Masalah di saluran pencernaan juga dapat menjadi salah satu penyebab penyakit asam lambung. Dilansir dari Everyday Health, asam lambung dan GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease) dapat menghambat proses pencernaan yang kemudian memicu bau mulut yang tidak sedap. Pada beberapa kasus juga dapat dijumpai pasien GERD mengalami peradangan di tenggorokan dan erosi asam di gigi.

4. Gangguan Tidur

Bau mulut saat bau tidur adalah hal yang normal. Produksi air liur yang berkurang saat tidur membuat mulut kering dan bakteri berkembang semakin banyak sehingga menyebabkan timbulnya bau mulut. Orang yang memiliki masalah tidur seperti sleep apnea (gangguan tidur yang menyebabkan pernapasan berhenti sementara saat tidur) dan mendengkur juga cenderung mengalami kesulitan bernapas lewat hidung sehingga bernapas melalui mulut dan menyebabkan bau mulut.

5. Gagal ginjal

Orang dengan masalah ginjal juga dapat memiliki masalah bau mulut. Ginjal berfungsi untuk membuang zat beracun dari dalam darah melalui urine. Pada pasien gagal ginjal, ginjal tidak dapat berfungsi sehingga racun dan zat sisa metabolisme tubuh tidak dapat dibuang melalui urine (air seni). Zat sisa ini kemudian menumpuk dan menyebar ke seluruh tubuh sehingga menimbulkan bau urine (air seni) yang tercium dari mulut.

Untuk mengatasi bau mulut umumnya dapat dilakukan dengan menjaga kebersihan mulut seperti rajin menyikat gigi, berkumur dan membersihkan gigi dengan benang gigi. Namun untuk mengatasi bau mulut akibat masalah kesehatan lainnya, tak bisa diselesaikan hanya dengan menjaga kesehatan mulut. Segera hubungi dokter untuk mendapatkan penanganan yang tepat akibat masalah kesehatan penyebab bau mulut. Jika penyakit yang menyebabkan bau mulut dapat diatasi dengan baik maka bau mulut juga akan kembali normal.

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Senin, 17 April 2023 | 00:59
  1. Alfred D. Wyatt. Dental Health and Bad Breath (2020). Available from : https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/guide/bad-breath
  2. Mayo Clinic. Bad Breath. Available from : https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bad-breath/diagnosis-treatment
  3. Anthony Dailley,dr. 6 Diseases That Cause Bad Breath (2017). Available from : 6 Diseases That Cause Bad Breath - Center for Breath Treatment (breathcure.com) 
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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        #12025-04-17 06:55:17GET/penyakit/penyebab-bau-mulut-selain-gigi-berlubang11130167