Apakah Penyakit Lupus Menular? Begini Penjelasannya

Apakah Penyakit Lupus Menular? Begini Penjelasannya

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Penyakit lupus adalah penyakit autoimun kronis yang menyebabkan peradangan di beberapa bagian tubuh seperti persendian, kulit, dan ginjal. Penyakit ini dapat dialami oleh laki-laki dan wanita, dewasa dan anak-anak namun sebagian besar akan dialami oleh wanita. Hingga kini penyakit lupus belum diketahui penyebabnya dan pengobatan yang ada bertujuan untuk mengurangi gejala-gejala yang muncul.

Gejala penyakit lupus

Pada seseorang yang terkena penyakit lupus, sistem kekebalan tubuhnya tidak bekerja dengan tepat. Alih-alih menyerang sel yang merusak tubuh seperti virus dan bakteri, sistem kekebalan tubuh justru menyerang sel-sel yang sehat yang menyebabkan peradangan.

Beberapa gejala umum lupus di antaranya badan terasa mudah lelah, demam, badan mudah memar, nyeri otot dan persendian, serta muncul ruam-ruam di wajah, leher dan bagian tubuh lainnya. Pada wanita, gejala khas lupus ditandai dengan adanya ruam merah di wajah berbentuk kupu-kupu yang memanjang di kedua pipi hinga ke tulang rahang.

Perkembangan gejala lupus antara satu orang dengan orang yang lain pun berbeda. Ada orang yang memiliki gejala lupus berkembang dengan pesat, namun ada juga yang mengalami perkembangan gejala lupus berkembang dengan sangat lambat.

Apakah penyakit lupus menular?

Penyakit lupus merupakan salah satu penyakit autoimun, yaitu kondisi ketika sistem kekebalan tubuh menyerang dirinya sendiri. Penyebab autoimun hingga kini belum dapat diketahui, namun para ahli menduga bahwa lupus dan penyakit autoimun lainnya dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor genetik, hormon dan lingkungan. Seseorang bisa terlahir dengan gen yang rentan mengalami lupus, lalu terpapar faktor lingkungan yang dapat memicu munculnya gejala lupus.

Meskipun demikian, penyakit lupus bukanlah penyakit menular. Anda tidak bisa tertular penyakit lupus karena bersentuhan, berinteraksi, bergantian alat makan dengan pengidap lupus. Penyakit lupus juga tidak menular dari hubungan seksual.

Faktor risiko penyakit lupus

Ada beberapa kondisi yang menyebabkan seseorang berisiko terkena lupus. Dilansir dari Healthline, beberapa faktor risiko penyakit lupus di antaranya:

  • Berjenis kelamin perempuan
  • Berusia 15-44 tahun di mana penyakit lupus biasanya mulai berkembang
  • Memiliki keluarga yang mengidap lupus
  • Berasal dari keluarga dengan ras Afrika-Amerika, Asia, Amerika Asli dan keturunan kepulauan Pasifik

Apakah penyakit lupus merupakan penyakit keturunan?

Faktor genetik merupakan salah satu pemicu penyakit lupus. Namun demikian, penyakit lupus bukan merupakan penyakit yang dapat diturunkan pada anak. Ibu hamil pengidap lupus tetap dapat melahirkan anak yang sehat tanpa penyakit lupus.

Dilansir dari laman Kemkes, dari semua kasus lupus pada anak, hanya sekitar 7% pasien lupus yang memiliki keluarga dekat baik orang tua maupun saudara kandung yang juga terdiagnosis lupus. Sedangkan untuk kembar identik, kemungkinan salah satu anak kembar terkena lupus hanya sekitar 30%. Angka ini cukup kecil untuk bisa dikatakan bahwa lupus merupakan penyakit keturunan. Selain itu, faktor genetik juga bukan merupakan satu-satunya faktor penyebab penyakit lupus.

Writer : Ratih AI Care
Editor :
  • dr Ayu Munawaroh, MKK
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 08:42

WebMd. What Are the Symptoms of Lupus?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/lupus/understanding-lupus-symptoms.

Lupus. Is Lupus Contagious?. Available from: https://www.lupus.org/resources/is-lupus-contagious#.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Faktor risiko lupus eritematosus sistemik. 

Healthline. Is Lupus Contagious? Tips for Identification and Prevention. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/is-lupus-contagious.

CDC. Having a Healthy Pregnancy with Lupus. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/lupus/basics/pregnancy.htm.

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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.41msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8896 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.4msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 703 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 703
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.89msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1589 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1589
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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        #12025-04-13 21:11:29GET/penyakit/penyakit-lupus-menular3113077