Mengenal Tanda dan Gejala Kanker Ginjal

Mengenal Tanda dan Gejala Kanker Ginjal
Ilustrasi nyeri pada perut bagian kiri. Credits: Freepik.

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Kanker ginjal terjadi ketika sel-sel ganas berkembang di ginjal. Kanker ginjal yang paling umum ditemukan pada orang dewasa adalah jenis karsinoma sel ginjal (RCC), sekitar 90% dari semua kasus kanker ginjal. RCC bisa terjadi pada salah satu atau kedua ginjal sekaligus.

Ada berbagai terapi yang bisa diberikan sesuai stadium kankernya. Pendeteksian dini gejala kanker ginjal memberikan peluang keberhasilan pengobatan. Yuk, kenali gejala dan tanda-tanda kanker ginjal.

 

Tanda dan Gejala Kanker Ginjal

Dalam perkembangan awal kanker ginjal, Anda mungkin tidak menyadari gejala apa pun. Banyak kasus di mana kanker ginjal baru ditemukan ketika seseorang melakukan pemeriksaan pencitraan seperti USG, MRI atau CT scan karena hal lain. Umumnya gejala baru dirasakan ketika tumor sudah semakin besar dan mulai memengaruhi organ lain di sekitarnya.

Berikut ini adalah beberapa gejala yang bisa muncul dari kanker ginjal, di antaranya:

  • Adanya darah di dalam urine yang menyebabkan urine berubah warna menjadi lebih gelap, berwarna seperti karat atau kecokelatan
  • Rasa sakit tajam atau tumpul di bagian samping atau punggung bawah yang tidak disebabkan oleh cedera
  • Adanya benjolan di perut atau di punggung
  • Perasaan kelelahan terus-menerus
  • Penurunan berat badan yang cepat dan tidak disengaja
  • Demam yang datang dan pergi dan tidak disebabkan oleh pilek atau flu, atau infeksi lainnya
  • Tekanan darah tinggi
  • Anemia
  • Kehilangan nafsu makan
  • Pada testis (terutama testis kanan) ditemukan pembesaran sekelompok pembuluh darah vena yang disebut varikokel
  • Pembengkakan pergelangan kaki dan tungkai

Baca Juga: Kebiasaan Sehari-Hari yang Dapat Merusak Ginjal

 

Pemeriksaan dan Pilihan Pengobatan Kanker Ginjal

Beberapa gejala kanker ginjal mirip seperti gejala penyakit pada umumnya, sehingga saat menyadari gejala yang tidak biasa Anda perlu memeriksakan diri ke dokter untuk mendapatkan rekomendasi tes lebih lanjut.

Adapun tes dan pengobatan yang perlu dijalani untuk memberikan hasil diagnosis di antaranya:

Tes darah dan urine

Tes ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi ginjal dan apakah ginjal tidak berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya.

Tes pencitraan

Apabila hasil tes darah atau tes urine mendeteksi kanker ginjal, maka selanjutnya perlu dilakukan tes pencitraan seperti USG, rontgen, CT scan, MRI atau pemindaian tulang untuk mengetahui apakah kanker ginjal telah menyebar ke organ lainnya.

Biopsi

Biopsi adalah tindakan pengambilan sampel jaringan untuk diteliti di bawah mikroskop demi mendapatkan informasi lebih banyak terkait kanker ginjal. Biopsi biasanya tidak diperlukan bila hasil tes pencitraan tidak menunjukkan adanya jaringan kanker.

Pembedahan

Ketika biopsi menunjukkan bahwa sampel jaringan adalah jenis kanker, maka serangkaian tes lainnya akan dijalankan untuk mengetahui stadium kanker yang telah berkembang. Anda juga mungkin membutuhkan pembedahan untuk menghancurkan sel-sel kanker di ginjal atau pengangkatan ginjal untuk mencegah penyebaran sel-sel kanker ke organ lain di dalam tubuh.

Baca Juga: Kenali 8 Gejala Batu Ginjal Berikut Ini

Imunoterapi

Penderita kanker ginjal bisa diberikan imunoterapi untuk meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuhnya sendiri, agar tubuh pasien bisa melawan sel kanker. Biasanya pilihan pengobatan ini ditawarkan pada penderita kanker ginjal stadium lanjut.

Terapi radiasi 

Terapi radiasi umumnya digunakan untuk pengobatan kanker ginjal stadium lanjut untuk membantu mengecilkan tumor dan meringankan gejala yang dirasakan. Pengobatan ini menggunakan gelombang berenergi tinggi untuk membunuh sel kanker.

 

Penting untuk diingat bahwa deteksi dini dapat membantu mengelola kanker ginjal lebih baik. Jika Anda menyadari gejala seperti darah di dalam urine, nyeri di punggung bagian bawah, atau penurunan berat badan yang tidak jelas, pastikan segera berkonsultasi dengan dokter untuk mendapatkan evaluasi lebih lanjut. Anda juga bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store atau Play Store.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Jumat, 22 September 2023 | 04:23

Cancer Council (2023). Kidney Cancer. Available from: https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/kidney-cancer 

Mayo Clinic (2022). Kidney cancer. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20352664 

Cancer.net (2022). Kidney Cancer: Symptoms and Signs. Available from: https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/kidney-cancer/symptoms-and-signs 

American Cancer Society. Kidney Cancer Treatment. Available from: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/kidney-cancer/treating.html 

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    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6393 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.92msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8707 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8707
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.89msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2251 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2251
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.39msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8020 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8020
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.99msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2395 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2395
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.07msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4045 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8312
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.32msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8020 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8020
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6354 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6354
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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    App\Models\TermPolicy
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