Ketahui Penyebab Gangguan Fetish (Fetishistic Disorder)

Ketahui Penyebab Gangguan Fetish (Fetishistic Disorder)
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Fetish seksual pada dasarnya adalah penggunaan suatu objek atau bagian tubuh tertentu selain kelamin untuk mendapat kepuasan seksual. Banyak orang memiliki fetish dan fetish bisa menjadi ekspresi umum terhadap suatu hasrat seksual. Dalam kebanyakan kasus, fetish sendiri bukan termasuk masalah yang serius.

Ketika seseorang merasakan ketertarikan seksual yang intens terhadap benda mati atau bagian tubuh non kelamin yang umumnya tidak dilihat secara seksual, dan hal tersebut menjadi penyebab stres hingga memengaruhi kehidupan sehari-hari secara negatif, hal ini disebut sebagai gangguan fetish atau fetishistic disorder. Ketahui lebih lanjut mengenai apa itu fetishistic disorder dan apa penyebabnya.

 

Apa Itu Fetishistic Disorder?

Fetishistic disorder atau fetish merupakan bentuk parafilia. Namun, kebanyakan orang yang memiliki fetish tidak memenuhi kriteria klinis sebagai gangguan parafilia.

Parafilia sendiri adalah impuls atau pola ketertarikan seksual yang berbeda dari kebanyakan orang pada umumnya. Ketertarikan ini melibatkan pada benda-benda, situasi, kegiatan atau objek yang bagi orang lain dianggap tidak umum atau lazim bisa meningkatkan gairah seksual.

Orang-orang dengan fetish bisa memiliki gairah seksual dengan melihat, menyentuh, merasa atau menghirup bau dari benda tersebut. Contohnya, mereka bisa bergairah karena benda seperti pakaian dalam, sepatu, apron, pakaian berbahan tertentu sepertik lateks, karet atau kulit, dan lain-lain, Ada juga orang yang memiliki gairah seksual karena anggota tubuh non kelamin, seperti kaki.

Seseorang dianggap memiliki gangguan fetish bila fetish sudah menghambat seseorang untuk terlibat secara intim dengan pasangan atau mengganggu fungsi sosial, pekerjaan dan hubungan pribadi. Kondisi ini juga sudah dirasakan dalam waktu 6 bulan atau lebih.

Baca Juga: Dampak Gangguan Kecemasan (Anxiety) pada Kondisi Fisik

 

Bagaimana Fetish Bisa Berkembang pada Seseorang?

Penyebab fetish sendiri tidak sepenuhnya dipahami. Beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa fetish mungkin dipengaruhi banyak faktor, di antaranya:

Pengalaman masa kanak-kanak

Fetish biasanya berkembang di usia pubertas, saat anak-anak memasuki masa remaja. Perkembangan fetish di usia ini diteorikan mungkin dipengaruhi oleh pengalaman seksual langsung atau masturbasi di usia remaja yang dialami saat dini. Diteorikan juga mungkin ada benda yang saat kecil dikaitkan dengan gairah seksual dan hal tersebut menyebabkan mereka memiliki suatu fetish. 

Faktor neurobiologis

Penelitian antara faktor neurobiologis dengan berkembangnya fetish hingga saat ini masih dalam tahap penelitian. Namun, beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa beberapa area otak mungkin terlibat dalam perkembangan preferensi atau ketertarikan seksual tertentu. Diteorikan bahwa fetish kaki mungkin muncul karena area otak yang mengolah informasi dari kaki, berdekatan dengan area otak yang mengolah informasi sensorik dari kelamin. Dari teori tersebut, diduga ada suatu persilangan sel saraf antara dua area otak tersebut yang membuat kaki sebagai bagian tubuh yang banyak menjadi fetish orang-orang.

Faktor lingkungan

Faktor lingkungan dapat memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk preferensi seksual melalui pengalaman, pembelajaran dan interaksi dengan lingkungan. Pengalaman masa kanak-kanak terkait dengan kejadian atau objek terentu bisa memengaruhi preferensi seksual di masa mendatang.

Norma-norma sosial dan budaya, interaksi sosial dan pengaruh keluarga juga turut memengaruhi seseorang dalam mengembangkan preferensi seksualnya.

Baca Juga: Trauma Masa Kecil dan Dampaknya Bagi Hubungan di Masa Depan

 

Pengobatan Fetishistic Disorder

Fetish yang sampai mengganggu kehidupan dan menyebabkan stres yang signifikan sebaiknya diatasi. Sangat bahaya bila keinginan dan perilaku sampai membawa Anda ke dalam ranah hukum. Terapi dari ahli profesional yang bisa didapat antara lain:

Terapi seksual

Terapi seksual dengan seorang terapi seks bersertifikat dapat membantu memahami mengenai masalah terkait fetish yang dialami. Terapis dapat memberikan lingkungan yang aman, penilaian yang objektif dan pengetahuan untuk membantu mengelola ketertarikan seksual secara positif.

Terapis juga akan menilai faktor-faktor yang mungkin berkontribusi terhadap munculnya fetish, bagaimana gejala yang dialami dan apa saja yang dapat memengaruhi munculnya pikiran atau dorongan fetish tersebut. Bila ada kondisi psikologis lain yang mungkin menyertai selain masalah fetish, kondisi tersebut juga akan dievaluasi.

Terapi perilaku kognitif (CBT)

Beberapa teknik dalam terapi perilaku kognitif dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab yang mendasari, mengevaluasi serta mengubah pikiran atau keyakinan yang mendasari perilaku fetish. Terapi ini juga dapat membantu mengubah kaitan antara fetish dengan perilaku seksual, serta mengurangi kecenderungan untuk merespons atau tergoda pada objek atau situasi yang memicu fetish.

Pengobatan

Pengobatan seperti Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) bisa menjadi salah satu opsi terapi. Obat ini adalah sejenis antidepresan yang bisa membantu mengatasi gejala pada gangguan fetish. SSRI memengaruhi kadar serotonin otak dan membantu menstabilkan suasana hati serta mengurangi gejala depresi atau kecemasan.

SSRI bisa membantu mengurangi kecemasan atau depresi yang dapat dialami pasien, perilaku obsesif serta gairah seksual tinggi yang dikaitkan dengan gangguan fetish. Berkurangnya gairah seksual bisa membantu perilaku impulsif yang dikaitkan dengan fetish. Namun perlu dicatat bahwa obat ini tidak mengatasi penyebab munculnya dorongan fetish.

 

Tak perlu malu untuk mencari pengobatan atau konsultasi terkait dengan gangguan fetish. Apabila pertemuan tatap muka mungkin terasa sulit bagi Anda, Anda bisa memanfaatkan layanan konsultasi kesehatan dengan mengunduh aplikasi Ai Care melalui App Store atau Play Store dan mendapatkan rekomendasi yang sesuai dengan kondisi Anda.

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 20 November 2023 | 16:23

Psychology Today (2022). Fetishistic Disorder. Available from: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/fetishistic-disorder 

George R. Brown (2023). Fetishistic Disorder. Available from: https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/paraphilias-and-paraphilic-disorders/fetishistic-disorder 

John M. Grohol, Psy. D (2021). Fetishistic Disorder Symptoms. Available from: https://psychcentral.com/disorders/fetishism-symptoms 

WebMD (2022). Paraphilias. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/sexual-conditions/paraphilias-overview 

Indigo Stray Conger, LMFT, CST (2020). Fetishistic Disorder: Causes & Treatment Options. Available from: https://www.choosingtherapy.com/fetishistic-disorder/ 

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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