Hal-Hal yang Dapat Menyebabkan Hipotermia

Hal-Hal yang Dapat Menyebabkan Hipotermia
Ilustrasi orang mengalami hipotermia. Credits: Freepik

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Hipotermia termasuk kondisi medis serius yang terjadi saat suhu tubuh turun di bawah suhu normal. Dalam situasi ini, organ-organ tubuh tidak menerima cukup suplai darah dan oksigen. Pada akhirnya, tubuh akan mengalami kerusakan jangka panjang hingga kematian.

Dalam artikel ini, Anda bisa mengetahui apa sebenarnya yang dapat menyebabkan seseorang mengalami hipotermia. Simak ulasannya, yuk!

 

Suhu Tubuh Normal Vs Suhu Tubuh Hipotermia

Tubuh sebenarnya mirip seperti tungku kecil yang akan mengeluarkan panas tubuh sepanjang waktu. Panas ini berasal dari tubuh yang berfungsi menjaga kinerjanya agar tetap optimal.

Suhu tubuh normal setiap orang tidak sama. Menurut penelitian, suhu tubuh normal kebanyakan orang dewasa berkisar antara 36,1 hingga 37,2 derajat Celsius. Sedangkan suhu tubuh normal anak-anak berkisar 36,6 hingga 37,2 derajat Celsius.

Suhu tubuh juga tidak selalu sama sepanjang hari, tergantung pada waktu, usia, jenis kelamin, apa yang telah dimakan dan diminum, seberapa aktif bergerak serta apakah sedang dalam siklus menstruasi atau tidak.

Suhu tubuh saat hipotermia dikategorikan menjadi tiga, di antaranya:

  • Hipotermia ringan berkisar 32,2 hingga 35 derajat Celsius
  • Hipotermia sedang berkisar 27,7 hingga 32,2 derajat Celsius
  • Hipotermia parah berkisar kurang dari 27,7 derajat Celsius

Baca Juga: Ketahui Ciri-Ciri Saat Seseorang Terserang Hipotermia

 

Hal-Hal yang Dapat Menyebabkan Hipotermia

Hipotermia terjadi ketika tubuh kehilangan panas tubuh lebih cepat daripada yang dihasilkan. Penyebab hipotermia sendiri bisa beragam. Salah satu yang paling umum adalah paparan kondisi cuaca dingin atau air dingin.

Beberapa penyebab hipotermia di antaranya:

  • Mengenakan pakaian yang kurang memadai atau tidak cukup hangat di cuaca dingin
  • Berada di luar ruangan saat cuaca dingin dalam waktu yang terlalu lama
  • Tidak bisa mengganti pakaian yang basah atau berpindah ke lokasi yang hangat dan kering saat pakaian basah
  • Jatuh ke air dalam waktu yang sangat lama
  • Tinggal di lingkungan yang suhunya terlalu dingin

Baca Juga: Pertolongan Pertama pada Hipotermia

 

Berada di Suhu Dingin, Ini Cara Agar tidak Hipotermia

Ada waktu di mana Anda mungkin berada di lingkungan dengan suhu yang terlalu dingin, entah karena perubahan suhu akibat cuaca, atau sedang mendaki gunung. Pada saat ini Anda harus mengingat COLD (Cover, Overexertion, Layers, Dry).

Berikut adalah beberapa cara agar terhindar dari hipotermia saat berada di suhu dingin, di antaranya:

  • Cover adalah mengenakan topi atau menutupi dengan kain untuk melindungi kepala, wajah dan leher agar panas tubuh tidak keluar. Selain itu, tutupi pula tangan dengan sarung tangan tebal agar tetap hangat
  • Overexertion adalah menghindari aktivitas yang justru membuat tubuh banyak berkeringat. Pakaian basah dan cuaca dingin cenderung menyebabkan tubuh lebih cepat kehilangan panas
  • Layers adalah mengenakan pakaian yang longgar, ringan namun berlapis. Pakaian paling luar sebaiknya terbuat dari bahan anti-air yang dapat memberikan perlindungan terbaik. Kemudian, lapisan selanjutnya sebaiknya terbuat dari bahan wol, sutra atau polipropilen yang dapat menahan panas tubuh lebih baik daripada katun
  • Dry adalah menjaga tubuh tetap kering. Jika pakaian Anda basah, maka Anda harus segera menggantinya. Jaga pula agar tangan dan kaki tetap kering

 

Saat Anda menyadari bahwa suhu tubuh turun di bawah 35 derajat Celsius atau merasakan gejala hipotermia, maka segera cari pertolongan medis ke rumah sakit atau fasilitas kesehatan terdekat.

Anda juga dapat memanfaatkan fitur konsultasi bersama dokter melalui aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh di Play Store atau App Store. 

 

Mau tahu tips dan trik kesehatan, pertolongan pertama, dan home remedies lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Rabu, 11 Oktober 2023 | 10:57

Mayo Clinic (2022). Hypothermia. Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothermia/symptoms-causes/syc-20352682

Rebecca Buffum Taylor (2021). Hypothermia. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-hypothermia

WebMD (2021). What Is Normal Body Temperature?. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/first-aid/normal-body-temperature

 

Cleveland Clinic (2019). Hypothermia (Low Body Temperature). Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21164-hypothermia-low-body-temperature

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.49msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6283 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6283
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.41msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5607 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5607
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.54msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 248 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 10137
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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    App\User
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    App\Models\Admin\Page
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