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Cara Aman dan Efektif Minum Paracetamol saat Sakit Kepala

Cara Aman dan Efektif Minum Paracetamol saat Sakit Kepala
Ilustrasi obat paracetamol. Credits: Freepik

Bagikan :


Sakit kepala menjadi gangguan yang umum dialami banyak orang. Meskipun sakit kepala ada banyak penyebabnya, paracetamol sering menjadi pilihan obat utama untuk meredakan sakit kepala.

Paracetamol dikenal memiliki efektivitas dalam meredakan rasa sakit kepala ringan hingga sedang, dan nyeri lainnya. Namun, sangat penting untuk memahami cara minum paracetamol agar tetap aman dan efektif.

 

Apa itu Paracetamol?

Paracetamol atau asetaminofen merupakan obat pereda nyeri dan penurun demam yang dijual bebas dan bisa dibeli tanpa resep dokter. Obat ini bekerja dengan cara menghambat produksi zat kimia di otak yang disebut prostaglandin, yang menyebabkan rasa sakit dan peradangan.

Dibandingkan dengan obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid seperti ibuprofen, paracetamol memiliki risiko efek samping yang lebih rendah terhadap pencernaan. Ini membuat paracetamol lebih aman dikonsumsi mereka yang memiliki gangguan lambung.

Baca Juga: Tiga Jenis Sakit Kepala Akibat Begadang

 

Dosis Paracetamol untuk Sakit Kepala

Salah satu hal penting yang perlu diketahui sebelum minum obat paracetamol adalah mengetahui dosis yang tepat. Dosis paracetamol bergantung pada usia dan kondisi kesehatan.

Berikut adalah panduan dosis paracetamol secara umum:

  • Dewasa: 500-1000 mg setiap 4-6 jam, tidak boleh melebihi 4.000 mg dalam 24 jam
  • Anak-anak: disarankan untuk berkonsultasi dengan dokter anak atau membaca petunjuk pemakaian yang tertera di label kemasan. Untuk anak yang lebih kecil, dosis perlu disesuaikan dengan berat badan dan usia

Baca Juga: Brain Freeze, Sakit Kepala Tiba-Tiba saat Makan atau Minum yang Dingin

 

Cara Minum Paracetamol dengan Aman

Untuk memastikan keamanan dan efektivitas paracetamol, ikuti panduan minum paracetamol sebagai berikut:

  • Memperhatikan jenis obat lain yang sedang dikonsumsi dan hindari meminumnya secara asal. Banyak obat bebas, seperti obat flu dan pilek, juga mengandung paracetamol sebagai bahan aktif. Jika Anda mengonsumsi beberapa jenis obat sekaligus, pastikan total dosis paracetamol yang Anda terima tidak melebihi batas yang disarankan.
  • Tidak mengonsumsi paracetamol bersamaan dengan alkohol, karena alkohol dapat meningkatkan risiko kerusakan hati.
  • Bila memiliki kondisi kesehatan tertentu seperti gangguan hati, penyakit ginjal, sedang hamil atau menyusui, sebaiknya berkonsultasi dengan dokter terlebih dahulu sebelum minum paracetamol.
  • Disarankan untuk minum paracetamol dengan segelas air penuh untuk membantu proses penyerapan obat. Hindari mengonsumsinya dengan minuman yang mengandung kafein seperti teh, kopi atau soda, atau minuman lain yang dapat memicu peningkatan asam lambung.

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Mengonsumsi paracetamol berlebihan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan hati. Segera berkonsultasi dengan dokter apabila mengalami tanda-tanda awal overdosis seperti mual, muntah, kehilangan nafsu makan, sakit perut, atau jaundice (kulit dan mata tampak kuning).

Apabila sakit kepala berlanjut meskipun sudah minum paracetamol dengan dosis yang tepat, sebaiknya segera periksakan diri ke dokter. Sakit kepala yang tidak mereda bisa menjadi tanda masalah kesehatan yang lebih serius seperti migrain atau tekanan darah tinggi.

Anda juga bisa berkonsultasi dengan dokter melalui aplikasi Ai Care yang bisa diunduh di App Store atau Play Store.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainya? Cek di sini, yah!

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Selasa, 8 Oktober 2024 | 10:25

NHS UK (2022). How and when to take paracetamol for adults. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/paracetamol-for-adults/how-and-when-to-take-paracetamol-for-adults/ 

NHS Inform (2024). Paracetamol. Available from: https://www.nhsinform.scot/tests-and-treatments/medicines-and-medical-aids/types-of-medicine/paracetamol/ 

Health Direct (2023). Paracetamol. Available from: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/paracetamol 

Cleveland Clinic (2022). Headaches. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9639-headaches 

NSW Government. Paracetamol overdose. Available from: https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/networks/eci/clinical/clinical-tools/toxicology/paracetamol 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Bindings
      • 0: 8646
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      • 0: 9631
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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