Fingolimod

Fingolimod
Gilenya adalah fingolimod yang tersedia dalam sediaan kapsul 0,5 mg.

Bagikan :


Brand/Nama Lain

Gilenya

 

Cara Kerja

Fingolimod adalah obat modulator reseptor sfingosin 1-fosfat. Obat ini diberikan pada pasien sklerosis multipel, yaitu penyakit yang menyerang selaput mielin sel saraf dan memengaruhi sistem saraf pusat (otak serta sumsum tulang belakang).

Karena selaput mielin tersebut diserang oleh sel kekebalan tubuh sendiri (limfosit), fingolimod bekerja dengan menghambat limfosit (salah satu jenis sel darah putih) tersebut untuk keluar dari kelenjar getah bening. Akibatnya, jumlah limfosit yang berada di sistem saraf pusat akan berkurang dan diharapkan peradangan yang terjadi pada sistem saraf pusat turut berkurang.

 

Indikasi

Fingolimod diberikan pada pasien yang menderita salah satu jenis sklerosis multipel, yaitu RRMS (Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis). Pada jenis penyakit ini, terjadi perburukan atau relaps gejala penyakit yang diikuti dengan periode perbaikan atau kesembuhan total (remisi). Gejala yang muncul bisa berlangsung selama beberapa hari hingga beberapa minggu.

Obat ini diberikan pada pasien RRMS berat dan tidak membaik dengan minimal satu jenis terapi lain yang diberikan untuk menahan perburukan penyakit dan mengurangi frekuensi kekambuhan. Hanya pasien dewasa dan anak berusia 10 tahun ke atas yang bisa menerima fingolimod.

 

Kontraindikasi

Fingolimod tidak boleh diberikan pada ibu menyusui dan orang-orang dengan kondisi berikut:

  • Sindrom imunodefisiensi, yaitu sekelompok penyakit yang membuat tubuh tidak bisa melindungi dirinya sendiri dari zat asing seperti bakteri atau virus
  • Keganasan atau kanker yang aktif
  • Infeksi aktif berat atau infeksi yang sudah berlangsung lama (hepatitis, TB, dll.)
  • Memiliki riwayat serangan jantung, stroke atau gagal jantung yang memerlukan rawat inap dalam 6 bulan terakhir
  • Gangguan organ hati berat
  • Sedang dalam pengobatan antiaritmia (obat gangguan irama jantung) kelas Ia atau III

 

Efek Samping

Pemberian fingolimod bisa menimbulkan efek samping, dan gejala yang timbul bisa beragam pada berbagai pasien. Berikut adalah beberapa efek samping yang bisa muncul, yaitu:

  • Nyeri punggung
  • Batuk
  • Diare
  • Sakit kepala
  • Influenza
  • Perubahan tekanan darah 
  • Jantung berdetak cepat
  • Nyeri dada
  • Pusing
  • Lelah
  • Sesak, dan lain-lain

 

Sediaan

Di Indonesia, fingolimod beredar dalam sediaan kapsul sebesar 0,5 mg.

 

Dosis

Pada kasus sklerosis multipel yang mengalami perburukan gejala atau munculnya gejala baru, obat diberikan dengan dosis 0,5 mg sekali sehari. 

 

Keamanan

Obat ini harus dihentikan 2 bulan sebelum perencanaan kehamilan karena dapat meningkatkan risiko keguguran. Sementara itu pada wanita hamil, obat ini tergolong sebagai kategori C FDA. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan di hewan uji coba, terdapat risiko yang muncul pada janin yang dikandung hewan tersebut. Belum ada penelitian yang cukup memadai dan terkontrol dengan baik pada wanita hamil. Obat ini bisa diberikan bila potensi manfaat obat lebih besar dibandingkan kemungkinan risiko yang dapat muncul.

 

Interaksi Obat

  • Pemberian fingolimod bersama obat antineoplastik (salah satu jenis obat kanker), penekan sistem imun dan obat imunomodulator (yang memengaruhi sistem imun) bisa meningkatkan risiko penurunan fungsi kekebalan tubuh
  • Risiko terjadinya bradikardia (denyut jantung lebih lambat dari normal <60 kali/menit) bisa meningkat bila fingolimod diberikan bersama obat yang memperlambat detak jantung
  • Bila pasien menerima vaksin ketika dalam pengobatan fingolimod, bisa menurunkan respon imun terhadap vaksinasi
  • Efek obat antiaritmia (obat gangguan irama jantung) kelas Ia atau III akan meningkat bila diberikan bersama fingolimod

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar obat-obatan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

 

 

Writer : dr Arifin Muhammad Siregar
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Senin, 31 Juli 2023 | 09:51

Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional. (2022).Monografi- Fingoglimod Retrieved 18 September 2022, from https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/fingolimod

MIMS Indonesia. (2022). Fingoglimod: Indication, Dosage, Side Effect, Precaution. Retrieved 18 September 2022, from https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/fingolimod?mtype=generic

Clinical Key. (2022). Drug monograph- fingoglimod. Retrieved 18 september 2022, from https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/drug_monograph/6-s2.0-3705

FDA/CEDR resources page. Food and Drug Administration Web site. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/022527s031lbl.pdf. Accessed 18 September 2022. 

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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