Vitamin B3

Vitamin B3

Bagikan :


Brand/nama lain

Metcom B-Plex, Sanvita-B, Surbex-Z, Recovit, Panvit-C, Niacef Acne Gel

Cara Kerja

Dikenal juga dengan niacin atau asam nikotinat, merupakan vitamin larut air yang berfungsi sebagai pembantu enzim dalam proses metabolisme protein, karbohidrat, dan lemak. Vitamin B3 juga berperan dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol jahat (LDL) dan meningkatkan kadar kolesterol baik (HDL) di dalam tubuh.

Indikasi

  1. Menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah yang tinggi (hiperlipidemia)
  2. Sebagai pencegahan dan pengobatan dari kekurangan asam nikotinat yang dikenal dengan pellagra
  3. Jerawat meradang derajat ringan hingga sedang

Kontraindikasi

  1. Penyakit ulkus atau tukak lambung
  2. Penyakit liver fase aktif atau adanya peningkatan kadar enzim transaminase (penanda gangguan liver)
  3. Riwayat alergi atau hipersensitif terhadap vitamin B3 yang ditandai dengan biduran atau bengkak pada wajah dan kelopak mata setelah konsumsi vitamin ini

Efek Samping

  • Gejala pencernaan seperti mual, muntah, diare
  • Wajah kemerahan
  • Pusing berputar
  • Jantung berdebar-debar
  • Peningkatan kadar gula darah
  • Gangguan liver
  • Pandangan mata buram
  • Peningkatan kadar asam urat darah.

Sediaan

  1. Gel 4% (Vitamin B3 berbentuk gel merupakan golongan obat keras)
  2. Tablet 20 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg
  3. Sirup 10 mg/5mL, 20 mg/5mL

Dosis

Pencegahan dari kekurangan asam nikotinat

  • Dosis dapat disesuaikan dengan angka kecukupan gizi harian yang sudah ditentukan. Dibawah ini merupakan nilai angka kecukupan gizi harian:
    • Bayi usia 0 – 6 bulan: 2 mg/hari
    • Anak usia 6 – 12 bulan: 3 mg/hari
    • Anak usia 1 – 4 tahun: 6 mg/hari
    • Anak usia 4 – 9 tahun: 8 mg/hari
    • Anak usia 9 – 14 tahun: 12 mg/hari
    • Anak usia 14 -18 tahun dan dewasa: 14 – 16 mg/hari
    • Ibu hamil: 18 mg/hari
    • Ibu menyusui: 17 mg/hari

Pengobatan kekurangan asam nikotinat yang dikenal dengan pellagra

  • Dosis dewasa: 300 – 500 mg per hari dalam dosis terbagi
  • Dosis anak: 100 – 300 mg per hari dalam dosis terbagi

Menurunkan kadar kolesterol dalam darah yang tinggi (hiperlipidemia)

  • Dosis dewasa: dosis awal 250 mg sekali sehari tiap malam dan dosis kemudian dinaikkan bertahap tiap 4 – 7 hari hingga mendapatkan kadar kolesterol normal atau hingga mencapai dosis maksimal.

Jerawat meradang derajat ringan hingga sedang

  • Dosis dewasa: oleskan gel 4% pada area jerawat sebanyak 2 kali dalam sehari.

Keamanan

Kehamilan:

Termasuk FDA kategori C (terdapat penelitian pada hewan uji coba yang menunjukkan adanya efek samping pada janin namun tidak ada penelitian terkontrol baik dan memadai pada manusia) sehingga potensi manfaat dan risiko obat perlu dipertimbangkan dan digunakan dengan hati-hati pada ibu hamil.

Interaksi Obat

Obat penurun kadar kolesterol darah golongan statin (misalnya simvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin) yang digunakan bersamaan dengan vitamin B3 dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kerusakan otot berat yang dikenal dengan rabdomiolisis.

Writer : dr Apri Haryono Hafid
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Selasa, 25 Januari 2022 | 03:48

Peechakara BV, Gupta M. Vitamin B3. (2021). Retrieved 23 January 2022, from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526107/

Mims Indonesia. Nicotinic acid. Retrieved 23 January 2022, from: https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/nicotinic%20acid?mtype=generic

Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan. Vitamin B3. Retrieved 23 January 2022, from: https://cekbpom.pom.go.id//home/produk/tb0rjptmb8helcpbdo8ofg9re2/all/row/10/page/1/order/4/DESC/search/5/vitamin%20b3

Medscape. Niacin. Retrieved 23 January 2022, from: https://reference.medscape.com/drug/vitamin-b3-niacor-niacin-344422#3

Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan. Asam nikotinat. Retrieved 23 January 2022, from: http://pionas.pom.go.id/ioni/bab-2-sistem-kardiovaskuler-0/210-hipolipidemik/2105-asam-nikotinat

Drugs.com. Niacin. (2020). Retrieved 23 January 2022, from: https://www.drugs.com/mca/niacin

Drugs.com. Niacin. (2021). Retrieved 23 January 2022, from: https://www.drugs.com/pro/niacin.html

Drugs.com Niacin. (2020). Retrieved 23 January 2022, from: https://www.drugs.com/niacin.html

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      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.36msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7343 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7343
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.26msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 10134 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.17msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9822 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 9822
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.11msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7398 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7398
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.02msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6474 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6474
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.06msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4973 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4973
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.38msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2076 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 2358
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7564
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.37msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7482 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7482
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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    App\Models\Admin\Category
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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