Dextromethorphan

Dextromethorphan

Bagikan :


Brand/nama lain

Actifed Plus Cough Suppresant, Alco Plus Dmp, Anadex, Anakonidin, Anaton, Andonex, Antiza, Benaxol Dtm, Benadryl, Brocon, Bronchopen, Mextril, Mixadin, Mixaflu, Oskadryl, Paratenza, Tuzalos, Tuseran, Trifabat, Intunal, Komix, Seledryl, Siladex Cough & Cold, Procold, Remco Cough.

 

Cara Kerja

Dextromethorphan bekerja sebagai penekan refleks batuk. Obat ini menghambat alur transmisi refleks batuk di sistem saraf pusat (otak dan medula) sehingga dapat mengurangi sensitivitas rangsang batuk. Penekanan refleks batuk ini akhirnya dapat meringankan gejala batuk.

 

Indikasi

Dextromethorphan biasanya diberikan pada kondisi batuk kering atau tidak berdahak.

 

Kontraindikasi

Beberapa kontraindikasi atau kondisi yang tidak diperbolehkan untuk mengonsumsi dextromethorphan antara lain kondisi medis berupa:

  • Asma
  • Batuk berdahak kronis
  • Radang pada saluran bronkus (bronkitis)
  • Kerusakan kantung udara di paru-paru (emfisema)
  • Penyakit liver atau hati
  • Adanya riwayat hipersenstivitas atau alergi terhadap dextromethorphan (misalnya biduran atau bengkak pada kelopak mata setelah konsumsi dextromethorphan)
  • Anak yang berusia kurang dari 12 tahun

 

Efek Samping

Beberapa efek samping yang dapat muncul di antaranya:

  • Gejala pencernaan seperti sakit perut, diare, mual, atau muntah
  • Mengantuk
  • Pusing
  • Insomnia
  • Rasa gugup
  • Kejang
  • Kebingungan dan penurunan kesadaran

Gejala psikosis dan pernapasan juga dapat muncul pada dosis besar, yaitu halusinasi, hiperaktif, atau sulit bernapas.

 

Sediaan

Obat ini tersedia dalam bentuk tablet, kaplet, kapsul, dan sirup.

 

Dosis

Obat ini digunakan dengan tujuan untuk menekan refleks batuk. Obat dapat dikonsumsi bersamaan atau setelah makan.

Dosis dewasa:

10 – 20 mg, setiap 4 jam, atau 30 mg tiap 6 – 8 jam (dosis maksimal 120 mg per hari)

Dosis anak >12 tahun:

Dosis sama seperti dosis dewasa, atau 1 mg/kgBB/hari dalam 3-4 dosis terbagi.

 

Keamanan

Kehamilan:

Termasuk FDA kategori C (terdapat penelitian pada hewan uji coba yang menunjukkan adanya efek samping pada janin namun tidak ada penelitian terkontrol baik dan memadai pada manusia) sehingga potensi manfaat dan risiko obat perlu dipertimbangkan dan digunakan dengan hati-hati pada ibu hamil.

 

Interaksi Obat

Obat-obatan antidepresan golongan SSRI seperti sitalopram, fluoksetin, dan sertraline dapat berinteraksi dengan dextromethorphan. Penggunaan obat tersebut secara bersamaan dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya sindrom serotonin dengan gejala seperti demam tinggi, halusinasi, atau penurunan kesadaran.

Writer : dr Apri Haryono Hafid
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Minggu, 16 April 2023 | 03:59

Medscape. Dextromethorphan. Retrieved 12 January 2022, from: https://reference.medscape.com/drug/balminil-dm-benylin-dm-dextromethorphan-343401

Mims Indonesia. Dextromethorphan. Retrieved 12 January 2022, from: https://www.mims.com/indonesia/drug/info/dextromethorphan?mtype=generic.

Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan. Dekstrometorfan. Retrieved 12 January 2022, from: https://pionas.pom.go.id/monografi/dekstrometorfan

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      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 2781
      Hints
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      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        #12025-05-08 07:20:33GET/obat-bebas/dextrometorphan-14113050