Have you noticed an infant who usually feeds well suddenly refusing to breastfeed? This can cause concern. Refusing to breastfeed can be linked to various factors, one of which is oral thrush, a fungal infection in the mouth.

Oral thrush, medically referred to as oral candidiasis, is caused by an overgrowth of Candida albicans in the mouth. It commonly affects infants, especially those between a few weeks and a few months old.

While it is common and not immediately dangerous, oral thrush requires prompt treatment. Let’s explore the symptoms and treatment options.

Symptoms of Oral Thrush in Infants

An oral thrush infection usually appears as thick, white patches inside the infant’s mouth, resembling milk residue. These patches can be wiped away with a damp cloth.

The patches typically appear on the tongue, gums, roof of the mouth, and inside the cheeks. If the patches are removed forcefully, they may cause sores, indicating irritation of the underlying tissue.

In addition to white patches, oral thrush may also present with the following symptoms:

• Fussiness during breastfeeding due to mouth pain

• Refusing to breastfeed or drinking only small amounts

• Excessive drooling

• Chapped or red lips at the corners of the mouth

• Occasionally accompanied by diaper rash

Why Does Oral Thrush Occur?

Candida albicans is a fungus naturally found in the human body, including in the mouth, intestines, and skin. However, under certain conditions, it can grow excessively and cause infection. Since an infant’s immune system is still developing, they are more vulnerable to fungal infections like oral thrush.

Several factors contribute to the development of oral thrush, including:

• Use of antibiotics by the infant or the breastfeeding mother

• A moist oral environment, such as frequent thumb sucking or pacifier use

• Fungus transmission from the mother, especially if she has fungal mastitis

• Weakened immune systems in infants, particularly those born prematurely or with certain health conditions

How to Treat Oral Thrush in Infants

Oral thrush can be treated with the following steps:

• Apply a topical antifungal like nystatin in liquid form to the infant’s mouth several times a day for 7-14 days

• Treat any breast infections that might be transmitting the fungus

• Sterilize pacifiers, bottles, and breastfeeding equipment daily to prevent contamination

• Maintain good oral hygiene by gently wiping the infant’s gums and tongue with a clean gauze pad dampened with warm water

It’s important not to scrub the tongue or oral cavity too harshly or peel off the white patches, as this can cause injury and pain.

If the white patches do not improve, if the infant becomes very fussy, if the infection spreads to the throat, or if the infant develops a fever, seek immediate medical attention. You can also use the health consultation service on the Ai Care app, available for download on the App Store or Play Store.

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