Infeksi Pada Luka Sesar dan Pencegahannya

Infeksi Pada Luka Sesar dan Pencegahannya

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Sama seperti prosedur pembedahan lainnya, operasi sesar juga memiliki risiko infeksi di bekas sayatannya. Umumnya jika bekas sesar mengalami infeksi, Anda akan merasakan demam, pembengkakan khususnya di perut bagian bawah, rasa nyeri pada luka dan kemerahan.

Penyebab infeksi

Infeksi dapat terjadi apabila bakteri masuk ke dalam luka. Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus merupakan bakteri yang umumnya ditemukan di bekas luka sesar. Bakteri ini secara alami hidup di rambut atau kulit manusia, dan bisa berlipat ganda jumlahnya bila masuk ke dalam luka.

Jenis infeksi

Dilansir Medical News Today, bakteri Staphylococcus dapat menyebabkan beberapa jenis infeksi pada bekas luka sesar, antara lain:

  • Impetigo - adalah lepuhan dangkal berisi carian yang pecah dan meninggalkan kerak berwarna keemasan seperti madu. Gejalanya dapat berupa rasa nyeri dan gatal.
  • Abses - adalah luka berisi kulit mati dan nanah yang bisa berkembang di bawah kulit. Adanya abses dapat menimbulkan rasa nyeri dan luka terasa hangat saat disentuh.
  • Selulitis - adalah infeksi pada kulit dan jaringan tepat di bawahnya yang menyebar dengan cepat di area sayatan. Keluhan yang dapat timbul adanya rasa nyeri, kemerahan dan luka terasa hangat saat disentuh.

Gejala infeksi

Dilansir Healthline, berikut adalah gejala yang muncul saat luka bekas sesar mengalami infeksi:

  • Kemerahan disertai pembengkakan atau nanah yang mengalir dari bekas luka sayatan.
  • Nyeri di area bekas sayatan.
  • Demam di atas 38 derajat celcius.
  • Keluarnya cairan berbau tidak sedap dari vagina.
  • Perdarahan.
  • Kemerahan dan pembengkakan pada kaki.
  • Nyeri saat berkemih.

Faktor risiko

Sebagian besar wanita memang memiliki faktor risiko yang lebih tinggi mengalami infeksi pada luka bekas sesar karena beberapa hal, antara lain:

  • Obesitas
  • Menderita diabetes atau HIV
  • Terjadi infeksi cairan ketuban dan selaput janin selama persalinan
  • Mengonsumsi steroid dalam jangka waktu panjang
  • Jarang memeriksakan kandungan pada dokter/bidan
  • Riwayat sesar sebelumnya
  • Kurangnya perawatan sebelum pembedahan
  • Proses persalinan/operasi yang terlalu lama
  • Pendarahan saat persalinan/operasi sesar

Cara mencegah infeksi pada luka sesar

Ada beberapa langkah yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengurangi risiko infeksi pada bekas sayatan sesar, antara lain:

  • Mengikuti instruksi dari dokter atau perawat setelah melakukan persalinan.
  • Apabila Anda diberikan obat antibiotik minum untuk mengobati atau mencegah infeksi, maka sebaiknya obat itu harus dihabiskan.
  • Bersihkan luka dan rawat luka dengan baik.
  • Hindari menggunakan pakaian terlalu ketat atau mengoleskan krim apapun pada bekas luka.
  • Minta petunjuk cara menyusui yang aman untuk bayi, agar tidak menimbulkan tekanan atau rasa tidak nyaman pada bekas luka sesar. 
  • Hindari menyentuh area bekas sayatan.
  • Selalu cek suhu badan dan hubungi dokter apabila Anda demam di atas 37,7 derajat celcius.

Tips mempercepat penyembuhan luka sesar

Selain langkah-langkah di atas, ada beberapa cara untuk dapat mempercepat penyembuhan luka bekas sesar:

  • Istirahat yang cukup
  • Menjaga tubuh selama masa penyembuhan dengan membatasi aktivitas dan tidak mengangkat barang berat
  • Mengonsumsi pereda nyeri yang diberikan dokter 
  • Fokus pada penyembuhan dan asupan nutrisi sehat sampai tubuh kembali pulih

Apabila pada bekas luka muncul nanah, bekas sayatan membengkak, terasa nyeri, kemerahan di area sekitar sayatan, maka segera konsultasikan dengan dokter untuk mencegah infeksi pada luka.

Writer : Agatha Writer
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Sabtu, 15 April 2023 | 15:23

Jennifer Huizen (2019). What causes post-cesarean wound infections?. Available from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324505#causes

Healthline Editorial Team (2018). Post-Cesarean Wound Infection: How Did This Happen?. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/post-cesarean-wound-infection

Stephanie Watson (2021). C-Section: Tips for a Fast Recovery. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/c-section-tips-for-fast-recovery

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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      Hints
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      Backtrace
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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      Backtrace
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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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