Busui Terinfeksi Hepatitis, Bolehkah Menyusui Bayinya?

Busui Terinfeksi Hepatitis, Bolehkah Menyusui Bayinya?

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Hepatitis adalah penyakit infeksi pada organ hati yang umumnya disebabkan oleh virus. Penyakit ini dapat berkembang menjadi kerusakan hati dan kanker hati. Salah satu yang menjadi perhatian adalah ketika ibu menyusui terinfeksi hepatitis B. Pasalnya, ASI yang merupakan nutrisi terbaik bagi bayi termasuk dalam cairan tubuh yang dapat menularkan virus. Lalu, bagaimana jika ibu menyusui terinfeksi hepatitis B, bolehkah ibu menyusui bayinya?

Risiko penularan hepatitis pada bayi dari ASI

Ada beberapa jenis penyakit hepatitis yaitu hepatitis A, B, C, D, dan E. Masing-masing jenis hepatitis memiliki cara penularannya sendiri. Namun, di antara kelima penyakit tersebut hepatitis yang paling banyak dialami dan berisiko menular dari ibu ke anak adalah hepatitis A, B dan C.

Dilansir dari laman Baby Center, berikut ini beberapa risiko penularan hepatitis dari ibu ke bayi:

1. Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A merupakan jenis penyakit hepatitis yang paling mudah menular. Pada hepatitis A, virus dapat menular melalui fecal-oral, yaitu ketika bakteri patogen dari tinja memasuki mulut orang lain. Salah satu penyebabnya, seseorang tidak mencuci tangannya dengan bersih setelah buang air besar kemudian menyentuh benda dan makanan. Selain itu, virus ini juga dapat menular melalui benda-benda milik pasien.

2. Hepatitis B

Virus hepatitis B dikenal cepat menyebar melalui cairan tubuh seperti air liur, mukosa, darah, makanan dan minuman yang terkontaminasi. Umumnya infeksi penyakit ini dapat berlangsung dari 1 hingga 6 bulan lamanya dan dapat berkembang menjadi kerusakan hati yang akut.

3. Hepatitis C

Virus hepatitis C berkembang di dalam darah sehingga penularannya terjadi melalui kontak darah dengan pengidap hepatitis C misalnya penggunaan jarum bergantian. Pasien yang terinfeksi hepatitis C terkadang tidak menunjukkan gejala apa pun. Sebagian besar pasien juga merupakan pasien yang memiliki riwayat penyakit hati sebelumnya seperti salah satunya sirosis hati. Salah satu kekhawatiran pada busui dengan hepatiis adalah ketika ibu menyusui si kecil lalu mengalami puting lecet dan berdarah.

 

Bolehkah ibu pengidap hepatitis menyusui?

Dilansir dari laman Very Well Health, secara umum ibu yang mengidap hepatitis boleh menyusui anaknya. Pada kasus busui dengan hepatitis A, tidak ditemukan virus hepatitis A pada ASI yang dikeluarkan sehingga aman untuk diberikan pada bayi. Ibu tak perlu khawatir bayinya tertular hepatitis melalui ASI karena ASI relatif aman dari virus.

Pada kasus ibu menyusui dengan hepatitis B, virus hepatitis B ternyata dijumpai dalam ASI. Maka, ibu dengan hepatitis B perlu berhati-hati ketika akan memberikan ASI pada bayi. Untuk mencegah penularan pada bayi, pastikan bayi mendapat suntikan vaksin hepatitis B 12 jam setelah dilahirkan. Bayi juga pelru mendapat vaksin dosis kedua dan ketiga ketika berusia 1 atau 2 bulan dan juga saat bayi berusia 6 bulan. Ketika bayi menginjak usia 9 atau 18 bulan, bayi juga perlu diperiksa apakah ia memiliki gejala infeksi hepatitis B.

Sedangkan pada hepatitis C, diketahui bahwa tidak terdapat virus pada ASI ibu yang mengidap hepatitis C. Dengan begitu, ibu dengan hepatitis C dapat menyusui dengan aman. Namun, CDC menganjurkan pada ibu dengan hepatitis C untuk segera berhenti menyusui ketika terjadi puting lecet atau mengeluarkan darah saat menyusui.

 

Writer: Ratih

Edited By: dr. Ayu Munawaroh

Last Updated: 29-Jul-2021

 

Sumber:

  1. CDC. Hepatitis B or C Infection. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/breastfeeding-special-circumstances/maternal-or-infant-illnesses/hepatitis.html.
  2. BabyCenter. Breastfeeding and Hepatitis. Available from: https://www.babycenter.com/baby/breastfeeding/breastfeeding-and-hepatitis_8684.
  3. Verywell Health. Breastfeeding and Viral Hepatitis. Available from: https://www.verywellhealth.com/breastfeeding-and-viral-hepatitis-1759984.
  4. WebMD. Breastfeeding and Hepatitic: What You Need To Know. Available from: https://www.webmd.com/hepatitis/hepatitis-c-breastfeeding.
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
      • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.72msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 9878 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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        Backtrace
        • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
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        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        Hints
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
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        Hints
        • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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        Backtrace
        • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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          #12025-04-12 02:12:04GET/ibu-dan-anak/busui-terinfeksi-hepatitis-bolehkah-menyusui-bayinya1131107