Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis
Ilustrasi ginjal yang mengalami infeksi

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Definisi

Pyelonephritis adalah penyakit infeksi saluran kemih yang terjadi pada organ ginjal yang dimulai dari uretra, kantung kemih dan menjalar hingga ke satu atau dua organ ginjal. Apabila pyelonephritis yang terjadi bersifat tiba-tiba dan berat, dikenal dengan pyelonephritis akut. Penyakit ini dapat menyebabkan ginjal menjadi bengkak dan merusak fungsi ginjal secara permanen, serta dapat mengancam jiwa apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik sebab infeksi dapat menyebar ke aliran darah.

Jika infeksi yang terjadi berulang atau menetap pada organ ginjal, maka kondisi medis ini dikenal dengan pyelonephritis kronis. Kondisi medis ini jarang terjadi, namun dapat dialami pada populasi anak-anak atau orang dengan sumbatan di saluran kemih.

Pengobatan pada infeksi organ ginjal biasanya memerlukan obat antibiotik dan terkadang penderita perlu dirawat inap di rumah sakit untuk mendapatkan penanganan yang sesuai dan tepat.

Diperkirakan angka kejadian pyelonephritis akut di Amerika Serikat sekitar 15-17 per 10.000 kasus pada wanita dan 3-4 per 10.000 kasus pada laki-laki tiap tahunnya. Populasi terbanyak yang mengalami pyelonephritis akut adalah perempuan muda yang aktif secara seksual. Populasi usia tua dan bayi dapat mengalami penyakit ini akibat adanya kelainan pada bentuk anatomi dan perubahan hormonal. Ibu hamil juga dapat berisiko mengalami pyelonephritis dan angka kejadiannya sekitar 20-30%, biasanya terjadi pada trimester kedua dan ketiga awal.

 

Penyebab

Penyebab dari kejadian pyelonephritis biasanya infeksi yang dimulai dari saluran kemih bagian bawah yang dikenal sebagai infeksi saluran kemih. Infeksi bakteri masuk ke dalam tubuh melalui uretra dan mulai membelah diri menjadi lebih banyak dan naik menyebar ke kantung kemih. Di kantung kemih, bakteri dapat naik ke organ ginjal melalui saluran ureter. Bakteri seperti E. Coli dapat menyebabkan infeksi ini. Meskipun demikian, infeksi serius pada aliran darah dapat juga menyebar ke organ ginjal dan dapat menimbulkan kejadian pyelonephritis akut.

 

Faktor Risiko

Beberapa masalah yang dapat menganggu aliran urine yang normal dapat berisiko lebih tinggi menyebabkan pyelonephritis akut. Sebagai contoh, saluran kemih yang memiliki ukuran tidak normal atau bentuk tidak sesuai seperti seharusnya dapat menimbulkan pyelonephritis akut. Ukuran panjang uretra pada perempuan lebih pendek dibandingkan dengan laki-laki sehingga infeksi bakteri lebih mudah masuk pada uretra perempuan dan cenderung berisiko mengalami infeksi pada organ ginjal dan berisiko tinggi untuk mengalami pyelonephritis akut. Beberapa faktor risiko lainnya adalah:

  • Penderita dengan batu ginjal kronis atau kelainan pada ginjal atau kantung kemih
  • Usia tua
  • Penderita dengan sistem imun yang rendah, seperti diabetes, HIV/AIDS, atau kanker
  • Penderita dengan pembesaran prostat
  • Penggunaan kateter urine (alat bantu untuk mengeluarkan urine)
  • Pembedahan saluran kemih
  • Obat-obatan tertentu
  • Gangguan pada saraf atau sumsum tulang belakang

Pada pyelonephritis kronis, beberapa faktor risiko yang memungkinkan untuk timbul yaitu infeksi saluran kemih atau kelainan anatomi atau bentuk saluran kemih. Dinyatakan bahwa pyelonephritis kronis lebih umum terjadi pada populasi anak dibandingkan dengan populasi dewasa.

 

Gejala

Gejala pada pyelonephritis dapat muncul dalam 2 hari sejak masuknya infeksi ke dalam organ ginjal. Beberapa keluhan yang mungkin muncul dan dialami oleh penderita, diantaranya yaitu:

  • Demam dengan suhu lebih dari 38,90C
  • Nyeri pada perut, punggung, pinggang, atau lipat paha
  • Nyeri atau sensasi terbakar saat berkemih
  • Urine berwarna kuning keruh
  • Urine mengandung nanah atah darah
  • Adanya keluhan sering berkemih
  • Urine berbau amis

Gejala lain yang dapat timbul yaitu menggigil, mual, muntah, mudah lelah, pegal-pegal, hingga penurunan kesadaran.

Keluhan yang muncul dapat berbeda pada anak-anak dan usia tua dibandingkan dengan populasi lainnya. Pada usia tua, penurunan kesadaran menjadi keluhan yang cukup sering terjadi dan mungkin hanya keluhan ini yang terjadi saat mengalami pyelonephritis.

Penderita dengan pyelonephritis kronis dapat mengalami keluhan yang ringan atau bahkan tidak mengalami keluhan yang menganggu.

 

Diagnosis

Diagnosis pyelonephritis adalah diagnosis yang dapat ditegakkan melalui wawancara medis, pemeriksaan fisik, hingga pemeriksaan penunjang bila tersedia dan perluuntuk dilakukan.

Pada wawancara medis, dokter akan menanyakan gejala yang dirasakan oleh pasien saat ini. Gejala-gejala yang ada dapat mengarahkan ke suatu penyakit tertentu sehingga Anda perlu mengutarakan gejala yang dirasakan selengkap mungkin, disertai dengan sejak kapan gejala tersebut mulai dirasakan. Informasi ini penting bagi dokter dalam rangka menegakkan diagnosis medis tertentu. Apabila gejala yang dirasakan mengarahkan ke penyakit pyelonephritis, maka dokter akan melanjutkan ke pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan penunjang.

Pada pemeriksaan fisik, dokter akan melakukan pemeriksaan sesuai dengan gejala yang dirasakan oleh pasien sehingga dapat ditemukan beberapa tanda klinis yang merupakan tanda objektif dari pyelonephritis melalui pemeriksaan fisik.  

Pada kasus pyelonephritis, dokter dapat menemukan adanya demam yang ditunjukkan dengan suhu diatas 380C melalui thermometer atau rasa nyeri ketok pada pinggang yang berat dan menganggu.

Pemeriksaan penunjang juga memiliki peran dalam menegakkan atau memastikan diagnosis dari pyelonephritis. Pemeriksaan penunjang seperti pemeriksaan urin lengkap dapat membantu menilai apakah ada bakteri, darah, atau nanah pada urine yang menunjukkan sebagai adanya infeksi saluran kemih. Selain itu, pemeriksaan pencitraan seperti USG atau CT scan dapat membantu melihat apakah ada kista, tumor, atau sumbatan lain pada saluran kemih.

 

Tata Laksana

Tata laksana yang dapat dilakukan di rumah dapat berupa meredakan rasa nyeri yang dialami sementara waktu dengan konsumsi parasetamol dengan dosis sesuai kemasan. Namun, pereda nyeri ini bukanlah obat untuk mengatasi penyebab dari infeksi pyelonephritis sehingga penderita perlu memeriksakan diri ke fasilitas kesehatan terdekat. Apabila diagnosis sudah tegak, maka pilihan obatnya adalah antibiotik yang sebagai obat lini pertama dalam mengatasi pyelonephritis. Pengobatan antibiotik membutuhkan waktu selama 10-14 hari.

Apabila pengobatan rawat jalan tidak meringankan gejala yang diderita, maka penderita perlu dirawat inap di rumah sakit. Pengobatan dengan cara memasukkan obat-obatan melalui jalur infus baik berupa pengobatan cairan maupun pengobatan antibiotik.

Pada beberapa kasus infeksi yang berulang, proses pembedahan dapat menjadi pilihan dalam menangani kasus pyelonephritis. Pembedahan dilakukan untuk menghilangkan atau mengangkat sumbatan atau mengoreksi kelainan yang ada pada organ ginjal atau saluran kemih.

 

Komplikasi

Komplikasi yang dapat muncul adalah penyakit ginjal kronis dan merusak ginjal secara permanen. Pada kasus yang jarang, infeksi juga dapat masuk ke alirah darah yang dikenal dengan sepsis dan berpotensi mengancam jiwa. Komplikasi lainnya adalah infeksi ginjal yang berulang, infeksi pada area sekitar ginjal, gagal ginjal akut, hingga abses ginjal (adanya kumpulan nanah di ginjal).

 

Pencegahan

Pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan adalah:

  • Minum air yang cukup minimal 2 liter per hari sehingga meningkatkan frekuensi buang air kecil (BAK) dan membuang bakteri dari uretra
  • Setelah berhubungan segera bersihkan area kelamin dan BAK
  • Saat cebok bersihkan kotoran dari depan ke belakang
  • Hindari penggunaan produk yang dapat mengiritasi uretra seperti spray feminine yang biasa digunakan wanita

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Jika Anda mengalami perburukan gejala yang sudah ada, sebaiknya Anda memeriksakan diri lebih lanjut ke dokter spesialis penyakit dalam (Sp.PD) atau dokter spesialis urologi (Sp.U). Dokter akan melakukan wawancara medis, pemeriksaan fisik, hingga pemeriksaan penunjang tertentu untuk menetapkan diagnosis pasti dari penyakit yang mendasarinya dan tata laksana yang tepat sesuai kebutuhan.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : dr Apri Haryono Hafid
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Rabu, 29 Mei 2024 | 07:14

Belyayeva M, Jeong JM. Acute Pyelonephritis. [Updated 2021 Jul 10]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519537/

Healthline. Pyelonephritis. March 2019. https://www.healthline.com/health/pyelonephritis

Mayo Clinic. Kidney infection. July 2022. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-infection/symptoms-causes/syc-20353387

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      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-06 12:10:00
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new7.3msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 577 where `id` = 4128
      Bindings
      • 0: 577
      • 1: 4128
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new5.79msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 4128, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-06 12:10:00', '2025-04-06 12:10:00')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 4128
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-06 12:10:00
      • 8: 2025-04-06 12:10:00
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new1.36msselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 35 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 35
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.3msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 10103 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 10103
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.75msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7211 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7211
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.25msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6106 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6106
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.95msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2967 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2967
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.98msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1426 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1426
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.3msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5892 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5892
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.19msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7150 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7150
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.27msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2008 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2008
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.37msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2752 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2752
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.31msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3152 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3152
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.33msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5669 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5669
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.82msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7050 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7050
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new1.23msselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new990μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new1.03msselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    140Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    23Category.php#?
    App\User
    4User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    3Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
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        /healthpedia-penyakit/pyelonephritis
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        status_text
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        []
        
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:2 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "Tt9cNNLEM9JtoPH3lbIEoHeVlbEUFTvz3Sb0szxb" "laravel_session" => "HnBQZVQn1QI8Tqgm3GzP5gtJkm5HUy1TPgwN7cSc" ]
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