Muscle Twitching/Kedutan

Muscle Twitching/Kedutan
Kedutan dapat terjadi pada orang normal, misalnya saat cegukan atau mulai tertidur, namun dapat pula terjadi sebagai gejala kondisi tertentu.

Bagikan :


Definisi

Kedutan, yang dikenal secara medis sebagai mioklonus atau muscle twitching adalah sebuah kondisi ketika otot-otot berkedut secara cepat tanpa disadari. Kedutan dapat disebabkan oleh kontraksi otot secara tiba-tiba yang disebut sebagai “mioklonus positif”, atau kehilangan tekanan pada otot tiba-tiba yang disebut sebagai “mioklonus negatif”. Kedutan dapat terjadi pada orang normal, misalnya saat cegukan atau mulai tertidur, namun dapat pula terjadi sebagai gejala kondisi tertentu.

 

Penyebab

Kedutan dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai hal, mulai dari penyebab yang dapat ditemui sehari-hari atau tidak parah hingga penyebab yang serius. Penyebab kedutan yang biasa ditemui sehari-hari atau tidak parah adalah:

  • Aktivitas fisik, yang meningkatkan jumlah asam laktat pada otot sehingga menyebabkan kedutan, terutama pada lengan, tungkai, dan punggung
  • Stres dan cemas, yang menyebabkan kedutan otot disebut sebagai “tik”, dapat memengaruhi otot mana saja di tubuh
  • Stimulan seperti kafein dapat menyebabkan otot tubuh berkedut
  • Kekurangan nutrisi seperti vitamin D, vitamin B, dan kalsium dapat menyebabkan kedutan pada otot, terutama pada kelopak mata, betis, dan tangan
  • Dehidrasi dapat menyebabkan kedutan terutama pada otot besar seperti pada lengan, tungkai, dan dada
  • Nikotin dari rokok dan produk tembakau lainnya dapat menyebabkan otot berkedut, terutama pada tungkai
  • Iritasi pada kelopak mata atau permukaan mata dapat menyebabkan otot-otot sekitar mata berkedut
  • Efek samping sebagian obat seperti steroid dan pil KB dapat berupa kedutan pada otot-otot tangan, lengan, atau tungkai
  • Ketidakseimbangan elektrolit seperti natrium dan kalium dapat menyebabkan kedutan otot. Biasanya, hal ini disebabkan oleh keringat berlebih, olahraga berintensitas tinggi, atau kehilangan cairan akibat muntah atau diare
  • Kurang tidur dapat menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan zat-zat pada otak (neurotransmiter) sehingga terjadi kedutan

 

Sementara itu, penyebab kedutan otot yang serius adalah sebagai berikut:

  • Distrofi otot. Kondisi ini merupakan kondisi bawaan yang merusak dan melemahkan otot seiring waktu, sehingga menyebabkan kedutan otot pada wajah, leher, bahu, dan pinggang
  • Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Penyakit ini menyebabkan sel saraf mati, sehingga otot dapat berkedut pada berbagai bagian tubuh, namun biasanya diawali dari otot lengan dan tungkai
  • Atrofi otot akibat kerusakan sumsum tulang belakang. Kondisi ini menyebabkan kerusakan saraf pada sumsum tulang belakang yang menggerakkan otot-otot pada tubuh
  • Gagal ginjal kronik. Gangguan ini dapat menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan cairan dan elektrolit dalam tubuh, sehingga menyebabkan kedutan otot
  • Miopati. Kondisi ini mempengaruhi fungsi saraf dan otot yang akhirnya dapat menyebabkan kram, kaku, dan kedutan otot
  • Sindrom serotonin. Kondisi ini terjadi ketika kadar zat serotonin dalam tubuh terlalu tinggi, yang dapat disebabkan oleh penggunaan obat-obatan tertentu
  • Neuropati. Kondisi ini merupakan kerusakan pada saraf, yang dapat menyebabkan rasa baal, nyeri, serta kedutan otot, terutama pada ujung tangan dan kaki

Selain kondisi di atas, kedutan otot dapat terkait dengan epilepsi, kondisi ketika gelombang listrik otak kacau tanpa pemicu sehingga menyebabkan kejang berulang, atau tidak terkait dengan kondisi apapun (disebut pula sebagai mioklonus esensial).

 

Faktor Risiko

Kedutan pada otot yang disebabkan oleh kondisi serius tidak sering terjadi, dengan angka kejadian sekitar 9 kejadian per 100.000 penduduk. Angka kejadian ini meningkat pada usia di atas 50 tahun. Sekitar seperempat kasus bersifat sementara dan tergantung obat, sementara sekitar 8% kasus bukan kondisi yang parah. Kedutan otot tersering adalah kedutan otot yang disebabkan oleh kondisi medis atau pengobatan tertentu (72%), diikuti dengan kedutan akibat epilepsi (17%), sementara mioklonus esensial hanya terjadi pada 11% dari seluruh kasus mioklonus. Hal ini berarti kedutan otot jauh lebih sering terjadi sebagai gejala dari kondisi medis lainnya atau efek samping pengobatan.

 

Gejala

Seperti namanya yaitu “kedutan”, kondisi ini ditandai dengan pergerakan otot secara tiba-tiba pada sebuah area tubuh. Pergerakan otot ini dapat berupa kelojotan, terguncang, atau kaku, yang bersifat tiba-tiba, singkat, tidak disadari, seperti kejut listrik, bervariasi dari intensitas dan frekuensinya, dan terjadi pada salah satu bagian tubuh atau seluruh tubuh. Pergerakan otot ini kadang-kadang terlalu parah hingga menyebabkan gangguan makan, bicara, atau berjalan.

 

Diagnosis

Diagnosis untuk menentukan penyebab kedutan dapat diawali dengan pertanyaan mengenai awal terjadinya, lama kejadian, bagian tubuh yang terkena, frekuensi kedutan, riwayat keluarga, riwayat penyakit, riwayat pengobatan, dan ritme kedutan. Selain itu, pertanyaan dapat mengeksplorasi mengenai tanda dan gejala kondisi yang terkait dengan kedutan otot.

Pemeriksaan langsung dapat dilakukan, terutama untuk mencari adanya gejala lain yang dapat menunjukkan penyebab kedutan otot. Pemeriksaan ini dapat berupa pemeriksaan saraf secara menyeluruh. Anda dapat diminta untuk merasakan raba atau suhu, menentukan arah gerak tubuh, berjalan, menggerakkan otot-otot tubuh, serta melakukan beberapa gerakan untuk mengecek koordinasi antaranggota tubuh. Pemeriksaan untuk menentukan refleks pada berbagai otot tertentu dapat pula dilakukan.

Selain itu, pemeriksaan dapat pula melibatkan berbagai tes. Tes dapat terlibat dengan fungsi saraf, seperti tes fungsi luhur atau kognitif, elektromiografi, dan elektroensefalografi. Pemeriksaan elektromiografi (EMG) bertujuan untuk memeriksa hantaran listrik dari saraf ke otot sehingga dapat menghasilkan gerakan, sementara elektroensefalografi (EEG) bertujuan untuk memeriksa gelombang listrik pada otak.

Pemeriksaan pencitraan dapat pula dilakukan, misalnya pemeriksaan magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) yang baik untuk mencari adanya kelainan pada jaringan otak dan sumsum tulang belakang. Pemeriksaan laboratorium dapat dilakukan untuk mencari kemungkinan penyebab kedutan otot lainnya, misalnya pemeriksaan darah lengkap, gula darah, autoantibodi (sistem kekebalan tubuh yang menyerang sel diri sendiri), fungsi ginjal, fungsi hati, serta kadar obat-obatan dalam tubuh.

 

Tata Laksana

Tata laksana kedutan otot sangat tergantung dari penyebabnya. Apabila kedutan otot disebabkan oleh penyebab yang biasa terjadi sehari-hari, tata laksana khusus tidak diperlukan. Namun, apabila kedutan otot terkait dengan kondisi medis lainnya, tata laksana dapat dilakukan pada kondisi tersebut. Apabila penyebab kedutan otot berupa pengobatan atau keracunan, pemberhentian obat dapat memperbaiki kondisi ini. Apabila penyebab kedutan adalah sebuah kondisi serius yang kemungkinan tidak dapat disembuhkan, obat-obatan penenang dan antikejang dapat diberikan untuk menghilangkan kedutan otot.

Kedutan otot yang parah dapat menyebabkan ketidakstabilan suasana perasaan, sehingga pendampingan ahli kesehatan jiwa dapat diperlukan untuk kondisi-kondisi tertentu.

 

Komplikasi

Kedutan otot dapat menyebabkan gangguan yang signifikan dalam pekerjaan sehari-hari, dan bahkan dapat menyebabkan depresi. Hal ini terjadi karena kedutan otot terjadi saat istirahat atau mengganggu aktivitas yang membutuhkan gerakan-gerakan yang perlu dilakukan dengan tepat.

 

Pencegahan

Kedutan pada otot tidak selalu dapat dicegah, namun ada beberapa hal yang dapat Anda lakukan untuk menurunkan risiko kedutan pada otot:

  • Makan bergizi seimbang, seperti sayuran dan buah-buahan, karbohidrat, serat, dan protein, terutama protein rendah lemak seperti ayam dan tahu
  • Tidur cukup selama 7-9 jam per hari, untuk memberikan kesempatan beristirahat bagi saraf-saraf tubuh
  • Tangani stres dengan teknik relaksasi seperti meditasi, yoga, Tai Chi, serta beraktivitas fisik teratur minimal 3 kali seminggu
  • Batasi konsumsi kafein untuk menurunkan risiko kedutan otot
  • Berhenti merokok agar kadar nikotin tubuh menurun
  • Konsultasi kepada dokter untuk mengganti obat apabila Anda sedang mengonsumsi obat-obatan tertentu secara rutin dan dapat berpotensi menyebabkan kedutan otot

 

Kapan harus ke dokter?

Segeralah ke dokter apabila Anda atau orang di dekat Anda mengalami kedutan otot yang terlalu sering dan menetap. Selain itu, tanda bahaya lainnya adalah apabila kedutan otot terjadi disertai dengan kelemahan dan pengecilan otot. Kedutan otot yang terlalu sering atau ditandai dengan tanda-tanda bahaya dapat menjadi petunjuk adanya kondisi lain yang kemungkinan lebih parah atau mengancam jiwa.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : dr Teresia Putri
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Kamis, 22 Agustus 2024 | 05:43

Ibrahim, W., Zafar, N., & Sharma, S. (2021). Myoclonus. Retrieved 16 December 2021, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537015/

Muscle twitching: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (2021). Retrieved 16 December 2021, from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003296.htm

Myoclonus - Symptoms and causes (2021). Retrieved 16 December 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/myoclonus/symptoms-causes/syc-20350459

Wolkin, A. (2021). What You Need to Know About Muscle Twitching. Retrieved 16 December 2021, from https://www.healthline.com/health/muscle-twitching#prevention

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      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#1386aicare_prod_new13.32msselect `posts`.*, `post_tag`.`tag_id` as `pivot_tag_id`, `post_tag`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id` from `posts` inner join `post_tag` on `posts`.`id` = `post_tag`.`post_id` where `post_tag`.`tag_id` = 4255 and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4255
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • CategoryHealtTopics.php#11aicare_prod_new1.07msselect * from `categories` where (`slug` != 'penyakit-a-z' and `slug` != 'obat-a-z' and `slug` != 'pemeriksaan-a-z' and `parent_id` = '0') and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null order by `order` asc
      Bindings
      • 0: penyakit-a-z
      • 1: obat-a-z
      • 2: pemeriksaan-a-z
      • 3: 0
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
      Backtrace
      • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:376
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new149msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-06 18:17:35' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-06 18:17:35
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new8.23msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 1864 where `id` = 2052
      Bindings
      • 0: 1864
      • 1: 2052
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new5.34msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 2052, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-06 18:17:36', '2025-04-06 18:17:36')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 2052
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-06 18:17:36
      • 8: 2025-04-06 18:17:36
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new1.17msselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 25 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 25
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.11msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8425 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8425
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.84msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1818 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1818
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.73msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8243 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8243
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.49msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1705 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1705
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.62msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2879 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2879
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.61msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6309 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6309
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.86msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1856 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1856
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.96msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2757 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2757
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.15msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4821 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4821
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.37msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2026 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2026
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.4msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5020 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5020
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.69msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1998 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1998
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new1.22msselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new970μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new1.2msselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    81Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    22Category.php#?
    App\User
    4User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    4Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        CwA7HD4m3nksPlUCDmA4Rod8Vhgu16C3jLTJRQj2
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/muscle-twitching" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/muscle-twitching
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:19 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "x-real-ip" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.222.196.154" ] "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [ 0 => "18.222.196.154" ] "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "x-forwarded-scheme" => array:1 [ 0 => "https" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "ai-care.atmatech.id" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
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