Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Body Dysmorphic Disorder
credits: google.com

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Definisi

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) atau body dysmorphia adalah kondisi kekhawatiran berlebihan mengenai kekurangan pada penampilan. Kekurangan ini sering tidak terlihat oleh orang lain. Bila Anda mengalami BDD, bukan berarti Anda terobsesi dengan diri sendiri. Namun, kondisi ini dapat sangat mengganggu dan dapat memiliki dampak yang besar terhadap hidup Anda.

 

Penyebab

Penyebab pasti BDD masih belum diketahui. Sama seperti kondisi kejiwaan lainnya, BDD dapat terjadi akibat kombinasi dari beberapa masalah, seperti riwayat keluarga dengan BDD, pengalaman negatif mengenai citra diri, dan gangguan fungsi otak atau kelainan kadar zat kimia otak yang disebut serotonin.

 

Faktor Risiko

BDD umumnya dimulai pada masa remaja awal dan dapat terjadi pada pria dan wanita. Beberapa faktor yang dapat meningkatkan risiko BDD meliputi:

  • Memiliki riwayat keluarga dengan BDD, gangguan obsesif kompulsif, atau depresi
  • Pengalaman traumatis di masa lalu. Anda dapat lebih rentan terkena BDD jika Anda pernah mengalami ejekan, bullying, penelantaran, atau kekerasan semasa kecil
  • Ciri kepribadian tertentu seperti perfeksionis
  • Tekanan sosial terhadap kecantikan
  • Memiliki kondisi kejiwaan lainnya seperti kecemasan, gangguan obsesif kompulsif, depresi, atau gangguan makan

 

Gejala

Beberapa gejala BDD meliputi:

  • Khawatir berlebih mengenai area spesifik pada tubuh (terutama wajah)
  • Menghabiskan banyak waktu membandingkan penampilan Anda dengan penampilan orang lain
  • Sering memandangi diri Anda di depan kaca atau malah menghindari kaca
  • Melakukan usaha yang lebih untuk menutupi kekurangan, sebagai contoh yaitu menghabiskan waktu lama untuk menyisir rambut, memakai make-up, atau memilih baju yang akan dipakai
  • Mencabuti kulit untuk membuatnya lembut

BDD juga dapat terjadi karena anggapan tubuh terlalu kurus, kecil, atau kurang berotot. Hal ini menyebabkan seseorang dapat melakukan kegiatan seperti olarhaga berlebihan, konsumsi suplemen gizi berlebihan, serta menyalahgunakan steroid.

 

Diagnosis

Diagnosis BDD umumnya berdasarkan pada:

  • Evaluasi psikologis yang menilai faktor risiko serta pikiran, perasaan, dan perilaku yang berkaitan dengan citra diri yang negatif
  • Riwayat personal, sosial, keluarga, dan medis
  • Tanda dan gejala yang Anda alami

 

Tata Laksana

Gejala BDD dapat mengalami perbaikan dengan terapi.

Jika gejala Anda relatif ringan, Anda akan dirujuk untuk melakukan terapi bicara yang disebut dengan terapi kognitif perilaku, yang dapat Anda ikuti sendiri atau dalam satu kelompok.

Jika Anda memiliki gejala sedang, Anda akan ditawarkan untuk menjalani terapi kognitif perilaku atau obat-obatan antidepresan yang disebut dengan selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

Jika gejala Anda lebih berat atau terapi lainnya tidak membuahkan hasil, Anda akan direkomendasikan untuk menjalani terapi kognitif perilaku ditambah dengan obat SSRI.

  • Terapi kognitif perilaku. Terapi ini dapat membantu Anda mengontrol gejala BDD Anda dengan mengubah cara Anda berpikir dan bertindak. Terapi ini membantu Anda mempelajari apa yang dapat mencetuskan gejala Anda dan mengajarkan Anda sudut pandang yang berbeda tentang kondisi Anda dan cara menghadapi kebiasaan Anda.

Anda dan terapis Anda akan membuat beberapa tujuan terapi dan bekerja bersama untuk mencoba meraih tujuan tersebut.

Terapi kognitif perilaku untuk menangani BDD biasanya akan meliputi teknik yang disebut dengan Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP). Hal ini dilakukan dengan secara perlahan menghadapi situasi yang normalnya akan membuat Anda berpikir mengenai penampilan Anda secara berlebihan dan membuat Anda merasa cemas. Terapis akan membantu Anda untuk mencari cara lain untuk menghadapi perasaan Anda pada situasi ters ebut, sehingga seiring berjalannya waktu Anda akan mampu untuk menghadapinya tanpa merasa sadar diri atau takut.

Anda juga mungkin akan diberikan beberapa informasi untuk membantu diri sendiri yang bisa dibaca di rumah. Selain itu, terapi ini juga dapat dilakukan dalam satu kelompok bergantung pada gejala Anda.Terapi kognitif perilaku untuk anak-anak dan orang muda biasanya juga akan melibatkan anggota keluarganya.

  • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs adalah suatu tipe antidepresan. Terdapat beberapa jenis SSRIs yang berbeda, namun yang palign sering digunakan untuk menangani BDD adalah fluoksetin. Obat ini mungkin akan memerlukan waktu sampai 12 minggu untuk menghasilkan efek terhadap gejala BDD Anda. Jika obat ini bekerja bagi Anda, Anda mungkin akan diminta untuk melanjutkan konsumsi obat tersebut selama beberapa bulan untk memperbaiki gejala lebih lanjut dan mencegah kekambuhan. Terdapat beberapa efek samping SSRIs yang umum terjadi, namun efek samping ini seringnya akan hilang dalam beberapa minggu. Dokter akan memantau Anda dengan ketat selama beberapa minggu pertama.

 

Penting untuk memberitahu dokter jika Anda merasa sangat cemas atau emosional, atau memiliki pikiran untuk menyakiti diri sendiri. Jika Anda sudah tidak memiliki gejala selama 6 sampai 12 bulan, Anda mungkin akan diperbolehkan untuk menghentikan SSRIs. Penghentian ini dilakukan dengan mengurangi dosis secara perlahan seiring waktu untuk membantu memastikan gejala Anda tidak kembali lagi dan untuk menghindari efek samping akibat putus obat seperti kecemasan. Orang dewasa yang berusia kurang dari 30 tahun perlu untuk dipantau lebih ketat ketika meminum SSRIs karena mereka dapat memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk memiliki pikiran mengakhiri hidup atau percobaan menyakiti diri sendiri pada stadium awal terapi. Anak-anak dan orang muda dapat ditawarkan SSRI jika memiliki gejala BDD yang berat. 

Jika kedua terapi yaitu terapi kognitif perilaku dan SSRI tidak memberikan perbaikan terhadap gejala BDD Anda setelah 12 minggu, Anda mungkin akan diresepkan jenis SSRI yang lain atau antidepresan yang lain yang disebut klomipramin.

Menerapkan latihan mindfulness dapat membantu Anda ketika Anda sedang merasa cemas atau rendah diri. Beberapa orang juga terbantu dengan bertemu dengan teman atau keluarga, atau mencoba melakukan suatu hal yang baru untuk memperbaiki kesehatan mentalnya. Mencoba beberapa teknik relaksasi dan pernafasan juga dapat membantu untuk melegakan stress dan kecemasan.

 

Komplikasi

Komplikasi yang dapat disebabkan atau berkaitan dengan BDD meliputi:

  • Rasa percaya diri yang rendah
  • Isolasi sosial
  • Depresi berat atau gangguan mood lainnya
  • Pikiran atau perilaku bunuh diri
  • Gangguan kecemasan, termasuk gangguan kecemasan sosial (fobia sosial)
  • Gangguan obsesif kompulsif
  • Gangguan makan
  • Penyalahgunaan zat
  • Masalah kesehatan akibat perilaku seperti mencabuti kulit
  • Nyeri tubuh atau risiko kelainan bentuk tubuh akibat terapi bedah berulang

 

Pencegahan

Tidak ada cara yang diketahui dapat mencegah BDD. Namun, karena BDD seringnya muncul pada tahun-tahun remaja awal, maka identifikasi dini kondisi ini dan memulai terapi dapat memberikan manfaat. Terapi pemeliharaan jangka panjang juga dapat membantu mencegah kekambuhan gejala BDD.

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter?

Anda harus berkonsultasi ke dokter jika Anda berpikir Anda mungkin mengalami BDD. Dokter akan menanyakan beberapa pertanyaan mengenai gejala Anda dan bagaimana gejala tersebut mempengaruhi hidup Anda.

Dokter juga akan menanyakan jika Anda memiliki pikiran unutk menyakiti diri sendiri. Anda mungkin akan ditangani oleh dokter umum atau dirujuk ke dokter spesialis jiwa untuk pemeriksaan lebih lanjut dan terapi.

Mencari bantuan untuk BDD yang Anda alami mungkin sulit, namun penting untuk mengingat bahwa Anda tidak perlu merasa malu mengenai kondisi Anda. Mendapatkan bantuan penting karena gejala Anda kemungkinan tidak akan menghilang sendiri tanpa terapi dan dapat semakin parah.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar penyakit lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : dr Tea Karina Sudharso
Editor :
  • dr Ayu Munawaroh, MKK
Last Updated : Kamis, 25 April 2024 | 08:31
Tags : gangguan mental gangguan cemas body dysmorphic disorder body dysmorphia

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). (2022). Retrieved 23 September 2022, from https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/body-dysmorphia/

Body dysmorphic disorder - Symptoms and causes. (2022). Retrieved 23 September 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/body-dysmorphic-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20353938

Body Dysmorphic Disorder. (2022). Retrieved 23 September 2022, from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/body-dysmorphic-disorder

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      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#1386aicare_prod_new12.17msselect `posts`.*, `post_tag`.`tag_id` as `pivot_tag_id`, `post_tag`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id` from `posts` inner join `post_tag` on `posts`.`id` = `post_tag`.`post_id` where `post_tag`.`tag_id` = 6829 and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6829
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • CategoryHealtTopics.php#11aicare_prod_new840μsselect * from `categories` where (`slug` != 'penyakit-a-z' and `slug` != 'obat-a-z' and `slug` != 'pemeriksaan-a-z' and `parent_id` = '0') and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null order by `order` asc
      Bindings
      • 0: penyakit-a-z
      • 1: obat-a-z
      • 2: pemeriksaan-a-z
      • 3: 0
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
      Backtrace
      • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:376
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new113msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-07 11:17:22' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-07 11:17:22
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new11.69msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 816 where `id` = 5095
      Bindings
      • 0: 816
      • 1: 5095
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new25.48msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 5095, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-07 11:17:22', '2025-04-07 11:17:22')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 5095
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-07 11:17:22
      • 8: 2025-04-07 11:17:22
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new840μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 31 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 31
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.94msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7443 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7443
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.12msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5661 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5661
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.15msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6499 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6499
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new5.98msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2793 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2793
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.11msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 5857 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 5857
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.3msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 98 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 98
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#11aicare_prod_new740μsselect * from `categories` where `categories`.`id` = 5 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 5
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:11
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.28msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1030 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1030
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.25msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2681 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2681
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.17msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4788 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4788
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.25msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2569 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2569
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new7.01msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2689 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2689
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new6.75msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2604 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2604
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new940μsselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new670μsselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new940μsselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    120Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    21Category.php#?
    App\User
    4User.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    4Tag.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
    1Faq.php#?
        locale
        id
        _token
        xOHVY8sHTspRKPj26eOHe8T4rGsx6Z8eYKYIA3VS
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://ai-care.atmatech.id/healthpedia-penyakit/body-dysmorphic-disorder" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        path_info
        /healthpedia-penyakit/body-dysmorphic-disorder
        status_code
        200
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        request_request
        []
        request_headers
          0 of 0   
        array:20 [▼
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  "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [▶
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  ]
  "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "navigate"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "none"
  ]
  "accept" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7"
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    0 => "1"
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  "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [▶
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  "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [▶
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    0 => "no-cache"
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