Trakeitis Bakterialis

Trakeitis Bakterialis

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Definisi

Trakeitis bakterial yang juga dikenal dengan nama croup bakterial atau laringotrakeobronkitis akut, merupakan infeksi pada trakea yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Trakea atau tenggorokan adalah saluran yang menghubungkan hidung dengan saluran napas bagian bawah menuju paru. Saat Anda menghirup udara melalui hidung atau mulut, udara akan mengalir melalui tenggorokan lalu turun ke trakea. Trakea kemudian bercabang menjadi dua saluran yang bernama bronkus kanan dan bronkus kiri. Bronkus tersebut akan bercabang lagi dan berakhir di paru-paru.

Selain sebagai jalur masuk oksigen saat kita menarik napas, trakea juga menjadi jalur keluar karbon dioksida atau hasil pembakaran energi tubuh saat kita menghembuskan napas. Trakeitis bakterial termasuk penyakit yang jarang terjadi, namun berpotensi mengancam nyawa. Penyakit ini biasanya menyerang anak kecil. Penanganan yang cepat dan tepat sangat penting untuk menyelamatkan nyawa anak.

 

Penyebab

Trakeitis bakterial paling sering disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Bakteri lain yang juga dapat menyebabkannya adalah Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae, dan Moraxella catarrhalis.

Sebagian besar kasus trakeitis bakteri muncul setelah kejadian pilek atau flu biasa. Setelah anak menderita infeksi saluran napas atas, seperti flu, campak, atau parainfluenza, bakteri dapat lebih mudah menyerang trakea anak dan menimbulkan trakeitis. Hal tersebut terjadi karena virus merusak lapisan trakea sehingga menjad lebih rentan terkena infeksi. Kondisi ini akan menyebabkan infeksi, peradangan, dan pembengkakan yang cepat pada trakea. Karena ukuran dan posisi trakea anak lebih yang kecil, pembengkakan ringan pun bisa dengan cepat menyumbat saluran napas anak.

Meskipun trakeitis bakteri juga dapat menyerang orang dewasa, namun perkembanganya lebih lambat dibandingkan pada anak. Jika orang dewasa mengalami trakeitis, infeksi dapat sembuh dengan sendirinya sebelum saluran napas mengalami penyumbatan.

 

Faktor Risiko

Faktor risiko trakeitis bakterial antara lain:

  • Penggunaan trakeostomi dalam jangka panjang. Trakeostomi adalah prosedur untuk membantu pernapasan dengan memasukkan tabung ke dalam leher bagian depan. Bila digunakan dalam jangka lama, bisa terjadi pertumbuhan bakteri pada tabung trakeostomi 
  • Anak usia sekolah
  • Riwayat infeksi virus saluran pernapasan atas yang paling sering disebabkan oleh virus influenza dan parainfluenza
  • Anak dengan gangguan sistem kekebalan tubuh, terutama yang mendapat tindakan pemasangan trakeostomi jangka panjang
  • Pada musim gugur dan musim dingin terjadi peningkatan kasus flu

Penting untuk dicatat bahwa memiliki faktor risiko tidak berarti seseorang akan terkena kondisi tersebut. Faktor risiko meningkatkan peluang seseorang untuk mengalami suatu kondisi dibandingkan dengan individu tanpa faktor risiko. Sebaliknya, tidak memiliki faktor risiko tidak berarti bahwa seseorang pasti tidak akan mengalami kondisi tersebut.

 

Gejala

Jika anak mengalami trakeitis bakteri, kemungkinan itu akan terjadi setelah mereka terkena infeksi saluran pernapasan atas (ISPA). Contoh ISPA adalah flu biasa akibat virus. Umumnya, gejala trakeitis bakterial mirip dengan gejala infeksi saluran napas atas lainnya pada 1-3 hari pertama, lalu dapat memburuk pada hari-hari selanjutnya.

Gejala awal yang dirasakan adalah batuk, pilek, dan demam ringan. Setelah dua sampai lima hari, dapat timbul perkembangan dan penambahan gejala infeksi bahkan sumbatan jalan napas. Tanda dan gejala trakeitis antara lain:

  • Demam tinggi
  • Batuk yang parah 
  • Kesulitan bernapas
  • Suara napas tambahan berupa mengi, yaitu suara menciut seperti bunyi "ngik-ngik"
  • Cuping hidung ikut bergerak saat bernapas, salah satu tanda kesulitan bernapas
  • Sianosis atau kebiruan pada kulit

Anak juga dapat mengalami stridor, yaitu suara bernada tinggi seperti ngorok saat bernapas. Stridor sering menjadi tanda infeksi serius dan sumbatan sebagian jalan napas. Jika ini terjadi maka berpotensi mengancam nyawa.

 

Diagnosis

Dokter mendiagnosis trakeitis bakterial melalui gejala pasien, riwayat kesehatan secara menyeluruh, dan pemeriksaan fisik. Dokter akan memeriksa suara pernapasan menggunakan alat stetoskop untuk mengetahui tanda-tanda gangguan pernapasan.

Untuk membantu memastikan diagnosis dan menyingkirkan kemungkinan penyebab lainnya, dokter dapat merekomendasikan pemeriksaan penunjang seperti:

  • Kultur lendir, pemeriksaan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bakteri penyebab trakeitis, dapat mengambil sampel lendir dari belakang hidung atau trakea
  • Tes gas darah untuk mengukur kadar oksigen dalam darah pasien
  • Pemeriksaan rontgen dada, pencitraan untuk melihat apakah ada peradangan, pembengkakan, atau infeksi di saluran napas
  • Endoskopi, merupakan salah satu prosedur pemeriksaan untuk memvisualisasikan bagian dalam tenggorokan dengan menggunakan pipa lentur yang terpasang kamera di ujungnya, gambar akan ditampilkan pada monitor

 

Tata Laksana

Pasien trakeitis bakterial memerlukan rawat inap. Umumnya anak memerlukan perawatan intensif di ICU. Dokter akan memberikan antibiotik untuk membunuh bakteri penyebab infeksi. Antibiotik diberikan melalui suntikan. Dokter juga akan membersihkan saluran napas.

Jika pasien memerlukan bantuan napas, dokter akan melakukan intubasi, yaitu memasukan pipa endotrakeal melalui mulut ke trakea. Pipa lalu disambungkan ke alat ventilator. Prosedur ini akan membantu meningkatkan fungsi paru-paru pasien saat mereka pulih dari infeksi.

Penanganan yang cepat akan mempengaruhi proses pemulihan pasien. Setelah gejala membaik, pemulihan pada anak-anak biasanya lebih baik dibandingkan orang dewasa. Sebagian besar anak bahkan akan sembuh tanpa sisa keluhan jangka panjang atau komplikasi. 

 

Komplikasi

Kondisi anak dengan trakeitis bakterial akan tergantung pada tingkat keparahan kondisi serta seberapa cepat mendapatkan perawatan. Saluran napas anak kecil dapat membengkak dengan cepat, sehingga anak cenderung sulit bernapas. Jika trakea anak tersumbat sepenuhnya, dapat menyebabkan henti napas dan kematian.

Bila infeksi anak disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus, mereka juga berpotensi mengalami sindrom syok toksik, yaitu penurunan tekanan darah dan kekurangan suplai oksigen ke seluruh jaringan tubuh. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan demam, syok (penurunan tekanan darah dan kekurangan oksigen), kegagalan organ, hingga kematian.

Komplikasi lainnya yang dapat terjadi meliputi:

  • Sumbatan saluran napas
  • Pneumonia atau radang dan infeksi paru, dilaporkan pada 19-60% kasus
  • Sepsis, yaitu penyebaran infeksi melalui aliran darah ke seluruh tubuh
  • Sindrom gangguan pernapasan akut (ARDS)
  • Komplikasi karena pipa endotrakeal seperti sumbatan pada pipa, pipa tidak sengaja terlepas, atau penyempitan tenggorokan di sekitar laring
  • Ensefalopati anoksik, atau gangguan otak akibat tidak mendapat suplai oksigen yang cukup
  • Henti jantung dan/atau henti napas

 

Pencegahan

Pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan sama dengan pencegahan infeksi pada umumnya, yaitu rutin mencuci tangan, menjaga daya tahan tubuh, dan melakukan pola hidup sehat. 

Cara pencegahan trakeitis bakterial lainnya adalah vaksinasi terhadap bakteri pneumokokus dan virus (misalnya campak dan influenza) yang dapat menjadi faktor risiko anak terkena trakeitis bakteri dan infeksi bakteri tambahan lainnya pada saluran pernapasan. 

Pada anak yang mendapat tindakan pemasangan trakeostomi atau tabung tenggorokan, perawatan dan kebersihan tabung trakeostomi harus selalu dijaga untuk mencegah infeksi bakteri. Perawatan meliputi pembersihan bagian dalam tabung setiap hari dan pembersihan seluruh tabung setiap bulan.

 

Kapan Harus ke Dokter? 

Jika Anda atau anak Anda mengalami gejala-gejala trakeitis bakterial seperti yang sudah disebutkan di atas, segera konsultasi cari bantuan medis. Trakeitis adalah kondisi medis darurat. Segera kunjungi unit gawat darurat jika anak Anda mengalami infeksi saluran pernapasan atas dan tiba-tiba mengalami demam tinggi, batuk yang semakin memberat, atau kesulitan bernapas.

 

Writer : dr Aprilia Dwi Iriani
Editor :
  • dr Hanifa Rahma
Last Updated : Kamis, 13 April 2023 | 17:45

Burke, D. (2017). Bacterial tracheitis: causes, symptoms, and diagnosis. Retrieved 3 March 2022, from https://www.healthline.com/health/tracheitis

Hogan, L. (2021). What is bacterial tracheitis?. Retrieved 3 March 2022, from https://www.webmd.com/children/what-is-bacterial-tracheitis

Rajan, S. (2018). Bacterial tracheitis. Retrieved 3 March 2022, from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/961647-overview

Burton, L., Lofgren, D., Silberman, M. (2021). Bacterial Tracheitis. Retrieved 3 March 2022, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470240/

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      • 0: 4166
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:1386
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:372
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • CategoryHealtTopics.php#11aicare_prod_new1.45msselect * from `categories` where (`slug` != 'penyakit-a-z' and `slug` != 'obat-a-z' and `slug` != 'pemeriksaan-a-z' and `parent_id` = '0') and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null order by `order` asc
      Bindings
      • 0: penyakit-a-z
      • 1: obat-a-z
      • 2: pemeriksaan-a-z
      • 3: 0
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The != operator is not standard. Use the <> operator to test for inequality instead.
      Backtrace
      • app/Repositories/Categories/CategoryHealtTopics.php:11
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:376
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • WebController.php#377aicare_prod_new113msselect * from `posts` where `status` = 1 and `publish_date` <= '2025-04-07 02:38:35' and `content_type` = 'article' and `posts`.`deleted_at` is null order by RAND() limit 7
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: 2025-04-07 02:38:35
      • 2: article
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • ORDER BY RAND() is slow, try to avoid if you can. You can read this or this
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:377
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • WebController.php#391aicare_prod_new6.77msupdate `posts` set `views_count` = 722 where `id` = 2887
      Bindings
      • 0: 722
      • 1: 2887
      Backtrace
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205
    • ActivityLogger.php#174aicare_prod_new5.76msinsert into `activity_log` (`log_name`, `properties`, `batch_uuid`, `event`, `subject_id`, `subject_type`, `description`, `updated_at`, `created_at`) values ('default', '[]', null, 'updated', 2887, 'App\\Models\\Admin\\Post', 'updated', '2025-04-07 02:38:35', '2025-04-07 02:38:35')
      Bindings
      • 0: default
      • 1: []
      • 2: 
      • 3: updated
      • 4: 2887
      • 5: App\Models\Admin\Post
      • 6: updated
      • 7: 2025-04-07 02:38:35
      • 8: 2025-04-07 02:38:35
      Backtrace
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/ActivityLogger.php:174
      • vendor/spatie/laravel-activitylog/src/Traits/LogsActivity.php:88
      • app/Http/Controllers/WebController.php:391
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new1.19msselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 27 limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: 27
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.04msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4250 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4250
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.19msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6175 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6175
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.01msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7339 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7339
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.27msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4166 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4166
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.19msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6047 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6047
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new10.21msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8073 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8073
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.38msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7278 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7278
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.8msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2714 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2714
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.54msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2831 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2831
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.74msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2805 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2805
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.87msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 3453 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 3453
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.41msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 2745 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 2745
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#122aicare_prod_new1.39msselect * from `pages` where `slug` = 'about-us' limit 1
      Bindings
      • 0: about-us
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#547aicare_prod_new7.23msselect * from `faqs` limit 1
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • web_layout.blade.php#551aicare_prod_new850μsselect * from `term_policies`
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    App\Models\Admin\Post
    309Post.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Category
    28Category.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Tag
    5Tag.php#?
    App\User
    3User.php#?
    App\Models\TermPolicy
    3TermPolicy.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Page
    1Page.php#?
    App\Models\Admin\Faq
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        id
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        /healthpedia-penyakit/bacterial-tracheitis
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
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        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:2 [ "XSRF-TOKEN" => "yMxfRQOUArqHbCxTptQDPD1mj90nseWdGLR0omrm" "laravel_session" => "16QSOhwi7WyrQt9fDDxmYHHBbOp8m0DsGYlyfNLE" ]
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