Tiroglobulin

Tiroglobulin
Ilustrasi sampe darah untuk pemeriksaan tiroglobulin (Tg).

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Definisi

Pemeriksaan tiroglobulin (Tg) adalah pemeriksaan untuk mengukur kadar tiroglobulin di dalam darah. Tiroglobulin merupakan protein yang dibuat oleh kelenjar tiroid. Kelenjar tiroid merupakan kelenjar kecil yang berbentuk seperti kupu-kupu dan terletak di bagian depan leher. 

Kelenjar tiroid memproduksi hormon triiodothyronine (T3) dan thyroxine (T4) yang berperan penting dalam mengontrol berbagai fungsi tubuh, termasuk sistem pencernaan, kesuburan, dan detak jantung. Sebelum dilepaskan ke aliran darah, T3 dan T4 akan disimpan di kelenjar tiroid sebagai tiroglobulin (Tg). Normalnya, kelenjar tiroid melepaskan Tg dalam jumlah yang sedikit ke dalam aliran darah bersamaan dengan T3 dan T4.

Pemeriksaan Tg merupakan salah satu pemeriksaan untuk mendeteksi tumor (tumor marker). Tumor marker adalah suatu zat yang dibuat oleh sel kanker atau sel normal sebagai respon terhadap kehadiran tumor atau kanker di tubuh. Namun, pemeriksaan ini tidak dilakukan untuk mendiagnosis kanker tiroid.

 

Indikasi

Pemeriksaan tiroglobulin tidak digunakan untuk mendiagnosis kanker tiroid karena penyakit tiroid lainnya selain kanker juga dapat memengaruhi kadar tiroglobulin di dalam darah. Namun, pemeriksaan ini digunakan untuk melihat keberhasilan pengobatan pada pasien kanker tiroid. 

Selain itu, pemeriksaan tiroglobulin juga dilakukan untuk:

  • Menilai keberhasilan terapi setelah dilakukan operasi pengangkatan tiroid, baik sel kanker maupun sel yang sehat
  • Memantau apakah ada sel kanker yang kembali muncul 
  • Memantau perkembangan kanker 
  • Mendiagnosis kondisi hipertiroidisme atau hipotiroidisme

Baca Juga: Penyakit Karsinoma Tiroid - Definisi, Penyebab, Gejala, dan Tata Laksana | AI Care (ai-care.id)

 

Kontraindikasi

Tidak ada kontraindikasi atau kondisi yang membuat seseorang tidak bisa melakukan pemeriksaan ini.

 

Persiapan Sebelum Pemeriksaan

Tidak ada persiapan khusus sebelum melakukan pemeriksaan Tg. Pemeriksaan ini bisa dilakukan dalam keadaan tidak berpuasa. Meskipun demikian, Anda disarankan untuk melakukan konsultasi medis terlebih dahulu kepada dokter sebelum melakukan pemeriksaan Tg sebab ada beberapa kondisi tertentu yang dapat menganggu hasil laboratorium sehingga tidak menggambarkan kondisi Anda yang sesungguhnya.

 

Prosedur Pemeriksaan 

Pemeriksaan tiroglobulin umumnya menggunakan sampel serum darah sebanyak 0,25 - 0,5 ml. Sampel serum darah ini diambil dari pembuluh darah vena dan akan dikumpulkan ke dalam tabung khusus. Petugas laboratorium akan memakai sarung tangan khusus dan APD (Alat Pelindung Diri) saat mengambil sampel pemeriksaan.

Sebelum mengambil darah, petugas akan memasang pita elastis dan membersihkan area penusukan jarum dengan kasa antiseptik. Biasanya petugas mengambil darah di area lipatan siku. Setelah darah diambil dan dimasukkan ke dalam tabung khusus, petugas akan melepas pita elastis yang terpasang, menekan dan membersihkan area penusukan dengan kasa antiseptik.

Prosedur pemeriksaan ini hanya berlangsung selama beberapa menit saja. Sampel darah yang telah didapatkan akan diperiksakan menggunakan alat khusus di laboratorium, dan hasilnya bisa diketahui dalam beberapa jam kemudian.

Baca Juga: Pemeriksaan Pemeriksaan FT4 - Indikasi, Prosedur, dan Hasil Pemeriksaan | AI Care (ai-care.id)

 

Nilai Normal dan Abnormal

Rentang nilai normal tiroglobulin dibedakan berdasarkan umur dan jenis kelamin. Secara umum, berikut ini merupakan rentang nilai normal pada hasil pemeriksaan Tg.

Perempuan 

Usia

Nilai normal Tg (ng/mL)

0 - 11 bulan 

0,5 - 5,5 

1 - 11 tahun

0,5 - 52,1

≥ 12 tahun

0,5 - 43,0

Laki-laki

Usia

Nilai normal Tg (ng/mL)

0 - 11 bulan 

0,6 - 5,5 

1 - 11 tahun

0,6 - 50,1

≥ 12 tahun

0,5 - 53,0

Berdasarkan tabel di atas dapat diketahui bahwa kadar tiroglobulin dalam darah memiliki nilai rentang normal dengan batas atas dan bawah yang bervariasi sesuai dengan usia dan jenis kelamin. Kadar tiroglobulin darah dianggap tidak normal bila hasilnya lebih rendah atau lebih tinggi dari rentang nilai normal yang tercantum pada tabel. 

Meskipun demikian, setiap laboratorium memiliki rentang nilai yang sedikit berbeda antara satu laboratorium dengan laboratorium lainnya. Hal ini terjadi karena perbedaan alat atau mesin yang digunakan.

 

Hasil dan Saran (Pemeriksaan Lanjutan)

Rendah

Jika hasil pemeriksaan Tg Anda menunjukkan nilai sangat rendah atau tidak terdeteksi, kemungkinan pengobatan kanker yang Anda jalani saat ini telah berhasil. Namun, Anda disarankan tetap rutin melakukan pemeriksaan untuk memastikan bahwa sel kanker sudah benar-benar tidak berkembang. 

Jika pada saat pemeriksaan selanjutnya ditemukan peningkatan pada kadar Tg, maka hal tersebut dapat menandakan kanker tiroid muncul kembali setelah dilakukannya pengobatan.

Normal 

Jika hasil pemeriksaan Tg Anda menunjukkan nilai normal, kemungkinan Anda telah menjalankan pola hidup sehat dengan baik dan tidak ada kelainan yang berhubungan dengan penyakit tiroid apabila tidak ada gejala dan tanda klinis tertentu.

Anda disarankan untuk tetap mempertahankan pola hidup sehat Anda saat ini sehingga dapat mencegah penyakit tiroid yang ditandai oleh nilai Tg yang terlalu tinggi atau rendah.

Tinggi 

Jika hasil pemeriksaan Tg Anda menunjukkan nilai tinggi, sebaiknya Anda berkonsultasi dengan dokter karena kemungkinan pengobatan kanker tiroid belum berhasil dan perlunya pengobatan lebih lanjut.

Kadar Tg yang tinggi juga dapat menandakan bahwa tubuh masih memiliki sel kanker tiroid yang sedang aktif berkembang atau mungkin sudah menyebar ke organ lainnya. 

 

Konsultasikan ke Dokter yang Tepat

Hasil pemeriksaan Tg pada orang dewasa dapat dikonsultasikan dengan dokter umum, untuk selanjutnya dilakukan pemeriksaan lanjutan ataupun memulai terapi untuk diagnosis yang sesuai. Anda juga dapat berkonsultasi dengan dokter spesialis penyakit dalam konsultan metabolik dan endokrin untuk berdiskusi mengenai masalah tiroglobulin Anda lebih jauh. Pada pasien anak, hasil pemeriksaan selain normal harus dikonsultasikan dengan dokter spesialis anak.

 

Mau tahu informasi seputar hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium, radiologi, dan lainnya? Cek di sini, ya!

Writer : dr Kevin Luke
Editor :
  • dr Nadia Opmalina
Last Updated : Kamis, 23 November 2023 | 09:29

Thyroglobulin. (2020). Retrieved 28 November 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/thyroglobulin/ 

Thyroglobulin. (2022). Retrieved 28 November 2022, from https://www.testing.com/tests/thyroglobulin/

Thyroid Antithyroglobulin Antibodu. (2022). Retrieved 28 November 2022, from https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid=thyroid_antithyroglobulin_antibody

Thyroglobulin. (2021). Retrieved 28 November 2022, from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2089532-overview

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      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • single-post-healthpedia.blade.php#37aicare_prod_new790μsselect * from `users` where `users`.`id` = 43 limit 1
      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • LIMIT without ORDER BY causes non-deterministic results, depending on the query execution plan
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.single-post-healthpedia:37
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.91msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4630 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4630
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.78msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 1969 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 1969
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.85msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4167 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4167
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.76msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6729 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6729
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.84msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 8052 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 8052
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.03msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 7740 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 7740
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • article-popular.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new9.28msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 4722 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 4722
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.article-popular:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7728
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
      • 0: 7307
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
    • related-article.blade.php#8aicare_prod_new8.55msselect `categories`.*, `category_post`.`post_id` as `pivot_post_id`, `category_post`.`category_id` as `pivot_category_id`, `category_post`.`created_at` as `pivot_created_at`, `category_post`.`updated_at` as `pivot_updated_at` from `categories` inner join `category_post` on `categories`.`id` = `category_post`.`category_id` where `category_post`.`post_id` = 6332 and `categories`.`deleted_at` is null
      Bindings
      • 0: 6332
      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      Backtrace
      • view::web.v2.partials.related-article:8
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Bindings
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:122
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
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      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:547
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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      Hints
      • Use SELECT * only if you need all columns from table
      • The SELECT statement has no WHERE clause and could examine many more rows than intended
      Backtrace
      • view::layouts.v2.web_layout:551
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
      • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72
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    App\Models\Admin\Post
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    App\Models\Admin\Tag
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